Oral Structures and Types of teeth
Transcript of Oral Structures and Types of teeth
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Oral Structures and Types of teeth
By:
Ms. Zain Malkawi, MSDH
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Introduction
• Oral structures are
essential in reflecting local
and systemic health
• Oral anatomy: a
fundamental of dental
sciences on which the oral
health care provider is
based.
• Oral anatomy used to
assess the relationship of
teeth, both within and
between the arches
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The color and morphology of the structures may
vary with genetic patterns and age.
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One Quadrant at the Dental Arches
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Parts of a Tooth
• Crown
• Root
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Parts of a Tooth
• Crown: part of the tooth
covered by enamel,
portion of the tooth visible
in the oral cavity.
• Root: part of the tooth
which covered by
cementum.
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• Posterior teeth • Anterior teeth
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Root
• Apex: rounded end of the root
• Periapex (periapical): area around the apex of a tooth
• Foramen: opening at the apex through which blood vessels and nerves enters
• Furcation: area of a two or three rooted tooth where the root divides
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Tooth Layers
• Enamel: the hardest calcified tissue covering the dentine in the crown of the tooth (96%) mineralized.
• Dentine: hard calcified tissue surrounding the pulp and underlying the enamel and cementum. Makes up the bulk of the tooth, (70%) mineralized.
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Tooth Layers
• Pulp: the innermost
noncalsified tissues
containing blood
vessels, lymphatics
and nerves
• Cementum: bone like
calcified tissue
covering the dentin in
the root of the tooth,
50% mineralized.
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Tooth Layers
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Tooth Surfaces
• Facial: Labial , Buccal
• Lingual: called palatal for upper arch.
• Proximal: mesial , distal
• Contact area: area where that touches the adjacent tooth in the same arch.
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• Incisal: surface of an incisor which toward the opposite arch, the biting surface, the newly erupted “permanent incisors have mamelons”: projections of enamel on this surface.
• Occlusal: surface of posterior teeth that is toward the opposite arch, the chewing surface.
Tooth Surfaces
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Tooth Sides
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One Quadrant at the Dental Arches
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Types of Teeth
• Primary Teeth (Deciduous Teeth)
• Permanent Teeth (Adult Teeth)
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The Primary Dentition
• Primary dentition (decidous) consists of 20
teeth, 8 incisors, 4 canines, and 8 molars.
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Primary Teeth (Dental arch)
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• The anatomy of the primary teeth is similar to that of permanent teeth except :
primary teeth are smaller in size
They are whiter
The crowns are shorter
The occlusal table is narrower faciolingually
Pulp chambers are larger
Roots are longer and slender
Root Trunk: area from the cementoenamel junction to the furcation are shorter
Have fewer anomalies and variations in tooth form
The Primary Dentition
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Permanent Dentition
• Consists of 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars and
12 molars
• Teeth have one, two, or three roots
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