Oracle8i New Feature Summary. 2 Database Technology Timeline Oracle Informix Sybase SQL Server Early...

Oracle8i New Feature Summary

2

Database Technology Timeline

Oracle

Informix

Sybase

SQLServer

Early 80s Late 80s Early 90s Late 90s

Pre-relational

Earlyrelational

Client-serverrelational

Enterprise- capablerelational

InternetGeneration

SimpleOLTP

ProgrammableDatabase

Data warehouse &hi-end OLTP

WebDatabase

Database as Application

Platform

3

The InternetOnline -- All the Time

Expanding markets– Time to market

– Greater reach

Retaining customers– Better service, anytime

– Lower costs

Universal access to data– Self service

Network

4

Oracle8i DatabaseMeeting the demanding requirements of the Internet

The Internet demands:

More availability

More scalability

More reliability

Richer content

Faster deployment

5

Oracle8iThe Database for Internet Computing

ApplicationDevelopment

Application Deployment

ContentManagement

Running Your Business Online

6

Oracle8i DatabaseThe Database for Internet Computing

Application Development

7

Business Problem:

Reducing Time-to-Market

Systems must be implemented more quickly and efficiently

New business models and processes require new application development paradigms

Programmer availability is limited, especially in specialized languages

8

Solution: Java™

An open, standards-based language

Provides complete portability Open, highly productive language Programmers are readily available Most application developers and

ISV’s are moving to Java-based solutions

9

Oracle’s Java PlatformDeploy Java where it’s most efficient

Compute- Intensive

Application Logic

Data-Intensive Application

Logic

Oracle ApplicationServer

Oracle8i Oracle JServer

Presentation Logic

300% Java Across All Tiers

BrowserBrowser

10

Oracle8i Java StrategyComprehensive Java support in the database

Enterprise-ready Java server platform to run Java applications

Standard programming interfaces to build Java applications

Component architecture models

11

Java VM in the DatabaseOracle JServer

Oracle JServer is a standard Java VM

• Designed to scale to tens of thousands of users

• Uses standard byte code for portability

Oracle JServer Accelerator* compiles to machine code for improved performance

Java VMPL/SQL Engine

Class Repository

SQL Engine

OracleOracle

*Scheduled to be available in 8.1.6

12

• 2 ways to access SQL

JDBC 2.0 Driver

SQLJ 1.0 Translator

• 3 protocols

Net8, HTTP, IIOP

• 4 programming models

Java Stored Procedures

Enterprise JavaBeans 1.0

CORBA 2.0

Java Server Pages

Java Programming ModelsOpen, standards compliant

Oracle8i

SQLPL/SQL

ORBORB

EJBEJBServicesServices

EJB TSEJB TS

Java VMJDBC SQLJ

CORBACORBAServicesServices

13

Component ArchitecturesSupport for Enterprise JavaBeans and CORBA

Oracle JServer supports both Corba and Enterprise JavaBeans component architectures

Visigenics’ CORBA 2.0 ORB integrated for IIOP communication

Oracle8i multithreaded Server architecture for scalability Oracle8i

14

Java Development Environment JDeveloper Version 2.0

Compile locally or in the database Write stored procedures and triggers Use a graphical wizard to create Enterprise JavaBeans Deploy EJBs in the database or in Oracle Application Serv

er

Oracle8i

Visually Deploy EJBs,JARs, Classes, and Java Source to the Database

Visually Deploy EJBs,JARs, Classes, and Java Source to the Database

15

Tight Integration with NTSupporting NT development and deployment

Windows NT Integration

– Appwizard for Visual Studio

– COM / DCOM integration

– Microsoft Transaction Server integration

– NT native authentication

16

Object Relational EnhancementsContinuing support for Objects

SQL*Loader support for objects

VARRAY storage Triggers on Object

View Nested Tables Temporary LOBs

Partitioned object tables Parallel DML on objects User-Defined Object IDs Nested tables in

IOTs, triggers Collection Unnesting

17

Other EnhancementsImproving Programming Functionality

Temporary tables

– Eases migration to Oracle

Autonomous transactions

– PL/SQL blocks can commit independently

Drop column

Invoker’s rights

– PL/SQL can now be called to run under the rights of the invoker’s schema

Extensibility Framework

– Can extend Oracle to support new datatypes

18


Content Management

19

Business Problem:

Web Requires Multi-Media Data

Existing specialty servers for different kinds of data

– Data isolation

– High cost of administration

– Scalability problems

– High training and support costs

Domain-SpecificData

Enterprise Data

SpecialtyServer

MISDatabaseDatabase

Apps.Apps.

SpecialtySpecialtyApps.Apps.

DatabaseServer

Over 90% of multimedia data is stored outside ANY database

20

Managing Multimedia Data Common datatype services

Oracle interMedia– Text– Image– Audio– Video– Locator

Oracle Spatial Oracle Time Series Oracle Visual Information Retrieval (VIR)

21

Oracle iFS: Internet File SystemSimplicity of a file system; benefits of database integration

Hierarchical file/folder structure, but stored in database

Context-based searching Value-added services

– distribution, versioning, check in/out, dynamic foldering, ...

Easier application development

Simpler access to all content

+

+

_

_

+

O:\

RDBMSTablesE-Mail

FilesHTML/XML

22

Oracle iFS for Data IntegrationIntegrate content with XML

Integrate and exchange any content

Structured XML data queryable from SQL

Unstructured XML is Context searchable

Database tables as XML

XMLParser

Any XML Data

HTTP

XMLRenderer

Structured XML Data

Unstructured XML Data

23

Business Problem: Rapid Deployment of Information

Enterprises need to empower their people

Cost of information distribution can be prohibitive

Development time-frames are long, often defeating the initial purpose

24

Oracle WebDBWeb-based development, deployment, and management

Allows end users to build, manage, and monitor web based applications

Wizards provide fast development

– Form Wizard

– Report Wizard

– Chart Wizard

– Menu Wizard

25

Oracle WebDBSelf-service, content driven web sites

Self-service, browser-based web site editing, document publishing, and file uploads

Decentralize web site management, while maintaining centralized control over the infrastructure

26


Application Deployment

27

Business Problem: Scalability, Availability, Integration

Manufacturing

Invoicing

OrderOrder

ShippedOrders

ShippedOrders

Orders on

BackorderOrders on

Backorder

Surging workloads require resource management Large user populations: scalability more important

than ever Availability more important than ever; the Internet is

“online--all the time” Applications need to be integrated

28

Managing Resources EffectivelyDatabase Resource Manager

• Database Resource Manager allocates resources to groups of users

– Manage mixed workloads and control system performance

– Allocates CPU and maximum degree of parallelism

Resource SchedulerResource Scheduler

High PriorityHigh Priority

Medium PriorityMedium Priority

Low PriorityLow Priority

Order Entry

Analyst (reports)

Batch Jobs

75% CPU

20% CPU

5% CPU

29

Oracle Parallel Server Consistent Read Cache Fusion

Blocks are not pinged to disk: they are directly transferred from cache to cache

Reduces overhead due to read/write contention

High scalability without specially designed applications

Node A

Node B

30

Oracle Parallel ServerDynamic Load Balancing

Client

Node Dispatchers

Node Dispatchers

Listener

Listener

Databases register with listeners when started Nodes report CPU usage back to registered listeners Listener chooses least used node when connection

is needed

CPU Load

CPU Load

31

Improved Standby DatabasesAutomated and Queryable

Automated transfer of logs from the production to standby database

– More than one standby possible Standby Database can be opened in read-

only mode

– Can now be used for query processing

Employee

Employee EmploEmplo

EXsdfeEXsdfe EXs

EXsAbcdAbcd

OLTP Database Standby/Query OnlyDatabase

32

Integrate Applications with MessagingAdvanced Queuing

Message Queuing is increasingly important Queues and messages integrate application processes Can be used to defer work to a later time Rules-based publish and subscribe model supported

Ship QueueOrder Entry

Shipping

Accounting

Invoice Queue

messagemessage

message

message

33

Business Problem:

Mass Deployment/Mobile Users

Field Sales

Corporate

Region 1 Region 2 Region 3



34

Improved ReplicationEffective and efficient management of many sites

Improved performance– Off-line instantiation

Templates provide easy mass deployment

– Packaged replication environments

– Allows easy deployment at each replicated environment

– Public and private templates maintain security

More functionality– Updatable column level subsetting

Support Call Centers

Sales

Sales and Support

Corporate

DeploymentTemplates

35

OAS 4

Mobile Client

Oracle8i

Browser Application

Application

Java

Oracle LiteAutomatic Replication

Mobile Internet Computing Applications written once, work in both modes

Data

Mobile Internet ComputingTake the Internet with You!

Application

36

Business Problem:

Enterprise Management Costs

Experienced DBA’s are difficult to find and often expensive

Size, number, and complexity of databases are increasing within enterprises

Security and auditing of transactions has become a priority

Installing and configuring databases needs to be simple and easy

37

Oracle Enterprise ManagerEasy to use console to manage the Oracle environment

38

Oracle Enterprise ManagerVersion 2 introduces major enhancements

AgentAgent

RepositoryRepository

Browser

OMSOMS

OMSOMS AgentAgent

AgentAgent

• OEM is now a Java-based application

• Multi-user system and shared repositories

• Dramatically increased scalability

NT or Unix Console

39

Security and User ManagementOracle Internet Directory

LDAP v3 integration SSL used for encryption

Provides single point of user management

Provides single point of user signon

OracleInternet

Directory

Users

OracleSecurityManager

OracleCertificate Authority

OracleWallet

Manager

Wallet

Wallet

Wallet

Wallet

Oracle8i

40

Fine-grained Access ControlSimplified implementation of row-level security

Security policies associated with tables or views

– Policies can't be circumvented, unlike security coded policies in applications

– Simpler than views

Limits data returned, by appending where clause

Application context can be used to carry session “variables”

– Cust_id, for example

SELECT *

FROM ORDERS;

SELECT *

FROM ORDERS;

SELECT *

FROM ORDERS

where cust_id = 123

SELECT *

FROM ORDERS

where cust_id = 123

OrdersTable

Original SQL

Security Policy appends WHERE criteria

41

View Transaction Log ContentsLogMiner

View contents of the transaction log files Can pinpoint when a transaction occurre

d and who did it LogMiner is an API that can access the l

og files– A table is populated with transaction data t

hat then can be queried

– Redo SQL and Undo SQL is available

42

Simplified InstallsOracle Universal Installer/Packager

Java-based; same look and feel on all platforms Easy-to-use, intuitive GUI tool Provides software packaging in Oracle Universal

Installer format Installs both Oracle and non-Oracle software

– Partner products can have same installation procedures

43

Simplified Database CreationDatabase Configuration Assistant

For database creation/deletion Pre-tuned starter database Hardware detection and interview Can be run in silent mode

– Parameter file used for input

– Easy to integrate with other software install routines

44

Other EnhancementsAvailability, Scalability, and Reliability Features

Online and restartable index builds and rebuilds– Table is not locked during index build

Database triggers– Startup, shutdown, DDL, server errors, etc.

Fast-start fault recovery

– DBAs can minimize the time to recover after failure

Execution plan stability

– Stores and reuses plans throughout database upgrades, schema changes, new statistics, etc.

45

Other EnhancementsMiscellaneous Features

N-tier authentication NLS linguistic indexes, EURO support,

Unicode improvements Secondary indexes on index-organized

tables Multiple archive log destinations New constraint DISABLE VALIDATE option Distributed query optimization

46

Other EnhancementsMiscellaneous Features

Simplified Oracle Parallel Server management– Wizards install software on all nodes participating in OPS configur

ation

– Single view of all nodes for easy management

Early detection and correction of data and disk corruption

New “locally managed” tablespaces prevent fragmentation

Recovery Manager enhancements

47


Running Your Business Online

48

Business Problem:

Large Table Admin and Performance

More data kept online, longer Data warehouses require high-

performance when summary data access is required

Data movement needs to be performed efficiently

49

Summary ManagementStoring Aggregated Data in Materialized Views

Quarter

Date

City

Sales

Month

Product

Year

Data pre-summarizedand automatically maintained by the database

Sum byCity

Sum byProduct

Sum byDay

Materialized Views

Queries are re-written automatically

50

Improving Query Performance Materialized Views

Materialized views are an instantiation of a SQL statement -- a view with data storage

Queries are transparently re-written to access materialized views

– May dramatically improve performance

Materialized views can be used for join indexes or summary management

51

Making Full Use of SummariesDimensions and Hierarchies

Year

Quarter

Month

Salesdate

WeekSeason

ALL

Dimensions and Hierarchies Dimensions and

hierarchies can be defined so that Oracle can rewrite queries

Summary tables can be used to satisfy queries that need ‘rollups’

52

Management of SummariesSummary Advisor

Summary Advisor

Datadictionaryinformation

Workloadinformation

SpaceRequirements

SummaryRecommendations

SummaryUsage

Summary advisor makes recommendations based on query usage

Allows DBAs to optimize disk costs to performance gains

53

Fast Data TransportationTransportable Tablespaces

Copy tablespaces from one database to another– Same OS, same DB version

– Use FTP, cp, or media (CD)

No loading, import/export of data required

Useful for exact copies of data, as opposed to subsets

Product Catalog

Headquarters Database

Branch Databases

CatalogCatalog

54

Fast and Direct Data LoadingDirect-path Load API

Input

Write

Stream

DirectLoad

Buffer Buffer

Table

Complete access to all load functionality via Oracle Call Interface (OCI) API

Partners and customers can program powerful load programs that load data via a stream instead of file

OracleDB2IMS

OCIprogram

55

Partitioning of Tables and IndexesImproves availability, manageability of large tables and indexes

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

ORDER table

01-JANto

31-MAR

01-APRto

30-JUN

01-JULto

30-SEP

01-OCTto

31-DEC

Partitions make VLDBs easier to manage Partitioning benefits system manageability, availability, and performance Partitioning is transparent to users and applications DBAs partition data depending on application characteristics

Range of values

56

Enhanced PartitioningHash partitioning

ORDER table

Insert rows into partition, based on hash of partition key

Good for data striping and parallel DML

Data partitioned, using hash algorithm

57

Enhanced PartitioningComposite partitioning

ORDER table

Best of both range and hash partitioning– Good for striping, parallel DML

– Manageability and availability of range partitioning

Partitioned by range, then hash

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

58

Enhanced PartitioningOther partitioning enhancements

Object tables and index-organized tables can be partitioned

Improved partition elimination– Queries that have IN predicates

Partition key can be updated Merge partition operation Partition-wise joins

– Significant performance improvements when joining on keys that have the same partitioning methods

59

Statistics ManagementCopying statistics between databases

CopyStatistics

CopyStatistics

Test

StatisticsStatisticsStatisticsStatistics

Production

Optimizer statistics can be extracted and moved to another database

– Test db can better model the production db: execution plans can be tuned on test db

60

Indexing ImprovementsMore indexing options

Function-based indexes– Indexes based on expressions or functions

Descending indexes– Useful when data is ordered in descending

order, sort will not be necessary

SELECT ordid FROM sales

WHERE (revenue-cost) >= 1000;

SELECT ordid FROM sales

WHERE (revenue-cost) >= 1000;

CREATE INDEX sales_profit_idx

ON sales (revenue-cost);

Index is used

61

Progress MonitorLong running operations monitor

0 61% 100%

Percent Complete:

Progress of long running operations can be tracked– Archiving

– Backup and Restore

– Parallel Query

– Recovery

– Full table scans

– Sort operations

– Analyze (DBMS_STATS)

Applications can also populate this view, using a package

62

Data Warehouse EnhancementsImprovements for very large databases

Sample scan selects only a percentage of rows or blocks

Analyze can be run in parallel Statistics can be collected when an index is

created CUBE/ROLLUP allow single SQL statement to

create cross tab report Top ”n” optimization for top or bottom “n”

records Automated degree of parallelism

63


Oracle8i Oracle8i Enterprise Edition Oracle8i Workstation

64

Oracle8i

For department-level and workgroup applications

– Proven, robust architecture

– Easy to install and manage

Options available:– Oracle® interMedia

– Oracle® WebDB

– Oracle JServer

– Oracle Programmer

– Oracle® Standard Management Pack

65

Oracle8i Enterprise Edition For OLTP, data warehouse, and Internet

applications– Provides advanced functionality to support mission-

critical requirements

Options available:

– Oracle® Parallel Server

– Oracle Partitioning

– Oracle JServer Enterprise Ed

– Oracle Advanced Security


– Oracle Diagnostics Pack

– Oracle Tuning Pack

– Oracle Change Management Pack

– Oracle WebDB

– Oracle interMedia

– Oracle Time Series

– Oracle VIR

– Oracle Spatial

66

Oracle8i Workstation For developers and single-user deployment

– Includes all Oracle8i Enterprise Edition functionality, features, and options

Includes all options:

– Oracle® Parallel Server

– Oracle Partitioning

– Oracle JServer Enterprise Ed

– Oracle Advanced Security


– Oracle Diagnostics Pack

– Oracle Tuning Pack

– Oracle Change Management Pack

– Oracle WebDB

– Oracle interMedia

– Oracle Time Series

– Oracle VIR

– Oracle Spatial

67


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