Catalytic Reforming: Catalyst, Process Technology and Operations Overview
Operations Management - Process Technology
-
Upload
nelson-opena -
Category
Business
-
view
103 -
download
2
Transcript of Operations Management - Process Technology
![Page 1: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PROCESSTECHNOLOGY
Nelson Opeña
![Page 2: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Part 2:
A. Chapter 8
Process Technology
B. Chapter 9
People, Jobs and Organization
PRESENTATION
OUTLINE
![Page 3: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Process Technology
![Page 4: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Key Questions
• What do operations managers need to know about process technology?
• How are process technologies evaluated?
• How are process technologies implemented?
![Page 5: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Operation Manager and Technology
![Page 7: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Who coined THE WORD “Robot”?Answer:
Karel Capek
![Page 8: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
I. Understand the Process Technology
II. Evaluate the Process Technology
III. Implement the Process Technology
![Page 9: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
I. Understand the Process Technology
A. Definition of Process Technology
B. Process Technology and Transformed Resources
C. Integration Technology
D. The Four Key Questions of Process Technology
E. E. Emerging Technologies – Assessing their implication
![Page 10: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
A. Definition of Process Technology
What is Process?
• A series of actions that produce something or that lead to a particular result.
(Merriam-Webster Dictionary)
![Page 11: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
A. Definition of Process Technology
What is Technology?
• The use of science in industry, engineering, etc., to invent useful things or to solve problems.(Merriam-Webster Dictionary)
![Page 12: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
A. Definition of Process Technology
Process Technology
- It is the machines, equipment, and devices that create and / or deliver products and services.
- It has very significant effect on quality, speed, dependability, flexibility and cost.
![Page 13: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
B. Process Technology and Transformed Resources
1. Material-processing technologies
2. Information-processing technologies
3. Customer-processing technologies
![Page 14: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
1. Material-Processing Technology
• It is any technology that shapes, transports, stores, or in any way changes physical objects.
• Eg. Circular saw, welding machines, etc
![Page 15: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
2. Information-Processing Technology
• It is any device which collects, manipulates, stores, or distributes information.
• Eg. E-commerce, online shops, etc
![Page 16: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
3. Customer-Processing Technology
• It is a machine or equipment that simplifies the process being done by human.
• 3 categories:
a. Active
b. Passive
c. One-way monitoring
![Page 17: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
3. Customer-Processing Technology
a. Active
- Customers use the technology to create the service
- Eg. Gym equipment, ATM, telephone, etc
![Page 18: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
3. Customer-Processing Technology
b. Passive
- Processes and controls the customer by restraining the customers action in some way
- Eg. Mass transportation systems, elevators, cinemas, etc
![Page 19: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
3. Customer-Processing Technology
c. One-way Monitoring
- Tracks customers’ movements or transactions in an obstrusive way
- Eg. RFID tags, RFID shopping carts, etc
![Page 20: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Group Activity
Intructions
• Form groups with 3 members
• Identify which type of process technology are the following pictures
• In order to answer, say the magic word “Opsman – Teddy Deocares” while raising your hand
• “Materials”, “Information”, “Customers”
• Best of 10
![Page 22: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
1. Elevator
Customer-processing technology
![Page 23: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
2. Lazada
Information-processing technology
![Page 24: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
3. Express Check-in Kiosks
Customer-processing technology
![Page 25: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
4. Automatic Pipe Welder
Material-processing technology
![Page 26: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
5. Smart Carts
Customer-processing technology
![Page 27: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
6. E-banking
Information-processing technology
![Page 28: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
7. Retail Security Tags
Customer-processing technology
![Page 29: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
8.Airport Conveyor Belts
Material-processing technology
![Page 30: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
9. eBay
Information-processing technology
![Page 31: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
10. Cars
Customer-processing technology
![Page 32: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
C. Integration Technology
- Processes material, information and customer
- eg. Electronic POS processes shoppers, products, and information
![Page 34: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
D. The Four Key Questions of Process Technology
1. What does the technology do that is different from other similar technologies?
2. How does it do it? That is, what particular characteristics of the technology are used to perform its functions?
3. What benefits does using the technology give to the operation?
4. What constraints or risks does using the technology place on the operation?
![Page 35: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Operations PrincipleOperations managers
should understand enough about process
technology to evaluate alternatives.
![Page 36: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Example 1: SAP - Cloud for Customer
• What does the technology do?
• How does it do it?
• What benefits does it give?
• What constraints or risks does it impose?
Sales Force Automation
![Page 37: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Example 1: SAP - Cloud for Customer
• What does the technology do?
It converts the manual process of selling to automated and real-time
Sales Force Automation
![Page 38: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Example 1: SAP - Cloud for Customer
• How does it do it?
It uses the “Cloud” to process sales transactions
Sales Force Automation
![Page 39: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Example 1: SAP - Cloud for Customer
• What benefits does it give?
It simplifies and speeds up the selling process
Sales Force Automation
![Page 40: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Example 1: SAP - Cloud for Customer
• What constraints or risks does it impose?
It will not sync with the cloud without internet connection
Sales Force Automation
![Page 41: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Example 2: Mobile Phones
• What does the technology do?
• How does it do it?
• What benefits does it give?
• What constraints or risks does it impose?
Communication
![Page 42: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
E. Emerging Technologies – Assessing their implication
• To demonstrate how operations managershave to look beyond the technology inorder to start to understand theirimplications.
![Page 43: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Operations Principle
Emerging technologies can have a potentially significant
impact on how operations are managed.
![Page 44: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
What is IoT?A network of internet-connected objects able to collect and exchange data using embedded sensors.(Tech Insider)
![Page 46: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
RetailApplication
![Page 48: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
OLDUniversal Product Code-“Barcode”- uses bar code scanner- identifies type of item
NEWElectronic Product Code-“RFID”- can be scanned with wireless radio frequency reader- identifies each item
Product Codes
![Page 49: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
IMPLICATIONS A. Positive1. Information and analysis
a. Knowing where things areb. Knowing what is happeningc. Knowing what to do
2. Automation and controla. Process optimizationb. Optimized resource usagec. Fast reactions
![Page 50: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
IMPLICATIONS B. Negative1. High price2. Accuracy of information3. Customer privacy
![Page 51: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
I. Understand the Process Technology
II. Evaluate the Process Technology
III. Implement the Process Technology
![Page 52: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
II. Evaluate Process Technology
Criteria for evaluation:
A. Does the technology fit the processing task for which it is intended?
B. How does the technology improve the operations performance?
C. Does the technology give an acceptable financial return?
![Page 53: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
A. Does the technology fit the processing task?
![Page 54: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
1. Automation
Capital Intensity of Process Technology- The ratio of technological to human effort it employs
![Page 55: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
2. Scale / Scalability
vs
- Large- Fast- Expensive
- Small- Slow- Cheap
![Page 56: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
2. Scale / Scalability
In IT, scalability is the ability to shift to a different level of useful capacity quickly and cost-effectively
to
![Page 57: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
3. Coupling / Connectivity
In IT, scalability is the ability to shift to a different level of useful capacity quickly and cost-effectively
![Page 58: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
3. Coupling / Connectivity
![Page 59: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
B. How does the operation improve the operations performance?
Quality
Speed
Dependability
Flexibility
Cost
![Page 60: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
C. Does the technology give an acceptable financial return?
![Page 61: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
C. Does the technology give an acceptable financial return?
One year @ 10% per annum rate
Two years @ 10% per annum rate
![Page 62: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
I. Understand the Process Technology
II. Evaluate the Process Technology
III. Implement the Process Technology
![Page 63: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
III. Implement the Process Technology
A. Resource and process distance
B. Customer acceptability
C. Anticipating implementation problems
![Page 64: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
A. Resource and process distance
![Page 65: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
B. Customer acceptability
User Acceptance Test
- Used in IT industry
- Actual software users test the software to make sure it can handle required tasks in real-world scenarios, according to specifications.
![Page 66: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
C. Anticipating implementation problems
![Page 67: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
C. Anticipating implementation problems
![Page 68: Operations Management - Process Technology](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022042507/58ceab281a28abb26e8b700d/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
End of Chapter 8