Orchestra Symbols - Violin
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! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! # ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! # ! ! ! ! ! Note Rest Length British name American name 4 crotchets semibreve whole note 2 crotchets minim half note 1 crotchet crotchet quarter note ½ crotchet quaver eighth note ¼ crotchet semiquaver sixteenth note Note modifier Name Effect # sharp makes a note higher (move finger towards bridge) § natural cancels a previous sharp or flat b flat makes a note lower (move finger towards scroll) • (to right of note) dot makes a note or rest 50% longer – a ʻdotted minimʼ – takes 3 crotchet beats – a ʻdotted crotchetʼ – takes 1½ crotchet beats ! down bow start bow at the heel (the square end) ! up bow start bow at the tip (the pointy end) Tim me s signa atures Exc ception The The e top e bo p nu ottom umber gives the numb m number gives the n ber o note of beats in each bar. in each beat. If the is us e bottom number is 8 (quaver), the beat sually a dotted crotchet (3 quavers). ! ! or ! 4 crotchet beats in each bar ! " 3 crotchet beats in each bar ! " 2 dotted crotchet beats in each bar ! ! or ! 2 minim beats in each bar ! " 2 crotchet beats in each bar ! " 1 dotted crotchet beat in each bar Pitch ! G " A " B " C " D " E " F " G " A " B " C " D " E " F " G " A " D Major scale D Major arpeggio ! " " " # " " " " # " " # " " " " # " " ! " " # " " " " # " D Harmonic Minor scale D Melodic Minor scale ! " " " " " " # " $ " " $ " # " " " " " ! " " " " " " # " $ " " # " % " " " " " Orchestra Symbols Violin page 1 Copyright © 2009 Launceston Youth and Community Orchestra Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Australia License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/au/ , or write to Creative Commons, 171 2nd Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. This document is available from the LYCO Sheet Music Archive (http://sheetmusic.lyco.org.au ). Revised 19/03/2009.
Transcript of Orchestra Symbols - Violin
! !
! ! !
! ! !
!" !# ! ! ! ! !
!" !# ! ! ! ! !
Note Rest Length British name American name
4 crotchets semibreve whole note
2 crotchets minim half note
1 crotchet crotchet quarter note
½ crotchet quaver eighth note
¼ crotchet semiquaver sixteenth note
Note modifier Name Effect# sharp makes a note higher (move finger towards bridge)§ natural cancels a previous sharp or flatb flat makes a note lower (move finger towards scroll)
• (to right of note) dot makes a note or rest 50% longer – a ʻdotted minimʼ – takes 3 crotchet beats – a ʻdotted crotchetʼ – takes 1½ crotchet beats
! down bow start bow at the heel (the square end)! up bow start bow at the tip (the pointy end)
Time signaturesTime signaturesTime signaturesTime signaturesTime signaturesTime signatures ExceptionExceptionThe top number gives the number of beats in each bar. The bottom number gives the note in each beat. The top number gives the number of beats in each bar. The bottom number gives the note in each beat. The top number gives the number of beats in each bar. The bottom number gives the note in each beat. The top number gives the number of beats in each bar. The bottom number gives the note in each beat. The top number gives the number of beats in each bar. The bottom number gives the note in each beat. The top number gives the number of beats in each bar. The bottom number gives the note in each beat.
If the bottom number is 8 (quaver), the beat is usually a dotted crotchet (3 quavers).If the bottom number is 8 (quaver), the beat is usually a dotted crotchet (3 quavers).!! or ! 4 crotchet beats
in each bar!" 3 crotchet beats
in each bar!" 2 dotted crotchet beats
in each bar!! or ! 2 minim beatsin each bar
!" 2 crotchet beatsin each bar
!" 1 dotted crotchet beatin each bar
Pitch
!G"
A"
B
"C
"D
"E
"F
"G
"A
"B
"C
"D
"E
"F
"G
"A
"
D Major scale D Major arpeggio
! " " "# " " " "# " "# " " " "# " " ! " "# " " " "# "D Harmonic Minor scale D Melodic Minor scale
! " " " " " "# "$ " "$ "# " " " " " ! " " " " " "# "$ " "# "% " " " " "
Orchestra Symbols Violin page 1
Copyright © 2009 Launceston Youth and Community Orchestra Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Australia License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/au/, or write to Creative Commons, 171 2nd Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA.
This document is available from the LYCO Sheet Music Archive (http://sheetmusic.lyco.org.au). Revised 19/03/2009.
Dynamic Italian Abbreviation Meaningpp pianissimo very soft
p piano soft
mp mezzo piano moderately soft
mf mezzo forte moderately loud
f forte loud
ff fortissimo very loud
crescendo cresc. gradually become louderdiminuendo dim. gradually become softer
Tempo Italian Abbreviation Meaning! fermata pauseritenuto rit. held backaccelerando accel. speed up
Technique Italian Abbreviation Meaningarco bow the stringspizzicato pizz. pluck the strings
Structure Italian Abbreviation MeaningDa Capo D.C. return to the start, play to the endDa Capo al Fine D.C. al Fine return to the start, play to the FineDa Capo al Coda D.C. al Fine return to the start, play to the !
Dal Segno D.S. start from the !Dal Segno al Fine D.S. al Fine start from the ! , play to the fineDal Segno al Coda D.S. al Coda start from the ! , play to the !
Fine finish (only after you pass a D.C. al Fine or D.S. al Fine)! Segno sign (come back here after a Dal Segno)! To Coda tail (go from the ! in the music to the ! at the end,
only after you pass a D.C. al Coda or D.S. al coda)
Structure examples
!"Fine D.C. al Fine
# $ $ $ $ % $ $1. Play from the beginning
to the D.C. al Fine.2. Return to the beginning,
play to the Fine.
$ To Coda Ø D.S. al Coda Ø CODA
! " " " " " " ! #1. Play from the beginning
to the D.S. al Coda.2. Play from the ! to the
To Coda ! .3. Play from the ! Coda
to the end.
Orchestra Symbols Violin page 2
Copyright © 2009 Launceston Youth and Community Orchestra Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Australia License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/au/, or write to Creative Commons, 171 2nd Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA.
This document is available from the LYCO Sheet Music Archive (http://sheetmusic.lyco.org.au). Revised 19/03/2009.
