Organizing Internet Resources

OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project

-- funded by the Department of Education

-- from October 1, 1994 to March 31, 1996.

-- Participating libraries will identify, select, and catalog Internet accessible electronic information objects.

OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project This project was designed to:1. facilitate the rapid creation of a database of

USMARC format bibliographic records for remotely accessible electronic files through a coordinated, cooperative nationwide effort involving OCLC, college and university libraries, and repositories of electronic information.

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OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project This project was designed to:2. provide widespread access to this catalog of

items via the OCLC Online Union Catalog, the OCLC FirstSearch system, and a specially created database with access to all Internet users.

3. complete the links between coded location and access data in the bibliographic records (USMARC field 856) and the objects themselves by facilitating automated file transfer to the user or other access methods.

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OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project Purposes:1. There is a great deal of valuable information

available through the Internet.

2. These resources need to be organized for accessibility.

3. Using existing library techniques and procedures and creating records for retrieval through existing online catalogs.

OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project Goals:1. Build a national database of MARC records for

selected Internet resources.

2. Provide access to this catalog via OCLC, FirstSearch, and the Internet itself.

3. Create a link between the 856 (location & access) field and the resources themselves.

OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project Useful URLs:1. NetFirst:http://www.oclc.org/oclc/netfirst/

2. Olson, Nancy (Ed.). (1997). “Cataloging Internet Resources: A Manual and Practical Guide.” 2nd ed. http://www.purl.org/oclc/cataloging-internet

3. PURL: http://purl.oclc.org

4. OCLC: http://www.oclc.org

5.http://www.oclc.org/oclc/research/projects/intercat.htm

OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project Cataloging Standards:1. MARC format

2. AACR2R

3. All records need to include 856 field "Electronic Location and Access" field.

Issues Related to Cataloging

Internet Resources 1. Ownership vs. access

2. The role of AACR2 in networked environment

3. Interface issues

4. Collection development for Internet resources

5. Workflow

6. Shift of responsibilities

7. Policy or criteria for selecting Internet resources

8. Training, etc.

InterCat (purl.org/net/intercat)

InterCat is an experimental, proof-of-concept database initiated during the 1994-1996 U.S. Department of Education-funded project, “Building a Catalog of Internet Resources.”

January 2000 92,000 records

1997 14,813 records

1996 5,928 records

1995 2,550 records

MARC Systems

•Primary purpose: automate bibliographic record processing

•Standard: MARC - AACR2

•MARC Record Processing System–input: MARC editor with embedded AACR2–MARC database management software for file creation and indexing–Z39.50 retrieval for OPAC display–MARC only works for library environment

Markup Systems TEI and SGML

•Purpose: act as title page for electronic documents

•Standard: AACR2

•SGML software for processing–editing software for inputting–Generalized file management system–SGML publishing software for output and converters for Web display

Markup Systems Dublin Core & HTML, XML

•Purpose: Resource Description on Web

•Standard: Dublin Core– HTML, XML tag sets

•Generic Web Tools for Processing–Web browser input forms–Web servers and indexers for file management–Web browser for retrieval and display–XML is for Web environment.

Metadata and the Internet

March 1995. OCLC sponsored a Metadata workshop

Goal: develop an agreed upon set of elements that could be used to describe virtually any type of electronic document. This set of descriptive elements would complement other methods of describing Internet resources (cataloging records, automatic indexing), not to replace them. These descriptive elements are referred to as metadata (data about data).

Metadata and the Internet

Metadata will act as a surrogate for the document itself, much in the same way a cataloging card acts as a representation of the book.

Elements for the core descriptive set were chosen that can be expanded and extended to cover a variety of different Internet resources.

Metadata and the Internet

Fifteen core descriptive elements were chosen. These core elements were referred to as the Dublin Core:

1. Title

2. Author/Creator

3. Subject/Keywords

4. Description

5. Publisher

6. Other contributor

Metadata and the Internet 7. Date

8. Resource Type

9. Format

10. Resource Identifier

11. Source

12. Language

13. Relation

14. Coverage

15. Rights Management

Metadata and the Internet

Metadata workshops and related events have taken place all over the world each year.

Problems with Metadata

Metadata and the Internet

Additional information on Dublin Core:

Dublin Core Homepage

http://purl.org/metadata/dublin_core

Matadate Editors:

Dublin Core Metadata Template

http://www.lub.lu.se/cgi-bin/nmdc.pl

Metadata and the Internet Additional information on Dublin Core:

Matadate Editors:

DC.dot NewsAgent Dublin Core Generator

http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/metadata/newsagent/dc/

Automated Classification

Project Scorpion

http://purl.org/scorpion

Metadata and the Internet

Web Page Builder

Iowa State University

http://www.lib.iastate.edu/demo/cat/menu.html

What will be retrieved is a list of Web resources displayed in a homepage format.

Persistent URLs (PURLs) PURL: http://purl.oclc.org

PURLs provide URL redirection

PURLs are URLs in form and function

Based on widely developed Internet standards:

TCP/IP

DNS

HTTP

URL

Resources for Cataloging Internet Resources

• AACR2• MARC• 2. Olson, Nancy (Ed.). (1997).

“Cataloging Internet Resources: A Manual and Practical Guide.” 2nd ed. http://www.purl.org/oclc/cataloging-internet

• 3. PURL: http://purl.oclc.org

Resources for Cataloging Internet Resources

ISBD(ER)• http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/pubs/isbd2.htm#3• Guidelines for the Use of Field 856 • http://www.loc.gov/marc/856guide.html• Cataloging Electronic Resources:• OCLC-MARC Coding Guidelines• http://www.oclc.org/oclc/cataloging/type.htm

Recent OCLC Project

CORC--Cooperative Online Resource Catalog

http://www.oclc.org/oclc/corc/index.htm

CORC is a research project exploring the

cooperative creation and sharing of metadata

by libraries.

Recent OCLC Project

CORC is designed to help both libraries and

OCLC to move more quickly in coping with the

huge amount of materials becoming available

on the World Wide Web.

Recent OCLC Project

CORC is a Web-based service being

developed by OCLC in partnership with

several hundred volunteer libraries. The databases and tools that compose CORC are designed to assist libraries inproviding their users with well-guided access to Web resources.

Recent OCLC Project

CORC offers four searchable databases:

CORC Resource Record Database

CORC Authority Database

CORC Pathfinder Database

Dewey Decimal Classification Database

Recent OCLC Project

CORC's tools are based on cutting edge technologies developed by OCLC and support:

1. Rapid, automation-assisted creation of resource records (i.e. bibliographic records).

2. Automatic assignment of suggested Dewey Decimal classification numbers and subclassification numbers.

3. Automatic assignment of suggested keywords for retrieval.

Recent OCLC Project

4. Automated authority control.

5. Cooperative, automation-assisted maintenance of URL's in resource records.

6. Advanced tools for creating/editing digital pathfinders (HTML pages of narrative and links to resources).

Recent OCLC Project

With CORC, library staff can create, edit, import, and

export:

1. Resource records (a record describing a resource - the same record can be presented in the user's choice of OCLC- MARC or Dublin Core), or,

2. Digital pathfinders (which may be built quickly through the reuse of resource records in the CORC Resource Record Database).

3. (Coming soon) authority records.

Recent OCLC Project

The differences among CORC, NetFirst and

InterCat.InterCat was a project to encourage and investigate

cataloging Web resources in WorldCat. Because the legacy OCLC Cataloging service was used, all records had to be acceptable OCLC MARC. A database of WorldCat records that have OCLC MARC 856 fields (currently about 92,000 records) is still being maintained and is publicly available, but the project itself is not active.

Recent OCLC Project

NetFirst is a database of Web resources

available via the OCLC FirstSearch and OCLC Cataloging services. OCLC staff create what are basically abstracting and indexing (A&I) records, although they do include LC subject headings andDDC class numbers.

Recent OCLC Project

CORC is a leading edge, Web-based service that helps libraries provide well-guided access to Web resources using new, automated tools and library cooperation.

Recent OCLC Project

CORC is a natural extension of the InterCat

and NetFirst efforts and takes advantage of newer technology to create an optimized metadata creation service. OCLC seeded the CORC database with records from the InterCat and NetFirst projects and encourage all InterCat participants to become CORC users.