Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc...

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Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The “BugDoc” The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus, OH July, 2007, D.J. Shetlar, all rights reserved

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Page 1: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Ornamentals Pests:Mites - Their Groups,

Diagnosis, and Control

David J. Shetlar, Ph.D.The “BugDoc”

The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension

Columbus, OH

© July, 2007, D.J. Shetlar, all rights reserved

Page 2: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Main Mite Groups

• Spider Mites (Tetranychidae) – Oligonychus, Tetranychus, Panonychus, Eurytetranychus, Eotetranychus, Bryobia.

• False Spider Mites (Tenuipalpidae) – Brevipalpus

• Eriophyid Mites (Eriophyidae) – bud, gall, rust mites.

Page 3: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Other Mite Terms

• Cool-season Mites – most active in spring and fall seasons, when temperatures are above freezing but blow 80F during the day.

• Warm-season Mites – Seem to do best during summer warm periods, also do well in drought.

• Gall Mites – cause plant distortions or abnormal growths.

• Rust Mites – cause general yellowing or bronzing of the foliage, but mites are almost too small to see.

Page 4: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Bryobia spp.

• Clover mite (B. praetiosa) – cool-season grass and weed feeder.

• Honeysuckle bryobia (B. lonicerae) – common on shrub honeysuckle

Page 5: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Panonychus spp.

• European red mite (P. ulmi) – warm-season mite on fruit trees and Crataegus.

Stippling of apple leaf.

Adult female

Page 6: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

• European red mite (P. ulmi) – warm-season mite on fruit trees and Crataegus.

Adults ballooningOverwintering egg clusters

(dormant oils?)

Page 7: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Eotetranychus spp.(dozen species, yellow to green)

• Honeylocust mite (E. multidigituli) – warm-season on leaf undersurfaces.

Page 8: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

• Linden mite (E. tiliarium) – warm-season on leaf undersurfaces.

Eotetranychus spp.(dozen species, yellow to green)

Page 9: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Tetranychus spp.

• Twospotted spider mite (T. urticae) – warm-season mite of greenhouses, annuals and perennials, winged euonymus and some Viburnum.

Page 10: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Twospotted spider mite (T. urticae) –

Page 11: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Oligonychus spp.(many species, dark red, brown or green)

• Spruce spider mite (O. ununguis) – cool-season conifer feeder.

• Southern red mite (O. ilicus) – cool-season, attacks broadleaf evergreens.

• Oak spider mite (O. bicolor) – warm-season, upper leaf surface.

• Maple spider mite (O. aceris) – warm-season, lower leaf surface.

• O. newcomeri – warm-season, Amelanchier leaves.

Page 12: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

• Spruce spider mite (O. ununguis) – cool-season conifer feeder.

Bronzing of spruce

Mites & webbing on fir

Page 13: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

• Spruce spider mite (O. ununguis) – cool-season conifer feeder.

Page 14: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Spruce spider mite populations (thick line) over the 1993 season in Columbus, OH. Note that the population of active mites disappears in early July due to several days with temperatures above 29°C (=86°F), a characteristic of a cool-season mite.

Page 15: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

• Southern red mite (O. ilicus) – cool-season, attacks broadleaf evergreens.

Page 16: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

• Oak spider mite (O. bicolor) – warm-season, upper leaf surface.

Page 17: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

• Oak spider mite (O. bicolor) – warm-season, upper leaf surface.

Page 18: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

• Maple spider mite (O. aceris) – warm-season, lower leaf surface.

Page 19: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

False Spider Mites – Tenuipalpidae

• Privet mite (Brevipalpus obovatus) – warm-season, flat mite numerous hosts.

Phaelenopsis mite, another false spider mite.

Page 20: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Eriophyid Mites

• Rust Mites – free-living “vagrants” on foliage surface, causing yellowing and russeting of foliage.

• Gall Mites – Cause abnormal plant growths, bladder and spindle galls, and erineum.

• Bud Mites – bud rosettes, new growth distortion, “blasted” buds.

Page 21: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Eriophyid Mite Characteristics

Two pairs of legs Small!

Able to flip into air to balloon!

Page 22: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Hemlock rust mites.

Page 23: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Privet rust mites.

Page 24: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

White pine rust mites.

Spruce rust mites.

Page 25: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Baldcypress rust mites.

Page 26: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Maple bladdergall and spindlegall mite damage.

Page 27: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Maple erineum galls.

Page 28: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Pear leafblister mite damage.

Pear leafcurl mite damage – a different species!

Page 29: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Ash flowergall mite damage to flower buds

Page 30: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Ash flowergall mites “questing” for air currents to balloon!

Page 31: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Coneflower Rosette Mite

Page 32: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Pine Rosette Mite

Page 33: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

Juniper tip-dwarf mites.

Page 34: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

MiticidesTraditional

• Kelthane

• Morestan

• Cygon

• Orthene ? (Professional only)

• Sevin (eriophyids only)

Alternatives

• Avid (all mites!)

• Hexygon (eggs & larvae only, spider mites only)

• Floramite (spider mites only)

• Sanmite (spider mites only)

• Forbid (all mites!)

• Conserve

• Pyrethroids – NO!??

• Soaps or Oils

X

X

??

Page 35: Ornamentals Pests: Mites - Their Groups, Diagnosis, and Control David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The BugDoc The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus,

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