Organization of Man

1. FAMILY units

2. Families band together to form TRIBES

3. Tribes cease being NOMATIC

4. CIVILIZATIONS begin to form

Characteristics of a Civilization

1. Written Language

2. Organized Government

3. Complex Religion

4. Development of Trade/Economy

5. Development of Specialized Skills and Occupations.

Two Major Early European Civilizations

• Greece6000 BCE-30 BCE

• Rome»450 BC – 550 AD

– Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) 550 ACE-1500ACE

city-states

Acropolis

Nike and Athena

Nike - Victory

Athena

Wisdom

GOLDEN AGE260 BCE-432 BCE

• Arts Flourish• “Relative” Peace• Surplus Food• Science• Thinking-Philosophy

500 BC

400 BC

300 BC

200 BC

100 BC

1

BC

1

AD

Architecture and Drama

Masks of Comedy and Tragedy

The Iliad

Recorded History and Poetry

Recorded history and literature

Leader in the Golden Age

Elements present which can account for the Downfall of Civilizations

1. Wars—Civil and Attacks from the outside—Peloponnesian Wars-Sparta vs. Athens. Sparta wins 1, Athens wins 2

2. Diseases—Athenian Plague3. Greed4. Corruption5. Moral Decay—Socrates, teacher, forced to

poison himself. Charged with corrupting the youth of Athens

Macedonian that spread Greek culture

Beginnings of Rome-700-800 BCE-Rome was shepherds on hills

Characteristics of a Civilization

1. Written Language

2. Organized Government

3. Complex Religion

4. Development of Trade/Economy

5. Development of Specialized Skills and Occupations.

Aqueduct—Roman infrastructure-engineering/science

Created the arch with keystone that is used today

COLOSSEUM-

Circus MaximusNotice the columns and arches.

Roman Roads

Still around today-Appian way

Gladiators and Chariot Races

Monotheism

• Judaism• 2000 BCE on Mt.

Sinai the tallest mountain on the Sinai Peninsula 2, 285m.

• Covenant between God and Israelites through AbrahamMt.

Sinai

Monotheism

• Christianity• 1 – 36 ACE in

Bethlehem. Part of the Roman Empire.

• Birth of Jesus who is the Messiah which translates as “anticipated King”

Monotheism

• Islam• 570-615 ACE Mecca

and Medina, Saudi Arabia

• Ascended to heaven in Jerusalem

• Muhammad is the founder and last prophet of God.

300 BCE

200 BCE

100 BCE

Pax

Romana

27 BCE-

180 ACE

100 ACE

200 ACE

Golden Age of Rome—Peace of Rome

Size at the height of the Roman Empire

Elements present which can account for the Downfall of Civilizations

1. Wars—Civil and Attacks from the outside—Barbarian tribes-Vandals, Goths, Visagoths

2. Diseases—3. Greed—heavy taxes to support the

“Party”4. Corruption—every one wanted to be in

Rome to “Party”5. Moral Decay-weak selfish rulers, Rome

began as a democracy, but ended as a dictatorship.

Split of the Roman Empire

Pink-Byzantine Empire

Green-Beginnings of the Holy Roman Empire-It’s different from the Roman Empire

• Chaos and anarchy-disorganization and lack of stable government.

• Feudalism-established to give protection to individuals in exchange for loyalty

• Feudalism gave way to Monarchy

• Roman Catholic Church, Pope, was a political power as well as spiritual leader

• Problems with Persian Empire and then the Ottoman Turks

• Learning-art, science- continued

• Eastern Orthodox Christians began when Christianity split shortly after the Roman Empire Split

• After 700 years they fell.

West---Middle Ages 500-1300 East---Byzantine Empire-500-1200

AGE OF EXPLORATION BEGINS IN THE 1300’S

RENAISSANCE BEGINS

• RENAISSANCE—REBIRTH

• REBIRTH OF WHAT?• THINKING• EXPERIMENTATION• MOVEMENT IN

STATUS• HUMANISM• SCIENCE

End of:

1. POWER OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH

2. IGNORANCE

3. STATIC SOCIETY

4. CLOTHES ON STATUES =)

Quote To Think About and Apply

“ABSOLUTE POWER CORRUPTS ABSOLUTELY”