or BuildingsasaClimate)Change)Soluon · 2018-04-18 · ODP [kg CFC11-eq.] 3,97E-009 4,52E-013...
Transcript of or BuildingsasaClimate)Change)Soluon · 2018-04-18 · ODP [kg CFC11-eq.] 3,97E-009 4,52E-013...
How I Got Run Over by the Carbon Elephant… or Buildings as a Climate Change Solu2on Chris Magwood ONBC 2018
Where I’m coming from…
A 20-‐year pracCce of ecological design & construcCon
Considering material & system choices based on criteria: • Environmental impacts
• Embodied energy (and carbon)
• Indoor environment quality • Energy Efficiency • Waste • Material costs • Labour inputs • Skill level required by homeowner • Sourcing & availability • Durability & longevity • Building code compliance
Take a trip with me
down the nerdy
rabbit hole of
embodied carbon
calculaCons…
How do we find out the greenhouse gas emissions related to a parCcular material?
I started with the ICE (Inventory of Carbon and Energy) database, generated at University of Bath in England. It started in 2005 and has
been an invaluable resource. But, the data isn’t verified or standardized (and is UK and European),
so need bePer sources…
Environmental Product DeclaraCons…
A more reliable source of ecological impact data
Varying standards for EPDs…
Two different standards, not directly comparable!
Boundary condiCons…
Ensuring comparisons cover the same boundaries for comparison
PS. We should do this!
An EPD for straw bales and hemp would make these opVons that designers looking for materials would actually see. I can’t think of a bePer role for the ONBC at this point.
MD-17001-EN | Carlo F. Christensen | Page 7 of 11
LCA results ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS PER M2
Parameter Unit A1-A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
GWP [kg CO2-eq.] -50,4 0,555 0,809 38,4 0,00415 0 0 0 0 0,134 0 40,5 -15,2
ODP [kg CFC11-eq.] 3,97E-009 4,52E-013 6,31E-013 0 4,66E-010 0 0 0 0 1,09E-013 0 8,81E-012 -1,62E-011
AP [kg SO2-eq.] 0,42 0,00239 0,00423 0 6,81E-005 0 0 0 0 0,000575 0 0,00413 -0,02
EP [kg PO43--eq.] -0,882 0,000595 -0,00862 0,349 6,78E-005 0 0 0 0 0,000143 0 0,000843 -0,00249
POCP [kg ethene-eq.] 0,00395 -0,00087 2,4E-005 0 1,61E-005 0 0 0 0 -0,00021 0 0,000334 -0,0021
ADPE [kg Sb-eq.] 0,000125 5,02E-008 4,55E-007 -1,51E-005 5,33E-008 0 0 0 0 1,21E-008 0 3,83E-007 -2,88E-006
ADPF [MJ] 327 7,66 3,34 0 0,066 0 0 0 0 1,85 0 7,41 -201
Caption GWP = Global warming potential; ODP = Ozone depletion potential; AP = Acidification potential of soil and water; EP = Eutrophication potential; POCP = Photochemical ozone creation potential; ADPE = Abiotic depletion potential for non fossil resources; ADPF = Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources
RESOURCE USE PER M2
Parameter Unit A1-A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
PERE [MJ] 262 - - - - - - - - - - - -
PERM [MJ] 741 - - - - - - - - - - - -
PERT [MJ] 1E003 0,395 9,87 0 0,274 0 0 0 0 0,0954 0 1,31 -59,9
PENRE [MJ] 330 - - - - - - - - - - - -
PENRM [MJ] 6 - - - - - - - - - - - -
PENRT [MJ] 336 7,7 3,45 -0,619 0,07 0 0 0 0 1,86 0 8,81 -208
SM [kg] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RSF [MJ] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
NRSF [MJ] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FW [m3] 0,0953 0,000732 0,00408 0 0,00159 0 0 0 0 0,000176 0 0,0983 -0,0284
Caption
PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non renewable primary energy excluding non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non renewable
primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non renewable primary energy resources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water
Owner: Carlo F. Christensen A/SNo.:ECO EPD:
MD-17001-EN00000505
Issued: 25-04-2017Valid to: 25-04-2022
EPDVERIFIED ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION | ISO 14025 & EN 15804
3 r d P A R T Y V E R I F I E D
BuildingComponent Materials Constructiontype Kgtotal ICE2.0factor OtherECfactor TotalkgCO2e ImprovedperformanceTotalCO2sequestration Notes RedListChemicalsFoundationWalls&Slab 1)Typicalpouredconcrete Concrete 8inchconcretewall,24mPa 39120 0.107 0.127* 4968.2 0 N
Parging Top2feet,1:1:6mix 711 0.174 123.7 0 NRebar 1/2"rebarasperOBC 295.4 1.4 413.6 0 N
5505.5
2)Highslagconcrete Concrete,50%blastfurnaceslag 8inchslagconcrete,24mPa 39120 0.077 3012.2 0 NParging Top2feet,1:1:6mix 711 0.174 123.7 0 NRebar 1/2"rebarasperOBC 295.4 1.4 413.6 0 N
3549.5
3)ICF Concrete 8inchconcrete,24mPa 39120 0.107 0.127* 4968.2 0 NParging Top2feet,1:1:6mix 711 0.174 123.7 0 NRebar 1/2"rebaraspermanufacturerspecs 433 1.4 606.2 0 N
5698.1
4)NexcemICF(formerlyDurisol)Concrete [email protected]/ft220616 0.107 0.127* 2618.2 0 NParging Top2feet,1:1:6mix 711 0.174 123.7 0 NRebar 1/2inchrebaraspermanufacturerspecs 492 1.4 688.8 0 N
3430.7
5)Rammedearthblocks Rammedearthblocks 8"Watershedblocks 23052.1 0.061 0.0696* 1604.4 0 NParging Top2feet,1:1:6mix 711 0.174 123.7 0 NRebar 1/2"rebarasperOBC 393.9 1.4 551.5 0 N
2279.6
FoundationSlab1)Typicalpouredconcrete Concrete,24mPa 4inchthickslab 23280 0.107 0.127* 2956.6 0 N
2)Highslagconcrete Concrete,50%blastfurnaceslag 4inchthickslab 23280 0.077 1792.6 0 N
3)Earthenfloor 4inchesearthenfloor 10563 10563 0.0052 55 0 N
FoundationInsulation*CodeMinimum
1)Extrudedpolystyrene Exteriorwallinsulation 4inchesXPSfoam(R-20) 243 4.26 35.04kg/m2atR-20 3255.6 0 YSubslabinsulation 2inchesXPSfoam(R-10) 120.3 4.26 17.52kg/m2atR-10 1627.8 0 Y
4883.4 7585.5
2)Expandedpolystyrene Exteriorwallinsulation 4inchesEPSfoam15kg/m3(R-18) 149.6 3.29 47.13kgperm3 391.2 0 YSubslabinsulation 2inchesEPSfoam15kg/m3(R-9) 120.3 3.29 47.13kgperm3 222.5 0 Y
613.7 965.3
3)Highdensitysprayfoam Exteriorwallinsulation ~4inches(R-20) N/A 11.22kg/ft2atR-20 11216.1 0 YSubslabinsulation ~2inches(R-10) N/A 5.63kg/ft2atR-10 2551.5 0 Y
13767.6 20020.4
4)MediumdensitysprayfoamExteriorwallinsulation ~4inches,2lb/ft3(R-20) N/A 9.03kg/ft2atR-20 7937.4 0 YSubslabinsulation ~2inches,2lb/ft3(R-10) N/A 4.53kg/ft2atR-10 4530 0 Y
12467.4 19616.7
5)ICF ICFinsulation 2-5/8inchesEPSperside(R-24) 201 4.26 47.13kgperm3 631.5 0 YICFwebbing Polystyrenewebsat8inches 34.5 4.49 154.9 0 NSubslabinsulation 2inchesEPSfoam15kg/m3(R-9) 120.3 3.29 47.13kgperm3 222.5 0 Y
1008.9 1389.3
Looking at modeling results…
There can be a wide variaVon!
Build your own adventure…
Adding up the different materials that you could choose
Involving the energy nerds…
…to add operaVonal carbon emissions to the scenario.
Take away points: • Embodied carbon can vary widely, and
can be negaVve (or posiVve…) • Fuel source makes a huge difference
And this could just be the beginning…
…of an intenVonal effort to store carbon in the built environment.
Two key government direcVves drive the imperaVve to reduce carbon emissions associated with buildings: • OBC ObjecVve OE1.1 • CCAP: Buildings and Homes
This has been addressed via a focus on the energy efficiency of buildings, and to a lesser degree, electrificaVon (via heat pumps). Policy opVon to focus on embodied carbon… Pilot projects in City of Vancouver and CaGBC Zero Carbon Building Standard, collecVng embodied carbon data.
It’s starVng to happen! PublicaVons, government policy acVon, cross-‐sector iniVaVve from Carbon Leadership Forum…
…and the natural building community has a central role to play.