Origin of Man and Early Human Societies
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Transcript of Origin of Man and Early Human Societies
Origin of Man and Early Human Societies
World Studies
Where did humans come from?
Creationism Based on a premise that
the natural universe had a beginning, and came into being supernaturally.
Cultures all over the world each have their versions of how the world came to be.
Examples: Genesis(Christianity)
Evolution The process of change in
all forms of life over generations
Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species in 1859 suggesting that species had evolved by the process of natural selection.
“Survival of the fittest”
African Origins Ethiopia Archeologists have
found what seems to be the oldest known human remains to date.
Lucy (3.2 million years old)
Theories of Modern Humans
Multi-Regional contends that
after Homo erectus left Africa and dispersed into other portions of the Old World, regional populations slowly evolved into modern humans.
“Out of Africa” asserts that
modern humans evolved relatively recently in Africa, migrated into Eurasia and replaced all populations which had descended from Homo erectus.
Multi-regional Theory
“Out of Africa” Theory
Old Stone Age 2,500,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE Hunters and Gatherers
Men hunted Women gathered Lived in small bands of 20-30 people Could not support large population because hunting
was not a very effective. Nomads
Moved from place to place Usually migrated with herds of animals
Old Stone Age Humans of this time
period found shelter in caves
Humans left behind cave painting as evidence
Simple tools were created out of stone
New Stone Age 10,000 BCE to 4,000 BCE Gradual shift from:
Nomadic lifestyles to settled, stationary lifestyles Beginnings of farming First time humans developed surplus of food.
This allowed for specialization of labor. Meaning that not all people had to farm Some became blacksmiths, tailors,
masons and craftsmen. Beginnings of social classes
New Stone Age Agriculture developed independently in
different parts of the world. Growing crops on a regular basis made it
possible to support larger populations. Domestication of animals allows for the
replacement of manual power to animal power.
More permanent settle communities emerged.
Çatalhöyük in Turkey: One of the oldest known
communities.
Early Communities Division of labor. Engaged in trade. Development of
hierarchy. Beginnings of
religion.
What is the next step in the development of human settlements?
CIVILIZATIONS!!!