Opportunities in Pakistan’s Upstream Oil & Gas...

Opportunities inPakistan’s Upstream

Oil & Gas Sector

www.mpnr.gov.pk

Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Resources

Government of Pakistan

3

Opportunities in Pakistan's Upstream Oil & Gas Sector

ContentsOpportunity Landscape 04

Upstream Oil & Gas Sector 07

• PolicyFocus

• InvestmentProtection

• OnshoreAreas

• OffshoreAreas

• ShaleExploitation

• BrightPast,BrighterFuture

Legal Framework 17

Upstream Procedural and Regulatory Measures 18

• Zoning

• ConcessionAwardProcess

• GasMarket

Onshore Package 19

Offshore Package 22

Low BTU Gas 24

Tight Gas 25

Marginal/ Stranded Gas Fields: Gas Pricing & Criteria and Guidelines 2013 26

Open Access to Public Domain Data 27

4

Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Resources, Government of Pakistan

Opportunity Landscape Pakistan is strategically located within the regionand has a large sedimentary basin covering over827,000Sq.Kmandspreadoverbothonshoreandoffshore. Parts of these sedimentary basins remainunexploredorareunderexplored,therebyprovidingidealinvestmentopportunitiestoE&Pcompanies.Inaddition to the conventional oil and gas resourcesthereisahugepotentialforunconventionalresources,whichremainuntapped.

Total conventional and unconventional reserves inPakistanareestimatedatabout160Tcfandthisisone

areawhere the IOCs, especially theUScompanieswith their extensive experience and technicalknowhow can play a major role in the exploitationof this resource and in turn reap rich benefits. TheGovernmentiseagertoattractlocalandmultinationalE&Pcompaniesinthissector,tappingtheiroperationalexperience,extensivedatabase, trainedmanpowerand sound financial position to make this venture asuccess. Pakistan has a large offshore basin which largelyremains under explored. The Indus offshore is the

5


second largest submarine fan system in the worldandanalogous to theprolificoil andgasproducingNiger,MahakamandNiledeltas.

The Indus offshore has experienced only limitedexplorationandprovidesanotheropportunityforbigdiscoverieswhichcanberealizedthroughemployingstateofthestartseismicanddrillingtechniques. Largeareaswiththeonshoresedimentarybasinalsoremain unexplored or under explored providing yetanother opportunity to companies to explore and

develop a number of different types of structuralandstratigraphic trapsusing the latestseismicand drillingtechnology.

To help facilitate E&P companies exploit theseopportunities, the Government has in place aninvestor friendly Petroleum Policy with attractiveFiscalandregulatoryterms.AvailabilityoftrainedandexperiencedmanpowerinPakistanandpresenceofone of themost extensive andwell developed gasinfrastructure would further assist the IOCs to fullyexploittheseattractiveopportunities.

6


PUNJAB

IRAN

LAHORE

ISLAMABAD

QUETTA

SKARDU

GILGIT

PESHAWAR

JAMMU &(DISPUTED TERRITORY)

KASHMIR

SRINAGAR

SINDH

CHINA

KARACHI

GAWADAR

FR

ON

TIE

R U

ND

EF

INE

D

MUZAFFAR ABAD

AFGHANISTAN

INDIA

KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA

BALOCHISTAN

TANDO ALAM

BUZDARTHORA & THORA EASTOGDCL

BUZDAR SOUTH DEEP

OGDCL

DABHI

OGDCLDARU

SONRO

MAZARI

KATO

LAGHARI

JUNATHISOUTH

JALAL

PIR

RAJ

RIND

MUBAN

PANIRO

TAJEDI

OGDCL

MISANOGDCL

TANDO GHULAM ALI

JAGIR

PASAKHI & PASAKHI NORTH

KUNAROGDCL

JHABERI SOUTH

TANDO ALLAH YAROGDCL

JABO

TURK

ALI ZAUR

DARS WESTDARS

OGDCLNUR

MAKHDUMPUR

OGDCLBAGLA

BHATTI

FATEH SHAH

FATEH SHAH NORTH

NORAI JAGIROGDCL

SHAHDINO

DUPHRI

KHASKHELI

SONOOGDCL

SAKHI SOUTH DEEP

MISSRI

SIRAJ SOUTH

BILAL

2468-5

(BADIN-IV SOUTH)PEL

TANDO ALLAH YAROGDCL

ZAUR WEST

ZAUR

(SIRANI)PPL

2468-10

2468-6

(BADIN-IV NORTH)

PEL

2468-9JHERRUCK

NHEPL

2468-12KOTRI

BUKHARI DEEP

BUKHARI&

MATLI

LIARI

SOUTHMAZARI

PPL

NARI

SAKHI DEEP

MEYUN ISMAIL DEEPMEYUN ISMAIL

NIM WEST NIM

KEYHOLE G

GOLARCHI

BILAL NORTH

UEPL

UEPL

UEPL

GHUNGHRO

KHORE WAH

NORTH AKRI

OGDCL

LASHARI CENTREL & SOUTH

KUNAR SOUTH

KOLI

GOPANG

SHAH

NAIMAT BASAL

(MIRPUR KHAS)UEP

2568-7

KHIPRO

UEP

UEPALI

USMAN

KAUSAR

UMARUEPL

PALLI

BOBI DHAMARKI

OGDCL

OGDCL

PPL

(MIRPUR KHAS WEST)PEL

(HALA)

JOYA MIR

NANDPUROGDCL

KANDH KOTPPL

OGDCL

LOTIOGDCL

PEL

ADHIPPL

TURKWAL

SADKALOGDCL

3167-1

3070-10

2970-3(SAKHI SARWAR)BLOCK-28

TULLOW

PIR KOH (ADD)OGDCL OGDCL

PIR KOH

(MURGHA FAQIR ZAI)

3372-14

OGDCL

CHAK NAURANGOGDCL

CHACHAR

(FATEH JANG)

(LUGAI)3067-1

NATIVUS

FIMKASSAROGDCL

MINWALPOL

POL

PAIGE

(MULTANAI)3168-1

2869-12(ZAMURDAN)

(LATIF)2669-3

OMV

POL

(MIRPUR METHELO)2769-9

POL

PINDORIPOL

BADARPEL

OGDCL

ZIN (OLD BLOCK-29)2868-1

(SAFED KOH)

2763-2(SHAHANA)

OGDCL

BHAL SYEDAN

IKHLAS3372-18

BHANGALI

BALKASSARPOL

REHMAT

NATIVUS

2763-1(LADGASHT)

3067-2(CHANGAI)

RDC

(GUDDU)2869-9

(KOHLU)2968-3

2969-7(KALCHAS)

OGDCL

OGDCL(SARUNA)

2567-4

OGDCL

2366-5

Eni(OFFSHORE INDUS-N)

(JAKHRO)OGDCL

OGDCL

MISSAKESWAL

2565-1

BLOCK-222768-3

PEL

D&PLSADIQ

PELHASAND&PL

D&PLKHANPUR

PEL

GWADAR2561-1

OGDCLSARI SINGH

2568-8OGDCL

(T.A YAR)

(BANNU WEST)TULLOW

3370-13

(MARWAT)3170-2

POL(KIRTHAR SOUTH)

2567-7

DHODAK

2770-3(ISLAMGARH)

CHANDAOGDCL

MOL(MARGALA NORTH)

3372-21

2769-13(SALAM)

PEL

PEL

TECHNO PETROLEUM

(KHETWARO)2769-12

2567-10(DAPHRO)PETRONAS

MAZARANIPPL

2969-8

3370-12(LATAMBAR)

OGDCL

2869-14

OGDCL

2567-5(JHANGARA)

(BARKHAN)PPL

2467-11(SAJAWAL)

MGCL

2872-12871-2

(YAZMAN)(NOOR SOUTH)

(ZARGHUN SOUTH)MGCL

2266-4OFFSHORE

INDUS-JPEL

2871-3(RUKANPUR)

(MIANWALI)3271-3

OGDCL

3270-6(WALI)

(KHANGARH)2771-2

(CHOLISTAN)

2266-9

OGDCL

2267-1(OFFSHORE BLOCK-R)

2266-8(OFFSHORE BLOCK-S)

2769-14(TEGANI)

OGDCL

OGDCL(THAL)

2769-15

RODHODPL

3073-3(PUNJAB)

2562-1PASNI WEST

ZAVER

3371-5(GURGALOT)

OGDCL

OGDCLUCH

PAIGE

(ZINDAN)

(PESHAWAR)3371-13

(KUNRI)

(KALOI)

(NAUSHERWANI)

2764-2(RAKHSHAN)

MGCL

MGCL

2864-2

2568-3(KHEWARI)

OGDCL

2667-8(ZAMZAMA NORTH)

3269-1(WALI WEST)

SEL

(KHUZDAR SOUTH)2667-9

3068-2

(HAB)2566-4

PEL

3068-3(BLOCK 28 NORTH)

HERITAGE

(ORAKZAI)3369-1

SEL

3068-4(LAKHI RUD)

SEL

3370-14

MGCL

(GAMBAT SOUTH)

KHAURPOL

3372-23(HISAL)

OGDCL

2568-19(DIGRI)

(TIRAH)

2468-8

OGDCL

(PAHARPUR)SEL

3170-5

JANDRANOGDCL

OGDCLJANDRAN WEST

HERITAGE(SANJAWI)

2969-9

NHEPL

2468-7

2568-18

ZhenHua(BASKA)3070-13

DPL

(KALCHAS SOUTH)DPL

DPL DPL

DPL

DPL

PEL

SARA

SARA WESTOGDCL

(MIRPUR KHAS WEST)2568-16

PEL

(HARNAI SOUTH)2967-4

(KHARAN)PPLPPL

2763-4(KHARAN WEST)

2763-3

PPL

2764-3

2667-11(ZAMZAMA SOUTH)

(PALANTAK)

3068-7

OGIL(SOUTH QILLA SAIFULLAH)

(CHHANNI PULL)

3372-20(MARGALA)

MOL

OGDCL

KAMAL NORTH

3373-3

3069-8(KINGRI)

3273-3(GHAURI)

MGCL

OGDCL(RAJDHANI)

3373-1

(ZHOB)PPL

3169-2

3069-4(SHAAN)OGDCLNATIVUS

3066-1(HURAMZAI)

(KALAT)2866-2

PPL

2768-10(NEW LARKANA)

PEL

2669-5(SANGHAR EAST)

PEL

2768-7(YASIN)HYCARBEX

(THANO BEG)2567-11

(SAMANDAR)OGDCL

(TAL)3370-3

MOL

(KARAK)3271-1

MGCL

(KHUZDAR NORTH)2866-3

OGDCL

MARIT

IME

BOUNDARY

UNDEFINED

3070-14

ZAVER(LORALAI)

(MEHAR)

(SUKHPUR)2568-20

PPL(NAUSHAHRO FIROZ)

2668-9

2468-10(SIRANI)

PPL

CHAK-5 DIM SOUTHOGDCL

CHAK-66

(SINJHORO)OGDCL

2568-5LALA JAMALI

CHAK-7A

CHAK63-SE

CHAK-2

HAKEEM DAHO

CHAK-63

RESHAM

OGDCL(BITRISIM)

2568-4

2468-9JHERRUCK

NHEPL

OGDCL

2564-4(RASMALAN)

OGDCL

2564-5(RASMALAN WEST)

2564-2(PARKINI BLOCK-A)

(PARKINI BLOCK-B)2564-3

2868-7(ZORGARH)

SEL

2866-4(MARGAND)

2970-5(RAJANPUR)

POL

(D.G. KHAN)POL

2969-10

OGDCLHUNDI

(MAKHAD)3271-5

MALIRSEL

2467-13

(OKARA)3072-7

(LILLA)PETROSIN

ZAMZAMABHP

(KHARAN EAST)PPL

2764-4

(SUKKUR)MGCL

2768-9

S.W. MIANO-IIOMV

2972-2(SUTLEJ)

TOOTOGDCL

(KOTRI NORTH)2568-21

OMVMIANO

3273-4(WARNALI)

ZAVER

KARACHI2466-8

(BITRISIM EAST)HERITAGE

2670-1

3068-6

ISEC(KILLA SAIFULLAH)

PPL

POL

(THAR WEST)2569-4

OGDCL

2569-3(SANGHAR SOUTH)

(SHAKRGANJ WEST)PYRAMID

3072-4PYRAMID

PYRAMID

2972-4

OGIL

PPL

PPL

PPL

HYCARBEX

OGDCL

OGDCL

NHEPL

NHEPL

(KOTRI)2468-12

PPL

Eni

OMV

OGDCL

OGDCL

KALOGDCL

RAJIANOGDCL

3068-5

OGDCL(CHOTIALI)

3069-5

3270-8(DALWATI)

MGCL

OGDCLBAHU

JHAL MAGSI SOUTHOGDCL

PANJPIROGDCL

3272-16

OMVSAWAN

(NORTH RATANA)3372-24

3271-6

(POTWAR SOUTH)SPUD ENERGY

3170-7

3171-3

3170-8

3169-3

3070-17

2972-5(VEHARI)

(SURKACH)

(LAYYAH)

(KULACHI)

(KHIU)

(HETU)

3171-2(NURPUR)

2865-3(KHARAN-3)

2469-9(ARMALA)

PPL

3270-7

(GAMBAT)OMV

2668-5

D&PL(KANDRA)

PEL

(SADIQABAD)2870-6

2870-5(SADIQABAD)

HERITAGE

2763-5(SOUTH KHARAN)

HERITAGE

(BELA NORTH)2566-5

SPUD ENERGY

(KIRTHAR)POGC

2667-7

2668-4

OGDCL

MARI EAST2769-16

OGDCL

HERITAGE

(ABBOTABAD)3372-25

3371-16(PESHAWAR EAST)

SEL

SEL

(HAZRO)SEL

3372-26

2566-6(BELA WEST)

HERITAGE

(ISLAMKOT)2469-10

OGDCL

OGDCL

OGDCL

2667-12

OGIL(BARAN)

(KHARAN-3)2865-4

OGDCL

3272-18(KARSAL)

SPUD ENERGY

3169-4(BASKA NORTH)

SEL

(HALA)2568-13

PPL

2967-2(ZIARAT)MGCL

POLDHULIAN

3370-10

OGDCL3370-15(KARAK NORTH)

SEL

3067-3

MGCL(HARNAI BLOCK)

(RACHNA)OGDCL

3071-2

BALOCH

OMVTAJJAL

UEPL

2165-2

ION

2467-9SARI SOUTH

JUNGSHAHI2467-12

PPL

SEL

MAKRAN INDUS BASIN

(MEHAR)D&PL

SUIPPL

(KHUZDAR)PPL

2766-1

3071-4FATEHPUR

SOUTH PISHIN3068-8

2970-6

2970-7

ALIPUR

2870-8KHANPUR

KUHAN

DESERT2762-1

JATI2467-15

OPL

OPLLADHANA

OPL

OPL

OPL

OPL

OPL

OPL

2867-5

(KOHAT)3371-10

OGDCL

OGDCLQADIRPUR

OPL

DHURNALOPL

OPL

OPL

OPL

OPL

OPL

OPLDAKHNIOGDCL

(EAST SANJAWI)OPL

OPL

Spud Energy

Spud EnergySURI

2569-5(KHIPRO EAST)

(BOASTAN)

3067-7(SHARAN)

2467-16(SHAHBANDAR)

JATIKPBV

2467-14

(BOASTAN)OGDCL

3066-5

3066-53066-6

(RANIPUR)2768-11

(SULEIMAN)3069-9

3069-10(MUSAKHEL)

2568-9NIMOGDCL

DIGRI NORTH2568-22

MOL(MANZALAI)

MAKORI

(OFFSHORE INDUS-U)

UEP

UEP

UEP

UEP

UEP

UEP

(MIRPUR KHAS)2568-7

UEP

Eni(OFFSHORE INDUS-G)

2265-1

OMV Maurice

2767-1

OMV Maurice

OMV Maurice

UCHRI

POLMEYAL

PARIWALI

LATIFOMV

(MAKHAD)3271-7

KPBV

(MARU SOUTH)(MARU)

(RETI)

3273-5(JHELUM)

MPCL

(SOGHRI)3371-8

OGDCL

MELA

3371-17

OGDCLBARATAI

MARIMGCL

2769-4(MUBARAK)OMV Maurice

ENI

Eni PakistanBADHRA

BHIT

3071-3(MULTAN NORTH)

OGDCL

(NASHPA)(NASHPA) OGDCL

RATANAOPL

3371-15(DHOK SULTAN)

PPL

SEL

3070-16(PEZU)

HYCARBEX

3066-4(HANNA)

MGCL

KADANWARIENI

(KUNDIAN)OGDCL

3271-8

2970-8(ALIPUR-RP)

OGDCL

UEP

2568-6(KHIPRO)

2466-7

NIKORESOURCES PAKISTAN

2465-4

NIKORESOURCES PAKISTAN2466-6

NIKORESOURCES PAKISTAN

OFFSHORE INDUS NORTH

OFFSHORE INDUS-Y

OFFSHORE INDUS-Z

2465-4OFFSHORE

INDUS-XNIKORESOURCES

PAKISTAN

(OFFSHORE INDUS-V)2265-4

UEP

2264-1(OFFSHORE INDUS-W)

UEP

2264-1

PEL

2365-3(OFFSHORE INDUS-P)

OFFSHOREINDUS-O

PEL

2266-7

(EASTERN OFFSHORE INDUS-C)2366-7

Eni

EASTERN OFFSHORE INDUS-A2366-6

OGDCL

37003200

3200

1800

2000

1700

2700

1800

3200

3200

3100

3600

100

1700

50

100

3300

1700

3100

50

1600

1100 100600

2600

2100

2100

1

14

16

20

21

22

2526

28

29

3

35

36

37

42

5 8

9

27

30

39

6

4

7

31

17

2445

21311

322343

15

1946

3412

334044

38

4110

18

Upstream Petroleum ActivitiesSeptember2013

100

50

100

50

1600

1100 100600

Exploration Licence

Force Majeure

Applications For Mining/ D&PL

Mining / D& P Leases

Blocks Under Grant

New Applications Received During The Month( E.L / D& PL / R.P )

Applications Of Reconnaissance Permit

Reconnaissance Permit

Applications Under Process For Bidding

Blocks Under Bidding

Over Lapped Area

Depth Contours

UpstreamActivities

Active Explorator� � ell Location

Active Appraisal/Development � ell Location

Active Rig Location

Current � D � eismic Location Onshore

Current � D � eismic Location Onshore

Province Boundar�

Rivers

Maritime Boundar� Undefined

Cities

Capital

Directorate General ofPetroleum Concessions

7


Upstream Oil & Gas Sector

8


OilandGassectorinPakistanhasseenphenomenalgrowth since the independence in 1947 when oilquantitiesproducedwerescarce.At that time therewas no gas production. Over the past half centurythe petroleum industry has played a significant roleinnationaldevelopmentbymaking large indigenousgasdiscoveries.Thesesourcesaresupplyinggastoconsumptioncentersthroughacollectivetransmissionanddistributionnetworkofabout90,900kilometers.Pakistanmeetsabout100%ofgasand17%ofoildemandfromlocalsources.

Upstream Oil and Gas Sector

LPGI mportedNuclearE lectriccityCoal Local

Coal Imported

LPG LocalGas

CrudeO il ImportedPetroleum ProductsI mportedHydroE lectricityCrudeO il Local

8002600250024002300220020

10

20

30

40

50

70

60

MTO

E

2007 2009

(Fig.1)Pakistan’s Energy’s Mix

9


TOET onnes of Oil Equivalent

1 003

SNGPL GAS PIPELINE EXISTING

SNGPL GAS PIPELINE PLANNED

SSGCL GAS PIPELINE PLANNED

SSGCL GAS PIPELINE EXISTING

HEAD QUARTER (HQ) / TERMINAL

REPEATER / TERMINAL STATION

PURIFICATION PLANT

ABBREVIATIONSMMBBLS MillionU S BarrelsBCF Billion Cubic FeetMw Megawatt

COMPRESSOR STATION

**Source: Pakistan Energy Year Book 2012

COMPRESSOR STATION UNDER CONST.

OIL STORAGE PLANNED

OIL STORAGE EXISTING

OIL REFINERY UNDER CONSTRUCTION

OIL REFINERY EXISTING

OIL PIPELINE UNDER CONST./PLANNEDREFINED OIL PIPELINE EXISTING

LPG PLANT

AVIATION FUELING FACILITY

CONDENSATE PLANT

LPG PLANT PLANNED/UNDER CONST.

CONDENSATE PLANT UNDER CONST.

LPG / NGL PLANTEXISTING COALFIELDS

COAL OCCURANCES

CONDENSATE FIELDSGAS FIELDSOIL FIELDS

CITIES

TOWN

NUCLEAR

THERMAL

HYDEL

NUCLEAR

THERMAL

HYDEL

POWER STATIONS PROPOSED/UNDER CONSTRUCTION

POWER STATIONS EXISTING

OTHER FUELS

OTHER FUELS

WIND

WIND

LEGEND

PURIFICATION PLANT UNDER CONST.

CRUDE OIL PIPELINE EXISTING

Energy Infrastructure2013

00

10 0

1

1 6 0 0

6 0 0

0620

16

11

00

LAKHRA

T H A R

SOR RANGE DIGHARI

MAKERW

AL-KURD

-SHO

HANGU-ORAKZAI

CHERAT

SALTRANG

E

DUKIKHOST SHARIG HARNAIMACH-ABEGUM

PIR ISMAIL ZIARATCHAMALANG& MARGAT

THATTA-SONDA

JERRUCK-ONGAR

INDUSEAST

BADIN

CHOI

Muzafarabad

Kach

JOHAN

RASHIT

KOTLI

10 02

1300

HUNDI

KOTHAR

PANIRO

KHOREWAH

GOLARCHI

KHASKHELI

BAGLA

NOOR

MAKHDUMPUR

NARI

TURK

TAJEDI

GHUNGHROJABO

PIR

KOLI

MISSRI

N.AKRI

RIND

BHATTI

DUPHRI

SONO

PASAHKI

DARU

KATO

TANDO ALAM

KUNAR

MATLI

LASHARI S.

HALIPOTA

BUKHARI

DABHI

LIARI

MAZARI

KUNAR E.

THORA

PASAHKI N.

BUZDAR

TANDOGHULAM ALI

MAZARANI

BOBI

KADANWARI

KANDRA MIANO

SARAMARI

SADKAL

PINDORI

JOYA MAIR

DHURNAL

BALKASSAR

UCH

ZIN

PIRKOH

LOTI

JANDRAN

SUI

LALPIR

RHODO

DHODAK

SAVI RAGHA

PANJPIR

NANDPUR

TOOT

DAKHNI

DHULIAN

MEYAL

RATANA

PARIWALI

BHAL SAYDAN

MISSA KESWALBHANGALI

CHAK NAURANG

FIMKASSAR

SIHALA

ADHI

SARI

SAWAN

TURKWAL

MAHI

SURISADIQ

HASAN

HAMZA

REHMAT

ZAMZAMA

CHANDA

BHIT

BADHRA

DHAMRAKI

JAKHROCHAK-5 DIM

CHAK-5 SOUTH

PALLI

ZARGHUN SOUTH

MANZALAI

HAKEEM DAHOCHAK-66

CHAK-2CHAK-63

RESHAM

NORAI JAGIR

KANDHKOT CHACHAR

KHANPUR

BADAR

KHAUR

RAJIAN

KAL

NAIMATBASAL

QADIRPUR

SIRAJ SOUTH

KAUSAR DEEP

CHAK-7A

ZAUR

SHAHDINO

RAJ

BILAL

MEHAR

ZAUR SOUTH

KEYHOLE-G

UMAR

JHAL MAGSI

LALA JAMALI

MAKORI

BAHU

ZIRKANI

BILALNORTH

USMAN

ALI

RAHIM

KAMALN

CHAK-63 SE

MELA

SARA WEST

ADAM-x1

KONJ

HASEEB

LATIF

MARU

SHAH

NASHPA

RETI

BALOCH

PASAHKI WEST DEEP

SHEKHAN

SAQIB

DOMIAL

LATIF NORTH

SUJAWAL

PIR APAN

OGDC

(PLANNED)

Marshelling Yard

Buffer Terminal

FOTCO Jetty

ZOT

NassapuraT. Jabba

Faqirabad

Chakpirana

Lalian

Khan Garh

Jahanian

Khushab

DAUD KHEL

Hazro

Malakand

Tangi

Sakhakot

Sawabi

Takhtabai

Chunian

Jalalpur Jattan

Mandi Bahauddin

Chiniot

Chak Jhumra

Bhalwal

Khewra

Bhera

Gharibwal

Farooq Abad

Hafizabad

Kharian

Shikarpur

Shori

Dumboli

Gokart

Sariab

Kolpur

Bhong

TaxilaWahKamra

Bubak

Fazilpur

Daulatpur

Vihari

Habibabad

Kundian

Machike

JuglotChitral

Kotla jam

Kamalia

Samundri

Pasroor

NAUGHAZI

Dipalpur

Topi

Haripur

Hatar

Sanjwal

Mingora

Khazana Shagar

Sh.Manda

Kala

Lachi

Sanghi

Pezu

Tank

Basirpur

Hasilpur

Chishtian Mandi

Daharki

Mirpur Methelo

T.Allahyar

Tando Adam

Daska

Machhianwala

Havailian

Manjuwal

HABIBULLAH P.H

Tandlianwala

KCP

Noshera

ACPL

ACPLOFFICE

Dhamthal

Narowal

Bhawana

Sandhilianwali

Hussain Shah

Sahiwal

Khuthiala Sheikhan

Charbagh

Hangu

Gojra

Jhimpir

Kallar Kahar

Ahmadpur East

Khanpur

PakpattanAirfwala

FKPCL

Burewala

Khanewal

Mardan

Shahwali

Permit Chowk

Chowk SarwarShaheed

Satgara

Badiana

Piplan

Talash

Lalamusa

Sillanwali

Haroonabad

Dadhar

Ahmed

Rojhan

12”

8” Dia

12”

FFC

10”X

18K

ms

ARL-PSO PROPOSED16” DIA WHITE OIL PIPELINE

MACHIKE-TARUJABBA

ARL-PSO PROPOSED12” DIA WHITE OIL PIPELINE

MACHIKE-TARUJABBA

26”PAPCOWHITEOILPIPELINE

16”PARCOKMK PIPELINE

26”PAPCOWHITEOILPIPELINE

KHUZDAR

PANJGUR

NOK KUNDI

HYDERABAD

THATTA

BADIN

LARKANA

DADU

SANGHAR

NAWABSHAH

MIRPUR KHAS

SUKKUR

JACOBABAD

RAHIMYAR KHAN

SADIQABAD

SARGODHA

FAISALABAD

SIBI

DERA BUGTI

MUZAFFARGARHD.G.KHAN

KOT ADDU

BAHAWALPUR

MIAN CHANNUN

JHANG

D.I.KHAN

BANNU

MIANWALI

KOHAT

CHICHIWATNI

SAHIWAL

PATTOKI

GUJRANWALA

JARANWALA

GUJRAT

RAWALPINDI

JHELUM

SIALKOT

MIRPUR

SHEKHUPURA

FJFC GHARO

SURJANI

ABBOTTABAD

MANSEHRA

CHARSADDA

PASNI

TURBAT

GWADAR

GALI JAGIR

MURREE

CHAKWAL CEMENT

SUNDER

PACKAGES

D.G.KHAN CEMENT

GILGIT

MUZAFFERABAD

SKARDU

KARACHI

QUETTA

PESHAWER

ISLAMABAD

LAHORE

SAIDU

JAMMU&KASHMIR(Disputed Territory)

BIN QASIM

MULTAN

SRINAGAR

ATTOCK

BHAKKAR

OKARA

BAHAWALNAGAR

Zorlu50MW

GREEN50MW

METRO50MW

GULAHMED 50MWSAPHIRE50MW

MAKWIND50MWMASTER50MW

ZEPHYR50MW

HOM 50MWSACHAL50MW

WINDEAGLE50MW

ARBIANSEA50MWDAWOOD 50MWBECON50MW

FFC50MW

TENAGAGENERASI50MW

LUCKY 50MW

Kallar Kahar40KW

24"x132KM,KADANWARI-N.SHAHSECTION(YEAR1994)

DADUKARCHAT(YEAR1992)120KM DADU-KARCHAT(YEAR1997)

18"x21KMKHADEJI-PAKLANDINTERLINK

18”x18KM,LHFKOTRI

24”x40KM BHIT-BAJARAPIPLINE(YEAR2002)

20"x386KM,IRBPLOOPSOTHERTHAN18"x504KM,IRBPSUI-KAR.(YEAR1977)

GASPIPELINEBY BHP

16"x558KM,INDUSLEFTBANKPIPELINE(YEAR1954)

24"x28.3KM,KUNAR-HQ3PIPLINE

16"x35KM,MIANO-KDN

(YEAR1984)PIPLINE18"x40KM,PIRKOH-SUI

18"x129.5KM,JCB-DAMBOLI

QPLSECTION(YEAR1994)18"x34KM,SHKP-JCB

LOOPLINE(YEAR1998)

LOOPLINE(YEAR2009)24”x30KM,GOKART-ABEGUM

18"x KM,18 DHADAR-GOKART

LOOPLINE(YEAR1996)20"x30KM,SIBI-DADHAR

42"x24”9.5KMFO&HSDLINESFOTCO-ZOT

18/16”PARCOMFM PIPELINE

8”DIAMAZARANIGASPIPELINE-PPL

PIPELINEBY OMV (YEAR2001

16”& 14”TWO PIPELINETOFFC

12”&10”TWO PIPELINETOENGRO

16”PSFLPIPELINE

10/12”GASPIPELINE

12"x42KM,RS1-JCBQPLSECTION(1983)

OGDCL

24”x116KM,JAMSHORO-PAKLANDLOOPLINEYEAR2005

30"x9KM,BYPASSON 16”ILBP

24"x81KMHQ2-TANDOADAM SECTION

20”/10”X12KM ZAMZAMA

20”IRBPDADU-SUI-ZAMZAMAREVERSEGASTOSNGPL

18"x14KM,BYPASSOFQPLLAIDINDINGRANALA(YEAR2004)

12”x2KM LALPUR-AESPSOPIPELINE

10”x32KM LAILPUR-KAPCOPSOPIPELINE

4”/6”PIPELINE

ENGRO

FFC-MM

FORFFBQL(YR1996-2002)

20”X19KM SAWAN

24”,24”&20”x6KM SPUR

GASPIPELINE-OMV

6"x34.KM, PIPELINE8 UEPL

8"x14.2KM, PIPELINEUEPL

8"x11.5KM, PIPELINEUEPL

LACHI-SHAKARDARA

24”x200KBAJARAKARACHIPIPLINE

LOOPLINE(YEAR1997)20"x30KM,KOLPUR-QTA

24”x132.33KM SAWAN-QAADIRPURPIPELINE

8”PIPELINE-SPUD

6”x9KM, PIPELINEUEPL

6” DIA

6” DIA

4” DIA

6” DIA

6”x2KM

10” DIA

6” DIA

6”x2KM

12” DIA

6” DIA

6”X37KM,BOBI-CHAKDIM-5

LOOPLINE(YEAR2007)

6"x4.5KM,UEPLPIPELINE16"ILBPPIPELINE

24”X132KM KARCHAT-KARACHILOOPLINE(YEAR2007)

12”X44KM,BOBI-TANDOADAM

4” DIA

8”DIA

MVA LOOPLINE(YEAR2005)18"x18KM,ABEGUM-MACH

BADHRATOBHITPIPELINE-Eni10”X23KM

24”DIALINEBANDADAUD-SHAHTONOWSHERA

QPLSECTION(FUTUREPLAN)

20”x280KMN.SHAH-KARSEC(YEAR1994-2000)

18"x34KM,SHKP-JCB

18"x31KM,DINGRA-SIBI

12"x303KM,JCB-QUETTAPIPELINE(YEAR1983)

12"x64KM,PROPOSEDZARGHUNGASPIPELINE

LOOPLINE(YEAR2006)24”X64KM BAJARA-KARCHAT

6"x7KM, PIPELINEUEPL

6”X24KM, PIPELINEUEPL

6"x9.5KM,UEPLPIPELINE

CONDENSATEPIPELINE-BHP

15KM SAWAN-KADANWARI

24"x15KM,MASSU-HQ3

6”x9KMS (PEL)

4”x13KMS (PEL)

4”x7KMS (PEL)

16”x35.56KM PIPELINE

8”x19.6KMS (PEL)

10”x2.5KMS (R-2 SNGPL)

12”x67KM,MEHAR-TH.MUHABBATPIPELINE

6”x23KMLATIF-1GASPIPELINE-OMV

8"x85KM,JHAL-NUTTALPIPELINE

16"x58.75ILBSUI-HASSANR.F.TOSNGPL

TAJJAL-1-SAWAN CPP8”X19.12KM

12"x52KM

8”x15KM

ACPLPIPLINE

(BGFIP)NARI-HYDERABAD(YEAR1988)18"x108KM,BADINPIPLINE

LOOPLINE(YEAR2007)18"x15KM,MACH MVA-KOLPURMVA

24"x120KM,PLANNEDSKP-TH.MUHABBATPIPELINE

4”x1

2KM

S

8”x8Kms (R1-R2)

10”x19.7LATIFNORTH-1GASPIPELINE-OMV

8”x0.8kms

10”X78KMSGURGURI-KOHATGASPIPELINE

Hycarbex

10”

Cv24

8”

8”

LATIFNORTH-SAWANCPP

16”X47KM

SKPBY HYCARBEX8"x0.8KM,HASEEB-

LOOPLINE(YEAR2011)

102KM PROPOSEDHQ2-NARA-SAWAN PIPELINEFORLNG

55KMKHEWARI-HQ224KMKHEWARI-NARA

12 35 SINJHORO-LUNDO”X KM, PIPELINE(YEAR2012)

24”X33KM,TANDOADAM MASSU LOOPLINE

PIPELINE6”X23KM SUJAWAL-GULARCHI

6”X16KM NUR-GULARCHIPIPELINE

17KM LNGLINEBY IMPORTER

17KM LNGLINEBY SSGC

20”x31KM ACPL-SURJANI

24” DIA

10”D

IA

42”

10”X9KMSMAKORI-LACHI8”x12KMS

21KMPAKLANDKATHOREPAKLANDLINK

MANZALAI PLANT MANZALAI CPE

PARCO

ARL

BOSICAR

ORIENTBALLOKI

229MW

ATLAS225MW

SAMUNDARI

150MW

110MWTPS GUDDU

SAIFPOWER229MW

NISHAT

200MW

SHAHUWALA

150MW

SatianaRd.200MW

51MWNAUDERO

232MW

KARKEY

PIRANGHAIB192MW

GULF62MW

INDEPENDED

200MW

ENGRO POWER227MW

KHANKHWAR

122MW

UAEG.T.240MW

UAE G.T.

DUBERKHWAR

HUBCONAROWAL

220W

HALMORE

NISHATCHUNIAN

200MW

80MW

225MW

LIBERTYPOWER200 MW

JINNAH

101MW

96MW

NANDIPUR

425MW

BESTWAY

200MW

750MWGUDDU

GULISTAN

CHICHOKI

ALLAIKHAWAR

121MW

KURRAM TANGI

83.4 MW

325MW

200MW

586MW

UCH-II

404 MW

SHAHKOT200MW

NEW BONG

84MW

100MW

KOTLI

120MWKANDRA

100MW

GULPUR

SHAHPUR150MW

PATRIND

147MW

INTEGRATED405MW

KAROT

720MW

BUNJI

4500MW

TARBELA3478MW

1000MW

WARSAK

243MWGHAZIBROTHA

1450MW

MANGLA

CHASHMA

184MW

LAKHRA

JAM SHORO850MW

KOTRI174MW

QUETA35MW

TPSMUZAFFARGARH

1350MW

GUDDU1655MW

150MW

195MW

GTPSFAISALABAD

NGPSMULTAN

244MW

SPSFAISALABAD132MW

SHAHDRA55MW

KOHINOOR131MW

KAPCO

1638MW

AESLALPIR362MW

HUBCO

1292MW

365MW

SOUTHERN

136MW

AESPAKGEN

HABIBULLAH

140MW

UCH POWER

450MW

ROUSCH

FAUJIKABIRWALA

157MW

125MW

SABAHPOWER

JAPAN POWER

135MW

235MW

JAGRAN

325MW

TNBLIBERTY

30MW

MALAKAND-III

ALTERN

29MW

81MW

AGL

165MW

ALSTOM135MW

GEPower

150MW

FOUNDATION

185MW

137

126MWTAPAL

136MW

GULAHMED

PASNI

17MW

RASUL

22MW

SHADIWAL

14MWNANDIPUR

14MW

RENALA1MW

CHITRAL

1MW

PANJGUR

KURRAM GARHI

39MW

4MW

13MW

1260MWBQPS-1

225MWSAPPHIRE

59MWSHAHDRA

528MW

WALTER

BQPS-2

GRANGEHOLDING

STAR134MW

205MW

RESHMA

163MW

201.30MW

TAUNSA

120MW

70MWTAPAL

155.55MWRUBA

SIALKOT

65MW

130 MWSEHRA

KOHALA

1100MW500MW

CHAKOTIHATTIAN

4320MW

130MW

SUKIKINARI

840MW

NEELUM-JHELUM

969MW

KAIGHA

548MWDASSU

MADIAN

157MW

ASRIT-KEDAM

215MW

MATILTANT

84MWGABRAL-KALAM

137MW

GOLENGOL

106MW

MUNDADAM

LAWAI

6605MW

CHASHMA

CHASNUPP-2

70MW

KEYALKHWAR

SPATGAH

496MW

PHANDER

80MW

NALTAR-I

18MW

DIAMERBASHA HARPO

7100MW

33MW

28MW

BASHO

SATPARA

17MW

PALASVALLEY

665MW

72MW

PATAN

2800MW

THAKOT

2800MW

HARIGHEL

53MW

GOMALZAM

17 MW

DAVIS

340MWCHASNUPP-3

1200MW

SINDHENGROTHARCOAL

340MW

JABBAN

CHASNUPP-4

22MW

SHARMI

115MW

DARGAI

20MW

TARBELAEXT.

960MW

BARA

TANK ZAM

25.5MW

NAULONG

4.4MW

NAI GAJ4.2MW

WINDER

0.3MWHINGOL

3MW

5.8MW

GEIP

590 MWMAHI

AZADPATTAN

640 MW

Directorate General ofPetroleum Concessions

10


Policy FocusOil and gas are major components of Pakistan'senergy mix meeting over 80% of energy needs(Fig.1)andtherefore,successiveGovernments,sinceindependencehaveattachedhighprioritytothissector.TheGovernmentshaveadoptedconsistentpoliciesaimed at promoting foreign investment in upstreampetroleumsectorwiththeviewtoexploitindigenoushydrocarbonresourcesinanoptimalmannerforthebenefitofthenationwhileprovidingadequatereturntotheinvestors.Pakistan'scommerciallyexploitableenergyresourcesconsistofnaturalgas,oil,coalandhydropower. The country's current yearly primaryenergy supply is about 66.02 million tonnes of oilequivalent.

Investment ProtectionForeign investment is fully protected under foreigninvestment protection law of 1976 passed by theParliament,underwhichtheGovernmentguaranteesfullsafeguardtoforeigninvestmentsinPakistan.The

Governments have been providing policy packageof liberal incentivestoenhanceexplorationactivitiesin the country, the latest of which was introduced in2012.

Onshore AreasThefirstexplorationwellintheundividedBritishIndiawhichisnowPakistan,wasdrilledin1868nearanoilseepatKundalinPunjabprovincebyPunjabOrientalState. Later on, wells sunk to about 150 m nearKathan oil seeps produced 800,000 gallons of oilbetween1886and1892.Butthefirstcommercialoildiscoverywasmadein1915atKhaur(4.31MMbo),inPunjabprovincebyAttockOilCompany(AOC).

In1952,PakistanPetroleumLimited(PPL)madethelargestandmostsignificantgasdiscoverytodateinPakistanatSui.TheoriginalrecoverablegasreservesatSuiwereabout13Tcf.ThediscoveryofSuiGasFieldwas thefirstmajormilestone in thesearch forhydrocarbonsinPakistan.

11


Later,othersignificantdiscoveriesofnaturalgasweremadeatUch(909MMboe)byPPLin1955,Mari(1.3Bboe)byESSOin1957andKandhkot(299MMboe)by PPL in 1959. Meyal (95 MMboe) Oil field wasdiscoveredin1968inPotwarbyPOL.OGDCLmadegas/condensate discovery in 1976 at Dhodak (95MMboe) inPunjab.Twoyears later,PPLdiscoveredAdhi Oil and Gas Field (146 MMboe) in Potwar.This was the first commercial oil/gas discovery inthe rocks of Paleozoic age in east Potwar area. In1981,UnionTexasPakistan (UTP)discoveredoil atKhaskeli(14MMbo)intheLowerIndusBasin(Sindh)inearlyCretaceousLowerGorusands.AfterSui,thediscovery of oil in the Lower Indus Basin was thesecondmilestone in thesearch forhydrocarbons inPakistan. This led to a boom in exploration activityin the Lower Indus Basin, resulting in several oilandgasdiscoveries.

OGDCL made a discovery in the Middle IndusBasin at Qadirpur (4.5 Tcf) in 1989. Following

this, a number of discoveries by Eni and OMV inpartnership with PPL, OGDCL and others weremade in thesamebasin. In theKirthar foldbelt thefirstcommercialdiscoverywasmadebyEniin1998followedbyanotherdiscoverybyBHPinthesameyear. InKohatBasin thefirstoilandgasdiscoverywasmadein1999byOGDCL.

Thereafter, five oil and gas discoveries were madebyMOLofHungaryinpartnershipwithPPL,OGDCLandPOLandtwomorebyOGDCL.In2009,POGCand PPL drilled Rehman-01 well in Kirthar foldbeltresultinginthecountry’sfirsttightsanddiscoveryfromUpperPabsandstone.SubsequenttothePetroleumPolicy2009andthebiddinground,discoveriesweremadein2013byPPLandEni.

Application of modern technology has resulted inseveral discoveries and confidently point towardsadditional exploration potential in all basins of thecountry.

Foreign investment is fully protected under foreign investment protection law of 1976 passed by the Parliament, under which the Government guarantees full safeguard to foreign investments in Pakistan.

12


Offshore AreasTheoffshoreregionofPakistanconsistsoftwobasins:IndusandMakran. The Indusbasin constitutes thesecondlargestdelta/fansystemintheworldaftertheBayofBengal.Thisisanalogoustomanyproducingbasinsoftheworldingeologicalterms.

ExplorationintheIndusOffshoredatesbackto1961when Sun Oil Company (USA) carried out seismicsurveys and based on this, drilled three near-shorewells.Subsequently,Wintershall(Germany)drilledthreewells.Husky(USA)alsodrilledonewell.SomeofthesewellsencounteredhighpressuresinMioceneSection,remainingshortoftargetobjectives,althoughgasshowsand non-commercial gas quantitieswere reported inmost wells. Occidental (USA), drilled a well Sadaf-1(1989) after conducting modern seismic survey andTOTALdrilledPakG-2uptoadepthof4,750metersin thewaterdepthof2,713mduring2004, targetinganEocenecarbonatebuildupprovingthepresenceofgoodqualityEocenecarbonatereservoir.IntheMakranbasinPPLdrilledPasniX-1in2006butremainedshortofthetargetobjective.Subsequently,ShelldrilledAnne-X1wellindeepwater(1300m)toadepthof3,250mduring2007.Later,EnidrilledShark-01welluptodepthof3500minearly2010.

Pakistan offshore exploration has a challenginghistory and a promising future. Given present-day

technology, the basins hold considerable potentialforhydrocarbondiscoveries.Currently,GovernmentHoldings Pakistan Limited has Production SharingAgreements in 16 offshore licenses with Eni,OGDCL, PPL, UEPL, Niko Resources and PEL intheoffshoreIndus.

OffshoreMakranhasbeenunder-exploredwithonlyfourwells drilled including one byPPL. A detailedevaluation with application of modern technology,exploration can lead to success in the offshoreMakranaswell.

Shale ExploitationPakistanhasabigpotentialandisconsideredagoodcandidateforshalegasexplorationandproduction.According toUSEnergy InformationAdministration(US EIA) estimates, Pakistan has technicallyrecoverableshalegasreservesof105Tcf.Inadditionsouthern Pakistan is estimated to hold shale oilreservesofover9billionbarrels.Independentshalespecific studies carried out by PPL independentlyand in collaboration with Eni in Pakistan alsosupportpresenceofsignificanthydrocarbonbearing shales. The Government is developing an “InterimShale Gas/Oil Framework” which would providespecial incentives to technically and financially sound companies interested in undertaking shale“PilotsProjects”.

13


Pakistan Basin StudyPakistan Basin Study was completed in 2009covering all the sedimentary basins of the country.The objective of the studywas to get a consistentcountrywide assessment of the main prospectivepetroleumplayfairways. Assessmentofpetroleumplaysandtheircomponentelements recognized in these basins comprisesreservoirsfromtheInfracambriantoPleistoceneage,asunder:

Kohat-Potwar BasinThe basin is located in Northern Pakistan north ofSargodhaHigh. Proven and potentially viable playsrangeinagefromInfra-CambriantoMiocene.

Punjab Platform BasinThePunjabPlatformisseparatedfromUpperIndusBasin by Sargodha High to the north and Mari-KandhkotHightothesouthandSulaimanForedeeptothewest.ProvenandpotentiallyviableplaysrangeinagefromInfra-CambriantoEocene. Lower Indus / Middle Indus BasinThe Lower Indus / Middle Indus basin, located to

thesouthofMari-KandhkotHighandtotheeastofKirthar Foldbelt. Proven andpotentially viable playsrangeinagefromPre-Cambriantorecentage. Kirthar FoldbeltKirthar Foldbelt is thenorth-south trending tectonicfeature.ItincludesKirtharFoldbelt,KirtharForedeepandsouthernAxialBelt.ProvenorpotentiallyviableplaysrangeinagefromTriassictorecentage.

Sulaiman FoldbeltSulaiman Foldbelt is one of the most prospectiveregions of Pakistan, which includes SulaimanFoldbelt, Sulaiman Foredeep and northern part ofAxialBelt.Provenandpotentiallyviableplays rangeinagefromMiddleJurassictoMiocene.

Balochistan BasinBalochistan Basin is the least explored basin ofPakistan, having potentially viable plays ranging inagefromPaleocenetoOligocene.

Indus Offshore BasinThe IndusFan isboundedbyMurrayRidgeon thewest. Potentially viable plays ranging in age fromLower Eocene- Middle Miocene to Oligocene-Neogene.

Makran Offshore BasinThis basin is located along the Makran coast ofPakistan to the west of Murray Ridge. Potentiallyviable plays ranging in age from Middle – UpperMiocenetoPleistocene.

Bright Past & Brighter FuturePakistan's sedimentary basins continue to holdpromise for new exciting discoveries particularly inoffshore,whicharerelativelyunder-exploredandhavebecomemain areas of focus after improved policyincentivesbasedonproductionsharingagreement.A commercial discovery in offshore area is likely tobolster exploration activities transformingpetroleumlandscapeofPakistaninmajorway.

In order to remain attractive in highly competitiveglobal exploration market, the Government hasbeenmakingprogressivechangesintheinvestmentpoliciesandregulationsatregularintervals.WithfirstE&Ppolicyof1991,Pakistancaughttheattentionofinternationalpetroleumindustry.Furthersubsequent

PAKISTAN'S HYDROCARBON BASINS

14


improvementsthroughpoliciesof1993,1994,1997made Pakistan an attractive location for upstreaminvestment. Pakistan over hauled the policy in2001, 2007, 2009 and then in 2012 . On accountofcombinationof factorssuchas improved returnson investment based on new fiscal incentives,transparent and open regulatory environment,induction of market reforms and technologicaladvances,theGovernmentexpectspositiveinfluenceon local upstream market and hopes that forwardmomentumwillbemaintained.

Total 850 exploratory wells (since inception) havebeendrilled tillSeptember2013, (834onshoreand16 offshore) in the sedimentary basins of Pakistancovering 827,268 sq. km. upto September 2012,271oilandgasfields(62oiland209gasandgas/condensate) have been made in various basins ofPakistan which gives drilling density of 2.44 wellsper1,000sq. kmandsuccess rateof1:3.2(Fig2).Despitelowerdrillingdensityascomparedtoglobaldrilling density of 10 wells per 1,000 sq. km, thesuccess rate of Pakistan compares favourablywithinternationalsuccessrateof1:10.

Thetotalrecoverablereservesofnaturalgasandoilareestimatedat53.354trillioncubic feet (TCF)and1004.54 million barrels respectively. Allowing forcumulative production, the remaining reserves are285.677Millionbarrelsoil(Fig.3)and23.180TCFgas(Fig4).LargeareasofPakistan'spetroliferousbasinsstill remain geological frontier and holds promisefor the future in view of the multiple habitats forpetroleumgenerationandaccumulation.Independentinternationalstudiesindicateanoilandgaspotentialthatismanytimesmorethantheseprovenreserves.

Oil and gas production has registered a steadyincrease over the last few years on the back ofsuccessful exploratory efforts of the companies.The production of oil during 2012-13 was 76,277barrelsperday(Fig.5)whilegasproductionreacheda record level of 4.259billion cubic feet per day in2011-12(Fig.6).

Drilling activity has also seen an upsurge, which isanothermeasureofthesuccessoftheGovernment'spolicyinitiatives.Total97wells(35explorationand62development)weredrilledduring2012-13(Fig.7).

An assessment of Yet-to-Find reserves at an unrisked value for all of the basins studied suggests 3585 MMBOand66.26TCFgas.

15


4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0

80000

70000

60000

50000

40000

30000

20000

10000

02002-03 2008-092005-06 2011-122003-04 2009-102006-07 2012-132004-05 2010-112007-08

2002-03 2008-092005-06 2011-122003-04 2009-102006-07 2012-132004-05 2010-112007-08

16


During the last three fiscal years, 32 concessionagreementsweresigned.Theseagreementscoveredanareaofalmost67,864.09sq.kmandattractedafinancialcommitmentofatleastUS$169.56millionduringexplorationphase.

Pakistan remains an active and prospectiveexplorationcountry.Significant findscontinue tobemade in the existing producing areas aswell as inless-exploredregions.Theprovenrateofexplorationsuccessandasizeabledomesticoilandgasmarketpresentpromisinginvestmentopportunities.

Pakistan needs to explore, develop and exploit its petroleum resources to achieve greaterself-reliance in energy supplies. Attractive termsand conditions for investors are, therefore, beingoffered by the Government to accelerate theexploration and development of oil and gas. The

basic law that regulates the upstream sector istheRegulationofMinesandOilFieldsandMineralDevelopment (Government Control) Act, 1948.Current legal framework for upstream sector is giveninFig8.

TheupstreamactivitiesintheoilandgassectorareadministeredandregulatedthroughtheDirectorateGeneralofPetroleumConcessions(DGPC)ofPolicyWing,MinistryofPetroleumandNaturalResources.Policy Wing has three more directorates namely,Directorate General of Gas (DG Gas), DirectorateGeneral of Oil (DG Oil) and Directorate GeneralSpecial Projects (DGSP) toprovide support to theGovernmentinformulationofpoliciesformidstreamand downstream oil and gas sector. With theformation of Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority(OGRA), midstream and down-stream oil and gassectorsareregulatedbyOGRA.

Oil and gas production has registered a steady increase over the last few years on the back of successful exploratory efforts of the companies.

17


LEGALFRAMEWORK

Laws• MinesAct1923• RegulationofMinesandOilfieldsandMineralDevelopment(GovernmentControl) Act1948,includingAmendmentof1976• TerritorialWatersandMaritimeZonesAct1976• PakistanEnvironmentalProtectionOrdinance1997• IncomeTaxOrdinance2001(FifthSchedule)

Rules & Regulations• PakistanPetroleum(Production)Rules1949• OilandGas(SafetyinDrilling&Development)Regulations1974• PakistanPetroleum(Exploration&Production)Rules1986• PakistanPetroleum(Exploration&Production)Rules2001• PakistanOffshorePetroleum(Exploration&Production)Rules2003• PakistanOnshorePetroleum(Exploration&Production)Rules2009• ThirdPartyAccessRules2011• PakistanOnshorePetroleum(Exploration&Production)Rules2013

Policies• Petroleum(Exploration&Production)Policies1994to2012• LowBTUGasPricingPolicy2012• TightGas(Exploration&Production)Policy2011• Marginal/StrandedGasFields:GasPricing&CriteriaandGuidelines2013

Upstream activities in the oil and gas sector are administered and regulated through theDirectorateGeneralofPetroleumConcessions (DGPC)ofPolicyWing,MinistryofPetroleumandNaturalResources.

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ZoningThe country has been divided into zones basedon their relative prospectivity and geological risk.Onshore areas are sub-divided in three zones;ZONE-Ihighrisk-highcostareas,ZONE-IImediumrisk -high tomediumcostareasandZONE-III lowrisk-low cost areas. Offshore areas are also sub-divided in three zones; Shallow, Deep and UltraDeep. (Fig. 9). Separate incentives have nowbeenprovidedfortheonshoreandoffshoreareasofthecountry.

Concession Award ProcessOnshoreandOffshoreE&Prightswillbeawardedviathreedistinctprocedures:•ThegrantingofPetroleumExplorationLicencesfor entering into PCA or PSA in relation to onshore and offshore blocks offered through competitive bidding.•The granting of Petroleum Exploration Licences forenteringintoPCAorPSAinrelationtoonshore and offshore blocks without competitive bidding toStrategicPartnerCompaniesonGovernmentto Governmentbasis.•The granting of non-exclusive Reconnaissance Permits for undertaking studies and multi-client surveysafterdirectnegotiation.

Invitation to BidDGPC issues an Invitation to Bid in nationalnewspapers& theMPNRwebsite. Invitation toBidmaycoverthenominatedblocksandsuchadditionalblocksasDGPCmaydeemappropriate.AnInvitationtoBidwill remain valid for at least 60 days and allcompaniesprovidingtherequisiteinformationwouldbeeligibletocontestInvitationtoBid. Within 15 days of bid opening date, the biddersofferingtheequalnumberofthehighestWorkUnitswillbeaskedtore-bidtheWorkUnitsandthebidderoffering thehigherWorkUnits in the re-biddingwillbe declared the winner, provided however, bidderscannotofferWorkUnitslowerthantheonepreviouslyoffered.

Execution of AgreementDGPCwill make every effort to conclude and signa Petroleum Concession Agreement or ProductionSharingAgreementasthecasemaybestrictlybasedonthemodelprovidedwiththebiddocuments.

Gas MarketE&P companies operating in Pakistan will beallowed to construct and operate pipelines forlocal requirements and for exportsof their shareofpetroleumwhichshallbe regulatedby the regulatorconcernedinaccordancewithapplicablelaws,rules,regulationsandthepolicybasedonanopen-access(third party) regime. E&P Companies constructingsuch pipelines would be allowed priority accessbasedonafirmutilizationplan. Whetheraconnectingpipeline fromoutletflange tothenearesttransmissionsystem,isconstructedandoperatedbyaproducer,athirdpartyoragovernmentnominated entity, the producer will be required toconfirmtherequisitegassupplyvolumes,pressures,reservesandothertechnicalparametersonstandardsupplytermcontractbasisforaperiodtobeagreedbetweentheparties.

The basis of the tariff allowed and paid monthlyfor delivery from outlet flange into the transmissionsystem will be determined by the regulator basedupona‘rateofreturnonequity’basisattherateof12% with the capital cost being amortized over aminimumof15years.

Allowable costs will include operating cost andinterestpayableontheinitialcapitalovertheminimum15yearamortizationperiod.

For more detailed information, please refer toPetroleum (ExplorationandProduction)Policy2012by visiting: http://www.mpnr.gov.pk/gop/index.php?q=aHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguNzAuMTM2L21wbnIvZnJtRGV0YWlscy5hc3B4P2lkPTImYW1wO29wdD1wb2xpY2llcw%3D%3D

Upstream SectorProcedural and Regulatory Measures

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The main features of the package for the threeonshorezoneswhichisavailableforallnewawardstotheE&PCompanies,areenumeratedinthefollowingparagraphs:

Royalties [email protected]%ofthevalueofpetroleumproducedandsavedatthefieldgate.

Corporate Income Tax Corporateincometaxiscappedat40%ofprofitsandgainswithroyaltypaymentsallowedasexpenseitem.

Prospectivity ZonationOnshoreareaisdividedintothreeprospectivityzonesbasedonriskandinvestmentasfollows:

State And Local Companies' Mandatory ParticipationIncaseofJointventureswithforeigncompanies,localE&P companies includingGHPL shall haveworkinginterestonfullparticipation,asmentionedbelow:

Production BonusesProductionBonusesarepayableasfollows:

Work Unit ConceptForthepurposeofprovidingflexibilitytothecontractsindischargeofworkobligationsunderthepetroleumconcessionagreements,anewconceptofworkunitshas been developed which enables the petroleumright holder to finalize theWorkprogrammesbasedon thebest technical judgmentascompared to theprevioussystemoffirmobligationofseismiccoverageandnumberofwells.

Import Duties And TaxesInaccordancewithSRO678(I)/2004dated7thAugust,2004,importdutiesandsalestaxarepayable@5%ontheimportofequipmentnotlocallymanufactured.Theimportdutyis10%foritemslocallymanufacturedotherthanwellheadonwhichimportdutyis15%.

Moreover,no importduties,salestaxor licensefeesisapplicableonmachinery,equipmentandmaterialsetc.importedorexportedbythecompaniesprovidingtechnical services to petroleum exploration andproductioncompanies.

Training ContributionsTrainingfeeisapplicableasfollows:US$25,000peryear - ExplorationphaseUS$50,000peryear - Developmentand ProductionPhase

Social Welfare ContributionsThefollowingminimumexpenditureshallbeincurredonwelfareprojects:

Onshore Package

DuringExploration USD25,000PerLicenseYearStageUntilCommercialProduction

DuringCommercial Amount/LeaseYear(USD)ProductionPhase(BOE/d)

LessThan2,000 50,000(ZonesO&I);37,500 (Zones11&111)

2,000-5000 100,000(ZonesO&I);75,000 (Zones11&111)

5,000-10,000 200,000(ZonesO&I);150,000 (Zones11&111) 10,000-50,000 400,000(ZonesO&I);300,000 (Zones11&111)

MoreThan50,000 700,000(ZonesO&I);525,000 (Zones11&111)

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Windfall LevyWindfall Levy (WLO)will be applicable on crude oilandcondensateusingthefollowingformula:WLO=0.4x(M-R)x(P-B)Where:WLO-WindfallLevyoncrudeoilandcondensate;M -Netproduction(petroleumproduced&saved);R -Royalty;P -MarketPriceofcrudeoilandcondensateB BasePrice,whichwillbeasunder:a. Thebasepriceforcrudeoilandcondensatewill beUSD40perbbl.b. Thisbaseprice forcrudeandcondensatewill escalate each calendar year by USD 0.5 per barrelstartingfromthedateoffirstcommercial productionincontractarea.

Allthebenefitofwindfalllevymaybeequallydividedbetween the Federal Government and ProvincialGovernment concerned. The ceiling would bereviewedasandwhenpricingdynamicssignificantlychangeintheinternationalmarket.

5. 10%oftheroyaltywillbeutilizedinthedistrict whereoilandgasisproducedforinfrastructure development.

6. For sale of natural gas to parties other than GOP,WindfallLevy(WLG)willbeapplicableon the difference between the applicable GOP Zonepriceand the3rdpartysalepriceusing thefollowingformula:

WLG=0.4x(PG-BR)xVWhere:WLG-WindfallLevyonshareofnaturalgas;PG -ThirdPartySalePriceofnaturalgas;BR -BasePrice;V -Volumeofgassoldtothirdpartyexcluding royalty.

The Base Price will be the applicable Zone priceforsaletoGOPasoutlinedinsectionIV(10)below.Wherethe3rdpartysalepriceofgasislessorequalto the base price, the windfall shall be zero. Thewindfall levy shall not applyon salesof natural gasmadetoGovernmentofPakistanandtheProvincialGovernment.

Oil, Gas, Lpg And Condensate Producer Price CrudeOilTheProducerPolicyPrice for crudeoil deliveredatthenearestrefinerygateshallbeequaltoC&Fpriceof a comparable crude oil or a basket of Arabian/

PersianGulfcrudeoils(ReferenceCrudeorRC)plusorminus a quality differential between the RC andthelocalcrudeoil.Nootheradjustmentordiscountwill apply other than Windfall Levy. C&F price willbearrivedatonthebasisofFOBpriceof importedcrudeoilsintoPakistanplusfreightonAFRA,whichisdeemedcharteredrate.

CondensateThe Producer Policy Price for condensate will betheFOBpriceof internationallyquotedcomparablecondensatedeliveredatthenearestrefinerygateplusorminusaqualityyielddifferential,basedonthevalueintheArabianGulfspotproductsmarketofthecrudeoil/condensate.NootheradjustmentordiscountwillapplyotherthanWindfallLevy.

LiquefiedPetroleumGasFornewprojects, theLPGproducerpricewillbeaderegulatedsubject.

GasPricingThe price for Associated or Non Associated Gaswill be indexed to the C&F price of a basket ofArabian/Persian crude oil import in Pakistan duringthe first six months period of the seven monthsperiod immediately preceding the relevant pricenotificationperiod(importBasket)aspublishedinaninternationally recognized publication acceptable tothepartiesforvariouszones.C&FPricewillbearrivedatonthebasisofFOBpriceof imported crude oils intoPakistan plus freight onAFRA,whichisdeemedcharteredrates.

TheRCPceilingofUSD110/barrelwouldbereviewedafter every five years or as and when the pricingdynamics significantly change in the internationalmarket,asprovidedintheapplicablerules.

Transmission TariffE&Pcompaniesareallowed transmission tariff forthegaspipelineconnectingthefieldgatetothemaintransmission system, if such system is constructedandoperatedbythem.

Exploration PeriodExplorationperiodconsistsofaninitialtermof5yearscomprisingPhase-IofthreeyearsandPhase-IIoftwoyearstogetherwithtwosubsequentrenewalsofoneyeareach,foratotalperiodof7years.

Retention PeriodAmaximumretentionperiodofupto5yearsisallowedon a case by case basis to enable the companies

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to evaluate commercial aspects of the discoveryand to make market arrangements for disposal of discoveredgas.

Total Lease Term Total term of the lease is up to 25 years plus five yearsrenewal.

Relinquishments Maximum2,500S.Kmwithsubsequentprogressivearearelinquishmentof30%oftheoriginalareaafterPhase-I of initial term, 20% of the remaining areaafter Phase-II of the initial term and 10% of theremainingareaonorbeforethestartofsecondone yearrenewal.

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Offshore Package ROYALTIESFollowingRoyaltyschedulewillbeapplied:

Corporate Income TaxCorporateincometaxiscappedat40%ofprofitsandgainswithroyaltypaymentsallowedastaxexpenseitem.

DepreciationThefollowingdepreciationrateswillapply:Carry forward of any unabsorbed depreciation untilsuchdepreciationisfullyabsorbed.

Direct Government ParticipationA sliding scale production sharing arrangementwillbeusedinsteadofdirectgovernmentparticipation.

Production SharingTheproductionsharingagreementwillbeexecutedby the Contractor with GHPL who will be grantedthe Exploration Licence and Development andProduction Lease. The Contractor will thereforeinitially receive the profit oil and profit gas sharesandwill be responsible for themanagement of theproductionsharingagreements. Cost LimitCostlimitis85%includingtheroyaltyof12.5%.TheContractorcanrecover100%ofthecostsfromuptoamaximumof85%ofthegrossrevenues.

Production BonusesProductionBonuseswill beasoutlined in the tablebelow.

Work Unit ConceptForthepurposeofprovidingflexibilitytothecontractsindischargeofworkobligationsundertheproductionsharingagreements,workunitswillbeusedinsteadoffirmobligationofseismiccoverageofwells.

Marine Research FeeAmarineresearchandcoastalareadevelopmentfeewillbeapplicableasperthefollowingschedule:

Training ContributionsTrainingfeeisapplicableasfollows:

– US$50,000peryearduringExplorationphase

– US$250,000peryearduringDevelopmentand Productionphase

Gas Transmission PipelineThe first pipeline connecting a field to onshore gastransmissionsystemisallowedascostrecoverable,ifsuchsystemisconstructedandoperatedbytheE&PCompanies.

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Import Duties And TaxesAsisalsoapplicableforonshoreareas,importdutiesandtaxesforareaslocatedinoffshoreisdeterminedin accordance with SRO 678(I)/2004, dated 7thAugust2004.

Exploration PeriodExplorationperiodconsistsofaninitialtermof5yearsandtwosubsequentrenewalsofone-yearseach,foratotalexplorationperiodof7years.

Retention PeriodIncaseofGasdiscoveryamaximumretentionperiodofupto10yearsisallowedonacasebycasebasisto enable the companies to evaluate commercialaspects of the discovery and to make marketarrangementsfordisposalofdiscoveredgas.

Total Lease TermInitial termof 25 years based on production profileplusonepossiblerenewalof5years.

Policy For Grant Of Lease After Expiry Of Lease Term1. For grant of petroleum rights after the expiry of

lease period, DGPC can renew the lease termfor another five years term in case the existingleaseholderagreestopayanamountequivalentto15%ofthewellheadvaluetotheGovernmentotherwiseDGPCwill invitebidsusingthecallforbidsoneyearbeforetheendoftheleaseperiodfrompre-qualified companies seeking to have apetroleumrightovertheleasearea,inrelationtoanyproducingfieldforanadditionaltenyears.Thebidswill be evaluatedon thebasis ofSignatureBonus,whichwouldbespentforsocialwelfareoftheareainwhichthefieldislocated.

2. Eachbidder(s)shallprovideabidbondof10%oftheofferedsignaturebonusatthetimeofbidding.

3. DGPCshallbeundernoobligation tograntanyextension.

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LowBTUGasisgaswhichdoesnotcontainmethaneasitsprimaryconstituentandhasthegrossheatingvalueoflessthan450BTU/SCFT.

TheLowBTUGasPricingPolicy,2012 isaimedatachievingthefollowingprincipalobjectives.

1. Fast track development and production of gasfrom the existing discovered Low BTU Gasreservoirswhichhave remaineddormantdue topooreconomics.

2. Opportunity for the investors forexplorationandproduction of Low BTU Gas which would helpincrease the power generation capacity of thecountryandreducetheenergydeficit.

3. Improving balance of payments position byreducingtheneedfor importofother fuelssuchas LNG and Fuel Oil requiring Massive foreignexchangeoutflow.

4. Producing additional power at affordable tarifffor the consumers by using indigenous gasresources.

5. Boosting local manufacturing of equipments forproductionofLowBTUGas.

6. Increasingsecurityofenergysupplies.

For thesaleofLowBTUGas topartiesother thangovernment,windfall levyequal to25%amountwillbe paid to government on the difference between theapplicableLowBTUGaspolicyprice&itssaletothirdparty.

Windfall LevyFor thesaleofLowBTUGas topartiesother thangovernment,windfall levyequal to25%amountwillbe paid to government on the difference betweentheapplicableLowBTUGaspolicyprice&itssaleto thirdparty.

Importdutiesandotherlevies/taxes

AsperapplicableSRO.

RemittanceofProceedsAbroad

TheprovisionsofPetroleum(Exploration&Production)Policy,2012shallbeapplicable.

Production BonusThefirstproductionbonusapplicabletothegrantofaDevelopmentandProductionleaseofaLowBTUGasfieldshallbewaived.

Low BTU Gas

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Tight gas refers to gas that is trapped in unusuallyimpermeablehardrockorinasandstoneorlimestoneformation that is unusually impermeable and non-porous.

Promulgation of the “Tight Gas (Exploration &Production)Policy2011”isbasedonachievementofthefollowingprinciplenationalobjectives.

1. Startoffasttrackdevelopmentandproductionofgasfromtheexistingtightgasreservoirsthatarenotbeingproducedduetonon-commerciality.

2. Toopennewfrontiersforexplorationoftightgaswhichwouldhelpincreasetheproductionlevelforreducingtheenergydeficit.

3. Raisingadditionalgovernmentrevenues.

4. Improving balance of payment position byreducing the need for import of alternative fuels(LNG/Fuel Oil) which requires massive foreignexchange.

5. Reducingrecoursetosovereigndebtsbysavingforeigncurrency.

6. Keepingthelocalgaspricesataffordableleveltotheconsumersbyproducingcheapergasvis-à-visimports.

7. Generatingemploymentforthenationals.

8. Boosting local manufacturing industry forsupply of equipments for production of tightgasby internationalcollaborationandtransferoftechnology.

9. Increasedependabilityandsecurityofsupplyanditssustainedavailability.

Gas Pricing InordertoexploitTightGasReserves,40%premiumwould be given over the respective zonal price ofPetroleumPolicy2009.

However in order to encourage the companies tofasttrackdevelopment&productionoftightgas,anadditional 10% premium would be given for thosevolumes that are brought into production within 2yearsofannouncementofthispolicy.Forexampleifafield”A“produces300MMCFDwithintwoyearsoftheannouncementofthisPolicy,itwouldbeentitledto 50% premium for 300 MMCFD gas only. Anysubsequentadditioninvolumesafterexpiryofthetwoyearsperiodwouldbeentitledto40%premiumonly. Theworking interest owners shall have the right tosellthegastothirdpartieswithinPakistanatmutuallynegotiatedpricesbetweentheSellerandtheBuyer.

Royalty Royalty shall be payable as per Petroleum Policy2009.

Tax Loss Carry Forward Operatinglosscanbecarriedforwardtoaperiodnotexceedingfifteen(15)years.

Abandonment CostsAsperFinanceAct2010.

Windfall levyNo windfall levy will be applicable to the tight gasproduction.

Tight Gas

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Additional financial incentives are required forE&P companies to attract them in developing andproducing from the Marginal Fields discoveriesmaking their investment economically viable toacceleratetheE&Pactivitiesinthecountry.

The purpose of these Guidelines is to establishpolicies, procedures and pricing mechanism toaccelerate the development and production fromMarginalFielddiscoveriesand fromre-developmenteffortsfromsuchdiscoveriesinPakistan.

Applicability & Effect of the GuidelinesTheMarginalFieldGuidelines,2013shallcomeintoeffect from the date of its notification in the officialGazette. The incentives of this Guidelines shallhowever, apply to discoveries that qualify and areacceptedas“MarginalFields”undertheexistingandfuture exploration licences, PCAs, D&P leases andMining leasesbutarenot inproductionprior to thenotificationoftheseGuidelines.

Marginal/ Stranded Gas Fields

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Open Access to Public Domain Data

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TheGovernmenthasmadeeffortstofacilitateaccessto Pakistan’s Oil & Gas E&P data for both foreignand local companies. Under applicable laws, theownership of all geological, geophysical and otherdata acquired by E&P companies operating inPakistanrestswiththeGovernment.

DGPC,beingtheregulatoryagency,isthecustodianof all such data and is responsible tomake publicdomain data available to other interested E&Pcompanies when required. Keeping in line withinternational trends and realizing the value as wellascriticalroleofproperdatamanagementsolutionsin bolstering exploration activities, the governmentestablishedanationaldatarepositorycalledPakistanPetroleumExploration&ProductionDataRepository(PPEPDR).

ThePPEPDRwebportalprovidesconvenientonlineaccesstointerestedlocalandforeignpartiesthatholdinterestinacquiringPakistan’soilandgasE&Pdata.Thewebsiteoffersmanyservicesamongstwhichoneof themost noteworthyoffering is onlineaccess tothenationaldatarepository.Thishasbeenachievedthroughtheimplementationofastate-of-the-artdatamanagementsolutionbyLMKResources.

The data management solution is a high-levelenterprise system that has around 20 terabytesof quality assured petro technical data archivedthatcanbeaccessedonlineordownloaded. It isacentralizeddigitaldatabase forall seismic,well andphysicaldata.Thesolutionincorporatescutting-edgedata management, archival hardware and softwaretechnology.

The National Data Repository is equipped with astateof theartdatamanagement solutionwith thecapability to manage E&P data online, near-lineand offline. The highly scalable architecture is anintegratedsystem,accessiblethroughawebbasedGISenabledinterface.Itprovidesanintegratedviewofinformationfrommultipleexternaldatabases.Theprocess of reviewing, purchasing and transferringdatausessimplesubscriptionsforonlineaccessviaahighbandwidthconnectionenablingclientstoview,

select,andafternecessaryapprovals,downloaddatatotheirdesktops.

PPEPDRhasbeensetuptosaveprecioustimeandcost while providing reliable and fast web-basedaccesstoE&Pdata.Sinceitsinception,thePakistanNationalDataRepositoryhasimprovedspeed,easeofaccessingandsharinggeotechnicaldata.

The launchingpad foreasy,swiftandcosteffectiveaccesstopublicdataisnowsetandE&Pcompaniescanmakefulluseofthiscutting-edgefacility.Pakistanisoneofinthepioneeringimplementationofnationaldatarepositoriesintheworld.Throughsubscription,any interested company can get online access ofdata falling inpublicdomain fornewblocksaswellasopenarea.

Forfurtherinformationregardingonlinedataaccess,pleasevisit:www.ppepdr.net.

Open access to public domain data

Ministry of Petroleum & Natural ResourcesBlock "A", 3rd Floor, Pak Secretariat, Islamabad, Pakistan.Ph : +92 (51) 9211220Fax : +92 (51) 9201770-9206146Email : [email protected]

Directorate General of Petroleum Concessions1019, Pak Plaza, Fazal-ul-Haq Road,Blue Area, Islamabad, PakistanPh : +92 (51) 9204176-9202200Fax : +92 (51) 9213245Email : [email protected]

www.mpnr.gov.pk

Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Resources

Government of Pakistan

Opportunities in Pakistan’s Upstream Oil & Gas...

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