Orientation for Muslim Educators1(2008)SCRIBD

8/14/2019 Orientation for Muslim Educators1(2008)SCRIBD

1/26

1

Orientation forOrientation for

Muslim EducatorsMuslim Educators

Course prepared &Course prepared &presented by Ustazpresented by Ustaz

Zhulkeflee Hj IsmailZhulkeflee Hj Ismail

2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail


2/26

2

Session 1Session 1

KNOWING THEKNOWING THEPROBLEMPROBLEM



3/26

3

Gathering inputs from participants as to

what they perceive as being the majorproblems (in education) of the ummah.

Why is it that the Muslimsgenerally (as commented by many)seem to be lagging in education?



4/26

4



Why is it that although we know in thehistory of Islamic civilisation (in the earlystages) the Muslims were in the forefrontas torch-bearer of knowledge and learning,but what causes us (Muslims today) to

have lost that spirit and the lead?



5/26

5



Although we know that Islamic worldview

(tasawwur Islam) is all encompassing, it isobserved that many Muslims are affected by thereductionist tendencies such that their generalunderstanding of Islamic principles becomenarrow in scope.

Is this observation true? Give a few examples.



6/26

6



When we speak of education as aterm and a concept, do we (aseducators and those involved ineducation) have the sameunderstanding of it?



7/26

7



We may have heard of terms likeIslamic education vis--vis seculareducation. Do you agree with thiscategorisation?

What is your understanding of these,especially its distinction (if any)?



8/26

8



What is Secularism and what isIslamisization (or sometimesreferred to as Islamization)?



9/26

9



As educators (or being involve witheducation), knowledge (ilm) and theculture of learning (budaya ilmu) are ourmain concern.

What is knowledge? What is the culture oflearning from the Islamic perspective?



10/26

10



Do you accept the commonly usedukhrawi - dunyawi categorisationof ilm (knowledge)?



11/26

11

Def initi on of Educati onef initi on of Educati onfrom an Isl ami crom an Isl ami cper specti veer specti ve

Recognition and acknowledgement,Recognition and acknowledgement,progressively instilled into Man, of theprogressively instilled into Man, of theproper places of things in the order ofproper places of things in the order of

creation, such that it leads to thecreation, such that it leads to therecognition and acknowledgement of therecognition and acknowledgement of theproper place of God in the order of beingproper place of God in the order of beingand existence.and existence.

((Prof. Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-AttasProf. Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas))((1980 The Concept of Education in Islam: A Framework for an Islamic Philosophy of1980 The Concept of Education in Islam: A Framework for an Islamic Philosophy of

EducationEducation))



12/26

12

BREAKDOWN IN ADAB LEADING TO LEVELLINGProf. Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas analysis:

(C)

Rise / election of

False leaders

External

Loss ofAdab (B)

Internal

(A)

Confusion and Error in Knowledge

Figure 1

This state of perpetual confusion at all levels of societal leadership is ingeniously termedby al-Attas as the loss of adab. This can be describe as follows:

29) Confusion and error in knowledge; creating the condition for:

30) The loss of adab within the Community. The condition arising out of (A) and (B) is:

The rise of leaders who are not qualified for valid leadership of the Muslim Community, whodo not possess the high moral, intellectual and spiritual standards required for Islamicleadership, who perpetuate the condition in (1) [1] above and ensure the continued control ofthe affairs of the Community by leaders like them who dominate in all fields.[2]

[1] The loss of Adab in the community. Thus restoration of Adab has higher priority for Adab precedes even learning.[2] Wan Mohd Nor Wan Dauds The Educational Philosophy and Practice of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas (ISTAC publication 1998) p 74


13/26

13

SECULARISM &SECULARISM &

SECULARIZATIONSECULARIZATION

SecularSecular from Latin saeculumcarries a dual connotation of (1) time

and (2) space; therefore referring to the

now or present of it, and the location

to the world or worldly sense of it.



14/26

14



SecularizationSecularization is defined as:

the deliverance of man first from religious and then frommetaphysical control over his reason and his language[1]

it is the loosing of the world from religious and quasi-religiousunderstandings of itself, the dispelling of all closed world views, thebreaking of all supernatural myths and sacred symbols

the defatalization of history the discovery by man that he has been left with the world on his

hands, and he can no longer blame fortune or the furies for what hedoes with it;

it is man turning hid attention away from the worlds beyond andtowards this world and this time.

[1]Cornelis van Peursen, quoted by Harvey Cox ref: Islam & Secularism S.M.Naquib al-Attas p 17



15/26

15



SecularizationSecularization ItItencompassesencompasses:: not only political and social aspects of life,not only political and social aspects of life,

but also inevitably the cultural, for it denotesbut also inevitably the cultural, for it denotes

the disappearance of religiousthe disappearance of religiousdetermination of the symbols of culturaldetermination of the symbols of culturalintegration.integration.



16/26

16



SecularizationSecularization ItItimpliesimplies:: a historical process, almost certainlya historical process, almost certainly

irreversible, in which society and culture areirreversible, in which society and culture are

delivered from tutelage to religious controldelivered from tutelage to religious controland closed metaphysical world views.and closed metaphysical world views.



17/26

17



The integral components in the dimensions ofThe integral components in the dimensions of

Secularization are:Secularization are:[a] The [a] The disenchantment of naturedisenchantment of nature,,

- the freeing of nature from its religious overtones (Max Weber)- the freeing of nature from its religious overtones (Max Weber)

[b] The [b] The desacralization of politicsdesacralization of politics,,

- the abolition of sacral legitimation of political power and authority, which is- the abolition of sacral legitimation of political power and authority, which isthe prerequisite of political change and hence also social change allowing forthe prerequisite of political change and hence also social change allowing forthe emergence of the historical process.the emergence of the historical process.

[c] The [c] The deconsecration of valuesdeconsecration of values..

- the rendering transient and relative all cultural creations and every value- the rendering transient and relative all cultural creations and every valuesystem which for them includes religion and worldviews having ultimate andsystem which for them includes religion and worldviews having ultimate andfinal significance, so that in this way history, the future, is open to change, andfinal significance, so that in this way history, the future, is open to change, andman is free to create the change and immerse himself in the evolutionaryman is free to create the change and immerse himself in the evolutionaryprocessprocess



18/26

18



Note to distinguishNote to distinguish:: Secularism is theSecularism is the

ideologyideology

whereas Secularization, thewhereas Secularization, theprocess.process.



19/26

19

ISLAMIZATIONISLAMIZATION: brief notes to understand: brief notes to understand

IslamizationIslamization (in a general sense) is the liberation of man(in a general sense) is the liberation of manfirst from magical, mythology, animistic, national-culturalfirst from magical, mythology, animistic, national-culturaltradition opposed to Islam, and then from secular control overtradition opposed to Islam, and then from secular control overhis reason and his language It is also a liberation fromhis reason and his language It is also a liberation fromsubservience to his physical demands which inclines towardsubservience to his physical demands which inclines towardthe secular and injustice to his true self or soul, for man asthe secular and injustice to his true self or soul, for man as

physical being inclines towards forgetfulness of his truephysical being inclines towards forgetfulness of his true

nature, becoming ignorant of his true purpose and unjust to it.nature, becoming ignorant of his true purpose and unjust to it.Islamization is a process not so much of evolution as that ofIslamization is a process not so much of evolution as that ofdevolution to original naturedevolution to original nature [1][1]

[1][1] Wan Mohd Nor Wan Dauds The Educational Philosophy and Practice of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas (ISTACWan Mohd Nor Wan Dauds The Educational Philosophy and Practice of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas (ISTACpublication 1998) p 312publication 1998) p 312



20/26

20


IslamizationIslamization(in the individual, personal sense) refers to(in the individual, personal sense) refers tothe recognition and acknowledgement of the Holy Prophet asthe recognition and acknowledgement of the Holy Prophet as

the exemplary leader and personality for both man and woman.the exemplary leader and personality for both man and woman.



21/26

21


IslamizationIslamization(in the individual, personal sense) refers to(in the individual, personal sense) refers tothe recognition and acknowledgement of the Holy Prophet asthe recognition and acknowledgement of the Holy Prophet as

the exemplary leader and personality for both man and woman.the exemplary leader and personality for both man and woman.

IslamizationIslamization (in the collective, social historical sense) it(in the collective, social historical sense) itrefers to the Community (ummah)s striving towards realizationrefers to the Community (ummah)s striving towards realization

of the moral and ethical perfection achieved during the age ofof the moral and ethical perfection achieved during the age of

the Holy Prophet.the Holy Prophet.



22/26

22


IslamizationIslamization (epistemologically) refers to the liberation(epistemologically) refers to the liberationof human intellect from doubt (shakk), conjecture (zann) andof human intellect from doubt (shakk), conjecture (zann) andvain argumentation (mira) to the attainment of certainty (yaqin)vain argumentation (mira) to the attainment of certainty (yaqin)of the truth (haqq) concerning spiritual, intelligible and materialof the truth (haqq) concerning spiritual, intelligible and materialrealities. The process for liberation depends:realities. The process for liberation depends:

- initially on scientific knowledge (ilmu pengetahuan) but it is- initially on scientific knowledge (ilmu pengetahuan) but it isalways ultimately founded in and guided by aalways ultimately founded in and guided by a special form ofspecial form of

knowledgeknowledge, marifah (ilmu pengenalan). This special form of, marifah (ilmu pengenalan). This special form ofknowledge includes fard ayn while the scientific ones includesknowledge includes fard ayn while the scientific ones includesfard kifaayah.fard kifaayah.



23/26

23


PROCESS: Islamization of contemporary knowledgePROCESS: Islamization of contemporary knowledgeinvolvesinvolves::

isolation of key elements and concepts that makeisolation of key elements and concepts that makeup Western culture and civilisation especially inup Western culture and civilisation especially inthe areas of interpretation of facts and formulationthe areas of interpretation of facts and formulation

of theoriesof theories the infusion of Islamic elements and keythe infusion of Islamic elements and key

concepts in every branch of the relevant present-concepts in every branch of the relevant present-day knowledge.day knowledge.



24/26

24

ISLAMIZATIONISLAMIZATION

: some cautionary notes: some cautionary notes

PROCESS: Islamization of contemporary knowledgePROCESS: Islamization of contemporary knowledge::

When we speak of intelligible forms being in the mind, orWhen we speak of intelligible forms being in the mind, orimages being in the cognitive imagination, we do not meanimages being in the cognitive imagination, we do not meanthese forms or images are contained in them; it is ratherthese forms or images are contained in them; it is ratherthat they are constructions of the intellect or mind during thethat they are constructions of the intellect or mind during the

course of its intellection of them such that they are presentcourse of its intellection of them such that they are presentto the intellect, and hence referred to as being in the mind;to the intellect, and hence referred to as being in the mind;and productions of the cognitive imagination as it involvesand productions of the cognitive imagination as it involvesitself in projecting the sensible world.itself in projecting the sensible world.



25/26

25

ISLAMIZATIONISLAMIZATION: some cautionary notes: some cautionary notes

PROCESS: Islamization of contemporary knowledgePROCESS: Islamization of contemporary knowledge::

Some of the less careful readers might think of IslamizationSome of the less careful readers might think of Islamizationas a process of doing something to external objects andas a process of doing something to external objects andhence they speak of Islamic bicycles, Islamic trains, andhence they speak of Islamic bicycles, Islamic trains, andeven Islamic bombs!even Islamic bombs!

On a slightly more sophisticated level, some of these people,On a slightly more sophisticated level, some of these people,

who are obviously unable to free themselves from thewho are obviously unable to free themselves from thedualistic perspective, assign low priority to the developmentdualistic perspective, assign low priority to the developmentof proper Islamic scholars and thinkers in different fields;of proper Islamic scholars and thinkers in different fields;they rather give overwhelming stress to the development ofthey rather give overwhelming stress to the development ofinstitutions, as if these institutions can be properlyinstitutions, as if these institutions can be properlyestablished and sustained without the participation of ableestablished and sustained without the participation of able

and creative scholars and thinkers!and creative scholars and thinkers!2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail


26/26

26

ISLAMIZATIONISLAMIZATION: some cautionary notes: some cautionary notes

PROCESS: Islamization of contemporary knowledgePROCESS: Islamization of contemporary knowledge ::

It should be stressed that dewesternization andIt should be stressed that dewesternization andIslamization of knowledge are cognitive and spiritual actsIslamization of knowledge are cognitive and spiritual actsand happen simultaneously without temporal gap.and happen simultaneously without temporal gap.Furthermore, before one can isolate and take out theFurthermore, before one can isolate and take out the

unIslamic, Western or foreign ideas and concepts, one mustunIslamic, Western or foreign ideas and concepts, one mustfirst be able to identify them as well as have a profoundfirst be able to identify them as well as have a profoundgrasp of the Islamic worldview with all its key elements andgrasp of the Islamic worldview with all its key elements andconcepts. .concepts. .

Orientation for Muslim Educators1(2008)SCRIBD

Documents

Transcript of Orientation for Muslim Educators1(2008)SCRIBD