Optimizing signal timing in Synchro Studio 10Terminology-1 • Cycle length – Cycle length is the...
Transcript of Optimizing signal timing in Synchro Studio 10Terminology-1 • Cycle length – Cycle length is the...
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Optimizing signal timing in
Synchro Studio 10
Overview and demonstrationIshant Sharma ([email protected])
Graduate Research Assistant
Supervisor: Dr. Sabya Mishra
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What is Synchro?
• Software for signal optimization
• Developed by Trafficware
• Optimization can be applied to:
– Cycle lengths
– Splits
– Offsets
Source: http://bikewalklee.blogspot.com
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Signal design
• Phasing
• Convert to through vehicle units
• Determine sum of critical lane volumes
• Determine yellow and all red times
• Determine lost time per cycle
• Determine appropriate cycle length
• Splitting the green
• Pedestrian requirements
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Terminology-1
• Cycle length
– Cycle length is the total time to complete one sequence of all
movements around an intersection
• Split
– An individual (movement) split is the sum of the green time + yellow
interval + red clearance interval for a particular movement
• Actuated Traffic Control
– Fully-actuated signals have detectors on all of the approaches and
semi-actuated signals only have detectors at some of the approaches.
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Terminology-2
• Signal Coordination
– Process to synchronize start of the “green light” along the major
corridor so that a group of vehicles can travel together (“platoon”)
through multiple signals with minimal or no stopping
• Offset
– Time between start of the “green light” at one intersection and the
start of “green light” at another intersection (the offset defines the
movement of traffic along the corridor/major road, also referred to as
“progression)
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Screenshot
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Ribbon Bar
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Buttons
Drag map
Create/delete links
Zoom Options
Lane options
Move/delete node Map coordinates
Show intersection delay Intersection LOS
Cycle/Natural Cycle length Intersection Capacity Utilization
Coordinatability/Natural Coord. Factor Show Node Numbers
Locked timing plans
Show zones
Show volumes on maps
Show link distance, speed, travel time
Start of green/yellow times
Show maximum green times
Volume to capacity ratios Movement delay
Phase number
Lane arrows Movement LOS
Volume Balancing
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Lane Settings
• Ideal Saturated Flow
– Default value of 1900
veh/hr/ln (HCM 2000)
– Do not adjust rate for heavy
veh, lane widths, etc. as this
is done by Synchro
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Lane Settings
• CBD (Central Business
District)
– Uses HCM 2000
characteristics for CBD’s to
make adjustments if
selected
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Lane Settings
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Lane Settings
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Lane Settings
Determines how
traffic volumes
are distributed
across each lane
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Lane Settings
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Lane Settings
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Lane Settings
• These factors are
calculated based upon HCM
2000 methods
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Lane Settings
• Right-Turn on Red (RTOR)
– HCM does not support RTOR
calculations
– Synchro adjusts applies
different formulation to
calculate RTOR
– A separate saturation flow
rate is calculated for these
movements
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Volume Settings
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Volume Settings• Sources: driveways, un-modeled
streets
• Synchro balances upstream &
downstream traffic by adjusting
mid-block traffic
• Higher values of mid-block traffic
reduces the effectiveness of signal
optimization
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Volume Settings
• Allows for detailed control over
O-D movements for adjacent
intersections
• Used for:
– Links less than 300 ft. long
– Freeway interchange intersections
– Median of a wide arterial
– Between nodes of a T-intersection
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Volume Settings
• Pass. Car Equivalents are
used to balance lanes
• Values for PCEs:
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Node Settings
• Controller Types
– Pretimed
– Semi-Actuated-Uncoordinated
– Actuated-Uncoordinated
– Actuated-Coordinated
– Unsignalized
– Roundabouts
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Node Settings (Cont.)
• Actuated Cycle Length
– Average cycle length for an
actuated signal
• Natural Cycle Length
– Shortest cycle length that will
give acceptable capacity
– Cycle length intersection would
run at if it was independent of
other intersections
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Timing SettingsLeft Turn Types
– Permitted
– Protected
– Permitted &
Protected
– Split
Right Turn Types
▪ Permitted
▪ Protected
▪ Permitted &
Protected
▪ Overlap
▪ Protected &
Overlap
▪ Free
▪ Custom
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Timing Settings
• Startup lost time minus
extension of effective
green time
– Extension of effective green
is the time vehicles continue
to enter the intersection
during yellow
– Default value is zero
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Timing Settings
• Lead/Lag Optimization
– Change/optimize the
sequence of phases included
in a cycle
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Timing Settings• Recall Modes
▪ No recall – phase can be skipped
▪ Minimum recall – never skip,
always service min. initial
▪ Maximum recall - never skip,
always service max. split
▪ Pedestrian recall – never skip,
always service ped. clearance
interval
▪ Coordinated Min. & Max. – used
with coordinated signals
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Timing Settings• Synchro allows for an all red
phase for pedestrians or a hold
phase
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Timing Settings
(Unsignalized)
• Three Sign Control settings
– Free: traffic doesn’t stop
– Yield: yield sign
– Stop: stop sign
• Roundabouts are also
selected using control type
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Phasing Settings
• Vehicle extension
– Amount of time green time is
extended when vehicle
crosses detector
• Minimum Gap
– Min time for a following
vehicle to cross intersection
(refers to the distance
between 2 following
vehicles)
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Phasing Settings
• Walk times, don’t walk
times, and number of push
button calls/hr are all
entered in the phasing
settings
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Phasing Settings
• Only used for Actuated-
Coordinated signals
• When selected, a non-
coordinated phase can be
extended and not
terminated as scheduled
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Phasing Settings
• Phase Diagram
– Visualization of phasing
– Can be adjusted manually
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Simulation Settings
• Affects when
vehicles can
enter storage
lane
• Default value
is 25 ft.
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Simulation Settings
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Simulation SettingsCan enter yes, no, 1, or 2
(which allows 1 or 2 vehicles
to enter blocked intersection)
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Simulation Settings
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Simulation Settings
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Simulation Settings
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Simulation Settings
• Not used for capacity
calculations
• Applied to model saturated
flow rates for specific lane
groups
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Simulation Settings• Mandatory Distance
– Distance back from stop bar
where lane change must occur
• Positioning Distance
– Distance from mandatory point
where vehicle first attempts to
change lanes
• Mandatory & Positioning Dist. 2
– Used if second lane change is
required
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Detector Settings• Three types
– Calling – places call when phase is
yellow or red
– Extend – places call when phase is
green
– Cl+Ex – combination of two
previous
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Detector Settings• Extend
– Extends call for n seconds after
detection
• Queue
– Extends phase for n seconds to
provide queue clearance
• Delay
– Will not place a call on red or
yellow until vehicle has been
there n seconds
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Optimization• Intersection Cycle Length
• Intersection Splits
• Intersection Offsets
• Network Cycle Length
– Can be done for each “Zone”
• Network Offsets
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Additional
• Simulation
– SimTraffic
• Time-Space Diagram
– Analyzing a corridor
– To visualize the progression
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EXAMPLE
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Signal design
• Phasing
• Convert to through vehicle units
• Determine sum of critical lane volumes
• Determine yellow and all red times
• Determine lost time per cycle
• Determine appropriate cycle length
• Splitting the green
• Pedestrian requirements
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Questions?
ReferencesTrafficware LLC. (2006), Synchro Studio 10 User Guide. Sugar Land, TX. Retrieved
from:http://www.trafficware.com/uploads/2/2/2/5/22256874/synchro_10.1_use
r_guide.pdf
Anurag P. (2007, December 7), Synchro Tutorial [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVTc3GPUVV8