Organic Sugarcane Farming

8/6/2019 Organic Sugarcane Farming

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ORGANIC SUGARCANEFARMING

Is i t Doable, Sust ainable

andRepl icable?


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Organic Definition:Organic Definition: Philippine National StandardsPhilippine National Standards

Crop production in organic agriculture is a holistic productionmanagement systems, which promotes and enhances agro ecosystemhealth, including biodiversity, biological cycles, and soil biologicalactivity. It emphasizes the use of management practices in preferenceto the use of off-farm inputs, taking into account that regional conditionsrequire locally adapted systems.

This is accomplished by using, where possible, cultural, biologicaland mechanical methods, as opposed to using synthetic materials, orfulfill any specific function within the system. An organic crop production

system is designed to:

Enhance biological diversity within the whole system; Increase soil biological activity Maintain long-term fertility; Recycle wastes of plant and animal origin in order to return nutrient to

the land, thus minimizing the use of non-renewable resources; Rely on renewable resources in locally organized agricultural systems; Promote the healthy use of soil, water and air as well as minimize all

forms of pollution thereto that may result from agricultural practices;


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Proponents H istoryProponents H istoryThe proponent took over a corporate farm beginning crop year

2002-2003 with a sugarcane planted area of approximately 500 H,located in various sites in North Negros Occidental.

The farms had no operating crop loans and were in cumulativedebt for 3 consecutive crop years.

Having no capital to purchase fertilizers, herbicides, pesticidesand other chemicals was the primary factor in the immediate shiftfrom conventional farming systems to organic and natural.

Initial studies and usage of industrial waste, (mudpress, millash,slops, carbonated lime,) indigenous sources of natural minerals,

(rock phosphates, guano, dolomites, lime, carbonized rice hull) havebeen incorporated with natural farming systems (IMO, FPJ) Bio-Dynamics, (Timing, Tides) and eventually was synthesized withmicrobiology, hormone therapy and trace element usages.

This is our story.


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COMPOST RAWCOMPOST RAW

MATERIALSMATERIALS PLANT ORIGINPLANT ORIGIN

MudpressMudpress

Mill AshMill Ash

VermicastVermicast/Compost/Compost

Carbonized RHCarbonized RH

Sugarcane TopsSugarcane Tops

Shredded BioShredded Bio--MassMass

ANIMAL ORIGINANIMAL ORIGIN

Chicken ManureChicken Manure

Hog ManureHog Manure

Cattle ManureCattle Manure

CarabaoCarabao ManureManure Except HumanExcept Human


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Compost Formulation Grid for SugarcaneCompost Formulation Grid for Sugarcane

nn Based on the availability of Raw MatsBased on the availability of Raw Mats

nn To Produce BioTo Produce Bio--FormulatedFormulated VermiVermi Reinforced CompostReinforced Compostnn Based on the Nutrient Uptake of the CropBased on the Nutrient Uptake of the Crop

No of Bags

Raw Material A B C

Mill Ash 10 8 Carbon/Potassium Source

Mudpress 7 5 Organic Matter, TE

Pre-Mix 3 3 3 PSB,NSB, P, Mg, Ca, TE, OA

Bacterial Packs (2) (2) (2) Free Living, Asso, Endo

VermiCast 2 2 OM, TE, NFBs, Enhance MA

Manure 4 2

CRH 7

Bio-Mass 4

Total 20 20 20


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Stockpiling and PreStockpiling and Pre--Decomposition of Raw MaterialsDecomposition of Raw Materials


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Collection and bagging of Pre-Decomposed Raw Materials: Mill Ash


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o ec on an agg ng o u press


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au ng o aw ater a s to t e x ng rea


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au ng o aw a er a s


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e g ng o aw ater a s


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Full Layering in Rotary Mixer


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Layering of Mudpress on top of Mill Ash


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Full Layering of Mudpress


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VermiVermi--CompostCompost


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Vermi2Vermi2


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Vermi3Vermi3


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Manure PigManure Pig


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Pig2Pig2


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Septic TankSeptic Tank


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Liquid WasteLiquid Waste


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Waste DisposalWaste Disposal


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Waste Disposal 2Waste Disposal 2


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The Premix: Contains all TE, Organic Acids, Bacteria, P, Ca, Mg,


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Layering of Premix


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Full Layering of Pre-Mix


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o ary x ng o aw a er a s


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Mixing: Elapsed Time 3 min


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Completed Mix: Elapsed Time 5 min:


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Bagging of Compost: Ready to Use: Best after 2 wks Curing Period


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Loading to Trucks


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Recommended Compost Dosage per H ectareRecommended Compost Dosage per H ectare

nn YearYear AmountsAmounts Notes:Notes:

11 5 T w/ 4 Bags Urea and5 T w/ 4 Bags Urea and FoliarsFoliars

2 4 T w/ 2 Bags Urea and2 4 T w/ 2 Bags Urea and FoliarsFoliars

3 3 T w/3 3 T w/ FoliarsFoliars onlyonly


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Compost Deliveredto PlantingMachine, loadedfor Mechanicaldistribution.Manual Applicationis done afterfurrowing before

planting

Delivery of CompostDelivery of Compost


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Mechanical Application of Compost: 5 tons per hectare


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Planting on top of the Compost and immediately covered


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Guidelines on Compost ApplicationGuidelines on Compost Application

nn Keep compost away from direct exposure to sunlight for longKeep compost away from direct exposure to sunlight for longperiods of time. UV light can kill the beneficial bacteria or cperiods of time. UV light can kill the beneficial bacteria or causeausethe compost to dry.the compost to dry.

nn Insure that the compost is below or at the side of the cane poinInsure that the compost is below or at the side of the cane points.ts.The root zone is where the associative and free living bacteriaThe root zone is where the associative and free living bacteria isismost active.most active.

nn For New Crops Basal application in furrows is recommended.For New Crops Basal application in furrows is recommended.nn ForFor RatoonRatoon crops offcrops off--bar rows then apply compost, cover w hoe orbar rows then apply compost, cover w hoe or

close w implements.close w implements.nn For Best Results use compost within 6 months after mixing. TheFor Best Results use compost within 6 months after mixing. The

beneficial bacteria is most active during those period.beneficial bacteria is most active during those period.nn Keep a moisture content of not less than 20%, the bacteria needKeep a moisture content of not less than 20%, the bacteria needss

water.water.nn Not all compost are created equal. The most effective compost iNot all compost are created equal. The most effective compost iss

that which answers the nutrient requirements of each crop.that which answers the nutrient requirements of each crop.Compost are CROPCompost are CROP--SPECIFICSPECIFIC..


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USE OF FOLIARS INUSE OF FOLIARS IN

SUGARCANE CULTURESUGARCANE CULTUREnn We useWe use foliarsfoliars because of the very nature of compost. It is abecause of the very nature of compost. It is a

slow release type of nutrient provider andslow release type of nutrient provider and foliarsfoliars provide a fasterprovide a fasterinfusion of nutrients during the early stages of growth.infusion of nutrients during the early stages of growth.

nn FoliarsFoliars talk to the plants. Organic hormones are incorporated totalk to the plants. Organic hormones are incorporated to

target the hormonal windows of the crops. The necessarytarget the hormonal windows of the crops. The necessaryorganic acids, trace elements for the specific stage of the croporganic acids, trace elements for the specific stage of the cropcan be given on demand. I.e. You can tell the crop that it is tcan be given on demand. I.e. You can tell the crop that it is timeimefor rooting andfor rooting and tilleringtillering, or cell elongation, or cell division or, or cell elongation, or cell division ormaturity, or to fight stress conditions.maturity, or to fight stress conditions.

nn FoliarsFoliars are generally derived from plant (ex. Seaweeds) or animalare generally derived from plant (ex. Seaweeds) or animal

(fish) extracts thru fermentation or other processes.(fish) extracts thru fermentation or other processes.nn FoliarsFoliars are then CROP STAGE SPECIFIC.are then CROP STAGE SPECIFIC.


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FOLIARS AND PROBIOTICSFOLIARS AND PROBIOTICS

nn FOLIARS: Dilution 1:200FOLIARS: Dilution 1:200

nn Stimulator: For GrowthStimulator: For GrowthMaintenance, ImprovedMaintenance, Improvedphotosynthesisphotosynthesis

nn Booster: For Cell Elongation. Stalk,Booster: For Cell Elongation. Stalk,leaf formation,leaf formation,

nn Enhancer: For Cell Division,Enhancer: For Cell Division,resistance, stronger stalks, Nitrateresistance, stronger stalks, NitrateBalancingBalancing

nn Protect: Rooting,Protect: Rooting, TilleringTillering andandAntiAnti--Stress. Acquired systemicStress. Acquired systemicresistanceresistance

nn Compost Tea: For Flowering andCompost Tea: For Flowering andprevention of floral abortion andprevention of floral abortion andfruit dropfruit drop

nn ProbioticsProbiotics: Dilution: 1:500: Dilution: 1:500

nn P1 For DecompositionP1 For Decomposition

nn P2 For CompetitiveP2 For CompetitiveExclusionExclusion

nn P3 For Animal Use,P3 For Animal Use,conversion of proteins intoconversion of proteins intoAmino Acids, better nutrientAmino Acids, better nutrientabsorption and strongerabsorption and strongerimmune systemimmune system

nn

P4 For Lactating Hogs andP4 For Lactating Hogs andpoultrypoultry

nn P5 For Odor ControlP5 For Odor Control

nn P6 For Fly, MosquitoP6 For Fly, MosquitoControlControl


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Pictures ofPictures ofProbioticsProbiotics andand FoliarsFoliars

Stimulator


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General Foliar Application GuideGeneral Foliar Application Guide

nn DiluteDilute foliarsfoliars with nonwith non--chlorinated water. It may kill thechlorinated water. It may kill themicro organisms present.micro organisms present.

nn Observe proper dilutionObserve proper dilution i.ei.e 1:2001:200

nn Spray the leaf sheaths, underside of the leaves, stalksSpray the leaf sheaths, underside of the leaves, stalksand baseand base

nn For better effect at least three hours of sunlight afterFor better effect at least three hours of sunlight afterspraying is neededspraying is needed

nn FoliarsFoliars work best only when there is proper moisture inwork best only when there is proper moisture inthe soilthe soil

nn Use the right foliar at the right timeUse the right foliar at the right time


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A Pictorial Guide to Foliar SprayingA Pictorial Guide to Foliar Spraying

Weighing

Mixing

Loading

Containerizing

Loading and

Preparation


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Multi Row SprayerMulti Row Sprayer


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Details of SprayerDetails of Sprayer


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Spraying FieldsSpraying Fields


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Spraying Fields2Spraying Fields2


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Fields after Spraying 3rdFields after Spraying 3rd


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44thth Spraying 2 monthsSpraying 2 months


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Rocky SoilRocky Soil


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Double RowDouble Row


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55thth SprayingSpraying


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66thth SprayingSpraying


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MillingMilling


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MillingMilling


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Production Report TonnageProduction Report Tonnage

Had. Lourdes,Had. Lourdes, SagaySagay

Comparative 5 Yrs. 2002Comparative 5 Yrs. 2002--20062006Lowest Performing FieldsLowest Performing Fields

82.5504643340.8390A

68494842333.1491

80494842331.4219A70484840323.0273-77

67504741343.4194-99

83504743341.2237-90

69504641335.2481-82

77484840355.2426-27

71484545381.8816

69484538323.0622

20062005200420032002AreaFieldNo.


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Production ReportProduction Report LkgLkg H ad. Lourdes,Had. Lourdes, SagaySagay

Comparative 5 Yrs. 2002Comparative 5 Yrs. 2002--20062006Lowest Performing FieldsLowest Performing Fields

177908174570.8390A

125848171543.1491

145838471541.4219A

135848372563.0273-77

166878372583.4194-99

157908275581.2237-90

138908072565.2481-82

140848568585.2426-27

135858070551.8816

137868068563.0622

20062005200420032002AreaFieldNo.


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N otes on Production DataN otes on Production Data

nn Proponent took over 2003Proponent took over 2003--2004 Crop year2004 Crop year

nn !!stst Year was characterized by use of mudpress andYear was characterized by use of mudpress andmillash on selected fields at the rate of 7t/ hmillash on selected fields at the rate of 7t/ h

nn 22ndnd Year (2004) marked the beginning of compostYear (2004) marked the beginning of compostproduction at the rate of 60 bags/ h but with 6 bagsproduction at the rate of 60 bags/ h but with 6 bagsureaurea

nn 33rdrd Year (2005) this was the consistent use of compostYear (2005) this was the consistent use of compostin all fields at the rate of 5t per hectare but with twoin all fields at the rate of 5t per hectare but with two

bags Ureabags Ureann 44thth Year (2006) still 5tons compost on all fields withYear (2006) still 5tons compost on all fields with

foliar supplements one a month.foliar supplements one a month.


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Organic Farming is Doable


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Is Organic Farm ing

Susta inable?


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Per HectareProductionCost

Product ion Cos t Per Hectare Yr . 2006

Assum ptions : Ow ned Land and Equ ipmen t

Com post and Fo l ia rs a t Marke t Cos t

K ind of W ork C os t M ech anica l M an ual

La nd P rep aration : 267 6

C ane poin ts 317 2

P lant in g 7 65 1 575

C om p ost 1 000 0

C om p ost A pp lica tio n 60 0

W eed ing /.Cu lt iva tio n 7 44 1 600

C ost o f Fo lia r 300 0

C ost o f Fo lia r A p pica tio n 52 5

M ill ing 800 0

To ta l D ire ct C os t 2 797 3 29 482 29 560

Add :

A d m in strative 250 0

R epa irs /M ain ten ance 300 0

M isce llane ous 200 0

S u b-Tota l 750 0

Grand To ta l 36 982 37 060


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BreakBreak Even AnalysisEven Analysis

BreakBreak--Even Volume:Even Volume: Price at P 1100.00/lkgPrice at P 1100.00/lkg

68% Net Planters Share68% Net Planters Share

Cost of Production: P 37060.00Cost of Production: P 37060.00

37087/.68 = 54500 / 1100 =37087/.68 = 54500 / 1100 =

5050 lkglkg Gross ProductionGross Production

BreakBreak--Even PriceEven Price::

Production at 100lkg per hectareProduction at 100lkg per hectare

54540 / 100 =54540 / 100 =

P 545.00 perP 545.00 per lkglkg


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Is it Sustainable?Is it Sustainable?

World Trends: Ethanol, China demand, climactic factors, pharmaceuticals,point to a strong demand for sugar in the years to come.

Health Concerns: Organic markets are presently valued at USD 25B and isgrowing at more than 12% per annum. Researchers have proven thatorganically grown products have higher nutrient values and less harmfulcontents compared to commercially grown crops.

The use of indigenous materials, local in the region makes organicproduction cheaper than conventional systems that are dependent on thesteadily rising cost of non-renewable imported oil.

Environmental Factors: Bio-diversity, pollution control, recycling, improvedsoil microbial activity, zero waste or zero environmental impact arecomponents of organic farming.

Yes it is sustainable and I am not going back to conventional farming.

I i R li bl ?


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Is it Replicable?Is it Replicable?

nnYou answer thatYou answer that

Thank You and God Bless

Organic Sugarcane Farming

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