U. S. NAVAL FORCES, GERMANY

TECHNICAL SECTION (MEDICAL)

OPERATIONAL REPORT

FOR THE PERIOD

1 January 19a9 - 31 December 1949

31 December 1949

This yearly report represents a supplement to the

Report of Operations of the 31st of March 1949Foreword dtd 10 April 1949 to the Report of

Operations of the 31st of March 1949Operational Report of the 30th of June 1949, and thoResume on the Activities of this section of the

15th of October 1949.It is prepared with the special view to the progress madewith end the present status of the now World Atlas of Epi-demiology, which is compiled by this section under the scien-tific editorship of Prof. Dr. mod. Ernst RODENWALDT, Heidel-berg.

The Technical Section (Medical), U. S. Naval Forces,Germany, operates in the Fourth. Medical Laboratory Building,Heidelberg, where the members of this group are guests. Thecourtesies of the Commanding Officer of that unit, ColonelRufus L. HOLT, MC, USA, in granting office space and his as-sistance in various other respects during the past year aregreatly appreciated.

In scientific respects this section was supervised byCommander Harry J. ALVIS, MC, USN, until June 1949. Thisofficer was Head, Technical Section (Medical), U. S. NavalForces, Germany, until the latter part of June 1948, atwhich time he was ordered to return to the United Statesfor reassignment. As of July 1949 the section received itsdirectives from the Epidemiology Branch, Preventive MedicineDivision, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department,Washington 25, D.C. In both cases this direction was in themain exercised by correspondence. Until the middle of Octo-ber 1949 the administrative supervision was exercised byCaptain N. W. ABRAHAMS, USN, then Senior U.S. Naval LiaisonOfficer, EUCOM Headquarters. After that date Captain H. E.DURYEA, USN, who relieved Captain N. W. Abrahams, USN, asSenior U. S. Naval Liaison Officer, EUCOM Headquarters, tookcare exclusively of the administrative problems of this unit,while Commander L. L. HAYNES, MC, USN, Medical Officer inCommand, U. S. Naval Advanced Base, Bremerhaven, Germany, su-pervised the section as the representative of Commander, U.S*Naval Forces, Germany, as of 2 November 1949-

Until the end of June 1949 Commander Harry J. Alvis, MC,USN, was kept informed regularly about the activities of thissection by letters. As of 1 July 1949 a log book was estab-lished for the section, copies of which with enclosures wereforwarded regularly to the Epidemiology Branch, PreventiveMedicine Division, BUT"ED, Navy Department, as veil as to theSenior U.S. Naval Liaison Officer, EUCOM Headquarters, orCommander L. L. Haynes, MC, USN, respectively. Early inJuly 1949 a complete set of files with copies of all of theessential correspondence maintained up to that date withthe scientists cooperating with this office were compiledand forwarded to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, NavyDepartment, Washington.

In the course of this year the work of this sectionwas reviewed by personal visits of;

Rear Admiral C. J. BROWN, MC, USN, Assistant Chiefof Bureau for Research and Medical MilitarySpecialties on 22-17-49

Rear Admiral G. A. SWANSON, MC, USN, Surgeon Gener-al of the U. S. Navy on 11-7111-49

and on 12-VIII-49Captain J* M. BACHULUS, MC, USN, American

Embassy, London, England repeatedly

Commander I. M* AMBERSON, MC, USNR, andDr, E. SCHWARZ, Nayal Medical School, Bethesda, on 19-VIII-49

Maryland • and on 11- IX -49Dr. A. R. TURNER, Chief, Medical Intelligence Branch,

Office of the Surgeon General of the U. S. •Army on l-X-49

and on ll-X-49Dr. C. H. BARLOW, Expert, Bilharzia Snail Destruction

Section, Ministry of Public Health, Cairo,Egypt, on 7-IX-49

and on 12-IX-49Dr. H. T. KARSNER, Medical Research Director,

Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy De-partment, Washington 25, D.c., on 19-XI -49

and on 12-XII-49

According to the information obtained lately from Com-mander L. L. Haynes, MC, USN, it is expected that a full-timemedical officer will be assigned to the Technical Unit (Medi-cal), U. S. Naval Forces, Germany, in the early part of 1950.

Apart from the compilation of the World At3a s of Epi-demiology, the following projects were left over from theyear of 194B and were continued as described or completedat the dates given below:(1) Translation of the article "The Marrow Nailing Method"

by Professor Dr. med. G. KUENTSCHER, Schleswig-Holstein,consisting of about 450 single-spaced typewritten pageswith approximately 500 illustrations:

Completed and mailed on 31 March 1949 withletter P-3 (5), Serial 26l-Med.

(2) Preparation of Author Index, General Subject Index,and Geographic Index to the old Atlas of Epidemiology:

Completed and mailed on 7 April 1949 withletter P 3-l(c), Serial 265-Med•

(3) Reproduction of 13 sets of about 500 illustrationsto the article by Professor Kuentscher mentioned a-bove, required to illustrate the 13 unillustratedsurplus copies of this translation, which were mailedto the Publications Division, Bureau of Medicine andSurgery, on 31 March 1949:

Completed and mailed on 9 December 1949*

(4) Translation of the article "Experiences with Medul-lary Nailing of Fractures" by Dr. med. K. KATZ andDr. med. J. WEIS, of the Surgical Clinic at Giessen(Head: Professor Dr. Fr. BERNHARD - deceased inDecember 1949):

The translation of subject article was editedby Commander Harry I. ALVIS, MC, USN, and wasreturned to this off ic e in November 1949* Thecutting of stencils has been started; it hadto be interrupted, however, because of other,more important projects and was postponed re-peatedly#

The compilation of a World Atlas of Epidemiology wasstarted as of 1 January 1949* This project was originallyauthorized by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy De-partment, Washington 25, D.G. In a conference in the lat-ter part of October 1949 it was reviewed and declared as ajoint project of the three Branches of the US Armed Forcesunder the Secretary of Defense*

In this connection some short comments on the back-ground of the new Atlas of Epidemiology, presently underpreparation-, may bo worthwhile mentioning:

In 1945 the US Navy under the direction of CommanderHarry J. ALVIS, MC, USN, organized several translating unitsthroughout Germany. Those units translated current medicaland military medical literature. One of the articles whichwas translated was a German military secret document calledthe "Seuchenatlas". This document had been compiled duringthe period of German expansion by General ZEISS and GeneralRODENWALDT of the former German Army Medical Corps. A trainedcorps of personnel collected the data necessary for the com-pilation of the Atlas as the German armies progressed. Theobject of the research was to apply the principles of geo-medicine to military science. The history of past epidemicswas accurately ascertained and maps showing the spread of thedisease were analyzed in respect to density of population,geography, climate, fauna, and flora. As a result of thesestudies it became apparent that the progress and spread ofepidemics could bo predicted as well as the potential areasof disease could bo outlined. On the basis of the old At-las of Epidemiology some comments and suggestions were pre-pared in November 194&, which outlined the objectives of thenew world Atlas of Epidemiology. The latter is to demonstratenot only the variable distribution and incidence of the epi-demic diseases, but also the causative factors leading tovariation in prevalence and being inherent in the geographicpeculiarities of the respective area. Professor Rodenwaldt,who is at the present time Professor of Hygiene and Directorof the Hygiene Institute of the University of Heidelberg wasapproached by the U.S. Navy in the early part of January 1949and was requested to rewrite the "Seuchenatlas" and to extendIts scope#

Through personal contact several additional copies ofthe old Seuchenatlas were procured during the current year andmade available to the Medical Corps of the U.S. Navy and U.S.Army. A translation of the atlas was prepared and forwarded tothe Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, and various other agenciesinterested, in September 1948#

In addition to the maps contained in the old Atlas ofEpidemiology a limited number of the following 4 maps with-out texts of the 10th delivery•were located in April 1949:

"Malaria in the Near East""Malaria in the Ukrainian Area""Poliomyelitis in Wuerttemberg""Amebic Dysentery in the Mediterranean Basin”

On the occasion of a personal visit of Professor Ro-denweldt and Dr. Bachmann in Berlin the 3 maps listed be-low were located through personal contacts of Dr. Bachmannon 21 July 1949:

’’Incidence of Epidemic Typhus throughoutEastern Europe”

’’Incidence of Malaria throughout EasternEurope ”

’’Historical Map of Plague for EasternEurope ”

Several copies of all of the above maps were preparedand made available to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery,Navy Department.

In the course of the current year the scientists listedbelow were invited to prepare the following studies for thenew World Atlas of Epidemiology:

Study

Authorand

placeof

residenceinvitedon:

Co-author,placeof

residenceSpecialfield

AscariasisProf.Dr.C.

SCKLIEPEE,Marburg/Iahn,

Germany1-

IV-

49

none

BilharzialMollus-

cology

Dr.C.H.

BARLOW,Cairo,

Egypt

20-

IX-

49

none

BrucellosisProf.Dr.H.

HABS,Bardowick

nearLueneburg,

Germany

1-

IV-

49

none

Chagas*DiseaseDr.E.

DIAS,BeloHori-

zonte,Minas

Gerais,Brazil

18-

X-

49

none

Cholera

Prof.Dr,E.

RODBNV/ALDT,Heidelberg,

Germany

Diseasesdueto

AnaerobicMicro-

organisms

Prof,Dr.J.

ZEISSLER,Hamburg/Altona,

Germany9

-XII-

49

none

Dysentery,Amebic

Prof,Dr.

G.

PIEKARSKIBonn/Rhein,

Germany1

-

IV-

49

DozentDr.A.WESTPHAL

Hamburg,Germany

Protozoologist

Dysentery,£>higa

Dr,H,

SEELIGER,Bonn/Rhein,Germany

1-

IV-

49

none

Fever,Sandfly

Prof.Dr.R.E.

BADER,

Heidelberg,Germany

1-

IV-

49

Dr.

HENNIG,Berlin,

Germany

Entomologist

Fever,Trench

Prof.Dr.F.v.

BORMANN,

Bad

Nauheim,Germany

9

-XII-

49

none

Fever,Typhoid

in

Europe

Prof.Dr.H.

HABS,Bardowick

nearLueneburg,

G,..

any

1-

IV-

49

none

Study

Authorand

placeof

residenceinvitedon:

Co-author,placeof

Specialfield

residence

Fever,Typhoidand

Seasons

Prof*Dr*H.

HABS,

Bardowicknear

Lueneburg,Germany

1-

IV-

49

none

Fever,Yellow

Prof.Dr.

R.E.

BADER,

Heidelberg,Germany

1-

IV-

49

Dr.E.

ULMANN,Staufen,

Entomologist

Breisgau,Germany

Frambesia(Yaws)

andPinta

Prof.Dr.C.

HASSELMANN,Erlangen,

Germany

5-

V-

49

none>

Hepatitis,InfectiousDr.L.

BACHiCANN,Heidelberg,Germany

Memberof

NavyGroup

none

Influenza

Prof.Dr,K,

BIKGELHeidelberg,

Germany1-

IV-

49

none

LeishmaniasisProf.Dx.

G.

PIEKAHSKIBonn/Rhein,

Germany1-

IV-

49

Dr.W.

HENNIG,Berlin

Entomologist

Germany

Leprosy

Dr.K.E.

LITTAMI,Heidelberg,

Germany1

-

IV-

49

none

LeptospirosisProf.Dr.

W.RIMPAU,Munlch-Solln,Germany

1-

IV-

49

Dr.I*

KRUMBIEGSL,Zoologist

Wentorfnear

Hamburg,Germany

Malaria

Prof.Dr.

E.

R0DEU7ALDTHeidelberg,

Germany

Editor-in-chiefDr,E.

DLMANN,Staufen,

Entomologist

Breisgau,Germany

OpisthorchosisDozentDr.A.

ERHARDTBraokwede,

Germany1-

IV-

49

none

ParatyphoidA

Prof.Dr.R.E.

BADER

Heidelberg,Germany

1

-

IV-

49

none

ParatyphoidC

Prof.Dr,R.E.

RADER

Heidelberg,Germany

1-

IV-

49

none

Study

Authorand

placeof

residenceinvited<cn:

Co-author,placeof

residenceSpecialfield

Plague

Dr.H.J.

EAETTIG,Berlin,

Germany

20-

IX-49

Prof,Dr.F.

PEUS,

Berlin,Germany

Dr.K.•

ZHvllERMAUNBerlin,

Germany

EntomologistZoologist

PoliomyelitisDr.VI.

DONEE,Munich,

Germany

1M

1

49

none

Rabies

Prof.Dr.E.

BCECKSR,Berlin,

Germany

1-

IV-

49

none

ScarlatinaProf.Dr.K.

BIRG2L,Heidelberg,

Germany1-

Iv-

49

none

Smallpox

Dr.

W.-HEMHSBERG,Berlin,Germany

20-

IX-

49

none

Spironemae

Prof.

MARTINI,Hamburg,

Germany

1-

IV-

49

none

Trachoma

Dr.R.

SISBECK,Heidelberg,Germany

20

-IX-

49

none

Typhus,Epidemic

and

EndemicProf,Dr.

r;v.

B0RI.1A.13J,

Bad

Nauheim,Germany

H1H<

I

49

Dr.il.

EEIGHvIUTH,Cello/Hann,Germany

Entomologist

Densityof

PopulationProf.Dr.E.

BURGDOEREER,Munich,

Germany

December-

49

none

In addition, personal inquiries in writing are pendingto get the following studies prepared by the scientistslisted below:

Personal and verbal negotiations are pending to get thefollowing studies prepared:

Diphtheria Bilharziasis

The cartographic institute to be employed for the print-ing and binding of the new Atlas of Epidemiology could not beselected yet. The principal reason was the unavailability offunds. Information was obtained from Commander L, L. HAYNES,MC, USN, that the funds for this part of the project will bemade available and that the final choice is to be made in thenear future. After the contents, nature and the character ofthe basic printing plates can be determined more clearly now,new estimates of cost were requested from the following fivecartographic institutes:

hWDUS, Geographisch-Kartograpische Anstalt, Hamburg, GermanyRAVENSTEIN T s Geographische Verlaf;sanstalt und Druckerei,

Frankfurt, GermanyVELHAGEN & KLASING, Verlagsbuchhandlung und Graphische Be-

triobe, Bielefeld, GermanyWENSGHOW, GMBH, Kartographische Anstalt, Munich, Germany,hESISRMANN, Druckerei und Kartographische iAistalt, Braun-

schweig, Germany.

Every effort will be made to obtain sufficient informa-tion on the efficiency, reliability, prices, and location ofthese cartographic Institutes, so that the suggestions forthe final choice can definitely be made in the early partof 1950. It is felt here that these factors should be givencareful consideration in order to eliminate every possibilityof an interruption of the cartographic work which would haveto be expected in the event that a change of the institutewill have to take place for one reason or another while theatlas is in preparation.

Contacts wore established with the Geographic Instituteof the University of Heidelberg in order to clarify the vari-ous geographic and cartographic problems coming up almostdaily.

Study Author Co-author andspecial field

Climatology Dr. FLOHN, Bad Kissin-gen, Germany

none

Dysentery, Sonnei Dr. ROELCKE, Heidel-berg, Germany

none

Tularemia Dr. H. J. JUSATZ, Dr. K. GRELL,Berlin, Germany Bonn, Germany,

Zoologist

A scientific work plan was prepared by Prof. Dr. E,RODENWALDT as well as an abstract of the article mentionedtherein: "Grundlagen und Praxis der Seuchonstatist ik T? byRAETTIG und NEELS. This material was distributed to allscientists invited to cooperate on IB June 1949 or if theauthors were invited at a later date, simultaneously withthe official letter of invitation from this office.

Along with subject letter of invitation every scien-tist received 1 or 2 sets of the following maps:

(1) World(2) Europe and Near East(3) Central Europe(4) Germany(5) Russia

(6) Asia(7) Africa(8) North America(9) South America

(10) Australia and Pacific(11) China

These maps were printed by the National GeographicSociety and were made available to this office either bythe Office of the Theater Chief of Engineers, EUCOM Head-quarters or by the U.S. Army Map Service, Washington. Theywill bo used for the preparation of the preliminary draftsuntil such time as the maps to be used in the final atlashave been printed by a Gorman cartographic institute to beselected and employed in connection with this project.

During the month of November 1949 every scientist co-operating in the Atlas project was furnished a copy of suchmaps and texts of the old Atlas of Epidemiology as are avail-able for the same study he is working at now. This was donein order to eliminate every possibility of a duplication ofwork and efforts.

As regards the present status of the work in connec-tion with the various studies the following information per-taining to the prospective dates of completion could bo ob-tained so far on the studies listed below;

DiseaseAuthor

Invitedon

Maps

projectedProjected

Date

of

CompletionMaps

completedor

presentlyin

preparationRemarks

withregardto

Text

AscariasisProf.Dr.C

.SCPELIE-PER,

Marburg,Germany

l-IV-491

World1

Europe

July1950

May

1950

20pr.pgs.w.3-4

illustr.

BilharzialMol-

luscologyOr.C.H.

BARLOW,Cairo,E^ypt

20-IX-49no

forecastmade

asyet

BrucellosisProf.Dr.

H.RIBS,Bardowick

nearLueneburg,GAimanyl-IV-491

World1

Europe

Spring1930

Spring1930

10

typewrittenpages

ChagasDiseaseDr.E.

DIAS,Belo

Eorizonte,

Ivlinas

Gerais,Brazil

18-X-491

SouthAmerica

1

USAandMexico

1

mapwithvec-

torsinUSA

CholeraProf.Dr

.R0DSK7AIOTHeidelberg,Germany

1

World1

Asia

Deo1950

Dec1950

EuropeandNorth

Americain

black-white.

Diseasesdueto

.

AnaerobicMicroorganisms

Pro

f.Dr.I.ZEISSLER,

Hamburg

-

A11ona,

Germany

9-XII-49no

forecastmade

asyet

Dysentery,AmebicProf.or-G.PI2KARSKI

Bo

nn/Rhein,Germany

,l-IV-49no

forecastmade

asyetforlack

ofsources.

Dysentery,Shiga

Dr.H.SEE

LIGER,Bonn/Rhein,

Germanyl-IV-491

World1

Europe1

Centr.Europe

1

Asia1

Africa1

Australiaand

OceaniaJuly

1950Feb

1950completedin

December1949

July1950

July1950

July1950

20

typewr.pgs.

DiseaseAuthor

Invitedon

Ivlaps

projectedProjected

Date

of

CompletionMaps

completedor

presentlyin

preparationRemarks

withregardto

Text

Dysentery,Shiga

continued

1

SouthAmerica

1

NorthAmerica

July1950

July1950

Fever,SandflyProf.Dr.P.E.BADER,Heidelberg,Germany

l-IV-491

World

Dsc1950

Fever,Trench

Prof.Dr.F.

vonBORMAKN,

Nau-

heim,Germany

9-XII-491

Europerestcannotpredict

Spring1950

Fever,Typhoid

in

Europe

Prof.Dr.H.

HABS,Bardowick

nearLueneburg,

Germanyl-IV-492

Europe

completedNovember

1949

9

typewrittenpages

Fever,Typhoid

and

SeasonsProf.Dr.H.

HABSBardowick-near

Lueneburg,Germany

l-IV-491

World1

Europe

Spring1950)

Spring1950)

1C

typewrit'Gen

pages

Fever,Yellow

Prof.Dr.R.E.BADER,HeidelbergGermany

l-IV-491

aifrica1

SouthAmericaincl.Centr

.Am.Summer1950

Summer1950

Frambesia(Yaws)

andPinta

Prof.Dr.C.

HAS-

SELMANN,Erlangen

Germany

5-

V-491

Asia1

Australiaand

Oceania1

SouthAmericaincl.Centr

.Am.

1

Africa)

3

monthsafter

)

receiptof

)

TropicalOis-

)

easesBulletin

))

•

•

Hepatitis,In-

fectiousInfluenzaDr.L.

BACHKANN,Heidelberg,Germany

Prof.Dr.K.BIKGEL,Heidelberg,

GermanyIan

1949l-IV-491

’World2

Europe1

World1

Europe

April1950

April1950

Summer1950)

Suit,er

1950)

CentralEurope

in

blackand

white

30

typewrittenpages10

typewrittenpages

DiseaseAuthor

Invitedon

Maps

projectedProjected

Date

of

CompletionMaps

completedor

presentlyin

preparationRemarks

withregardto

Text

LeishmaniasisProf,Dr.

G.PIS-KAR3KI,

Bonn/Rhein,

Germany

l-IV-49no

forecastmade

asyetforlack

ofsources

Leprosy

Dr.

K.E.LXTTANN,Heidelberg,Germany

l-IV-491

World)

1

Europe)

1

Asia

)

1

Australia)

1

Africa)

1

NorthAmerica)

1

SouthAmerica)

Mayto

Autumn1950

80-90typewr.

pageswithillustr

.indie,fociof

epi-demics.

LeptospirosisProf.Dr.:,/.

RIMPAU,Munich-Solln,Germany

l-IV-491

World1

Europe

Spring1950)

Spring1950)

6

typewr.pgs.with1

mapof

Bavaria

MalariaProf.Dr

.E.RODEN-•

WALDT,Heidelberg,

Germany

1

World1

Europenotbef,

1

Africa1

Asia1

Russia1

NorthAmerica

1

Southxunerica

.Summer1950

mapon

faculta-tive

malaricareasin

Europecanbe

compl.untilsummer

1950

OpisthorchosisDr.A.ERBARDT,Brackwede,Germany

l-IV-491

EuropeX

AsiaticRussia

1

FarEast

Dec1949

Deo19491951

compl.Nov.49)compl.Nov.49)

30

typewrittenpages

ParatyphoidA

Prof

.Dr.R.E.B.JDERHeidelberg,Germany

l-IV-491

World1

Europe

Summer1950

Summer1950

ParatyphoidC

Prof,Dr,R.E.B..DER

Heidelberg,Germany

l-IV-491

World1

Europe

October1950

October1950

10

typewrittenpages

Disease

Author

Invitedon

Maps

projectedProjected

DateMaps

completed

of

Completionor

presentlyin

preparationRemarks

withregardto

Text

Plague

Dr.H.J.RAETTIG,Berlin,Germany

20-IX-491

WorId

)

1

Africa)

1

Asia)

1

SouthAmerica)

1

NorthAmerica)

1

Australiaand)

Oceania)

notJ

uly

before1950

60-80typewr.

pages

PoliomyelitisDr

M.DOKLS,Muni

ch,

Gurmany

l-IV-491

World1

Europe1

NorthAmerica

Spring1950)

Spring1950)

about30

type-written

pages

Rabies

Prof,Dr

.E,BOECKER,Berlin,

Germanyl-IV-491

World1

Europe1

Africa1

Australiaand

Oceania1

Asia1

North1

South-unerica

NovNov19501950

20-30typewr.

pages

ScarlatinaProf.Dr.K.BIKGEL,Hei

deIberg,Gemany

l-IV-491

World

April1950

5

typewrittenpages

SmallpoxDr

.W.HENNEBERG,Berlin,Germany

20-IX-49cannot

predictasyet

Spironemaeffrof.E

.MARTINI,Hambur

g,Germanyl-IV-491

World

3-6

monthsaf-

1

WesternHemisph.ter

receipt

1

EasternHemisph.of

literature.32

printedpages

Disease

author

Invitedon

Maps

projectedProjected

Date

of

CompletionMaps

completedor

presentlyin

preparationRemarks

withregardto

Text

TrachomaDr.R.SIE

BECK,

20-IX-491

Europe

)

3

monthsaf-

Heidelberg,

1

Africa)

terreceipt

Germany

1

Mediterranean)of

litera-

Area

)

ture

Typhus,EpidemicProf.F.von

l-IV-492

World>

1

volumewith

and

EndemicB0RM1NN,

Bad

1

Europe)

specialmap

Nauheim,Germany

2

Centr.Europe>

Autumn1950

of

Boland

1

NorthAmerica)

1

SouthAmerica)

1

Australiaand)

Oceanea>

,

1

Mediterr

anean)Area

)

Densityof

Popu-?rof

.Dr;BURG-•Dec

19491

World

Summer1950

lationDO

ERFSR,Muni

ch,

1

Europe

Summer1950

Germany

andallother

cannotpre-

continentsdiet

asyet

As

regardsthe

presumableextentofthenewA.tlasof

Epidemiologythe

followingforecastcanbe

given:Study

M

a

p

s

projected:World

Europe

Centr.Asia.

AfricaNorth.jn.USAwith

SouthA-

AustraliaEuropeRussia

(incl«

Europe

andCana-

MexicomericaandOce-

and

Medit•

da

ania

Middle

Littor.)

East

Ascariasis1

1

BilharzialMol-no

forecastmadeasyet

luscologyBrucellosis1

1

ChagasDisease

1

1

Cholera1

1

Diseasesduetono

forecastmadeasyet,

wasinvitedin

December1949

only

AnaerobicMicr

oorganisms

Dysenteryj.unebicno

forecastmadeasyetforlackofsources

Dysentery,Shiga1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Fever,Sandfly1

Fever,Trench1

restcannot

predict.wasinvitedinDec

1949only

Fever,Typhoidin

2

EuropeFever,Typhoid1

1

and

ReasonsFever,

Yellow

1

1

-

Frambesia(Yaws)

1

1

-

1

1

andPinta

HepatitisIn-

1

2

fectiousInfluenza1

1

Leishmaniasisno

forecastmadeasyetforlackofsources

Leprosy

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Leptospirosis1

1

Malaria1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Opisthorchosis1

1

ParatyphoidA

1

1

1

ParatyphoidC

1

1

1

Plague

1

1

1

1

1

1

Poliomyelitis1

1

1

Rabies1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Scarlatina1

Smallpox

cannotpredict,

wasinvitedin

November1949

only

Spironemae1

1

1

1

1

1

Trachoma

1

1

1

Typhus,Epidemic

2

1

2

1

1

1

1

and

Endemic

-

Densityof

1

1

1

1

1

Ill1

1

1

PopulationClimatology1

1

1

1

1

1111

1

1

TOTAL:

22

22

5

10

11

10

3

12

8

8

4

Itis

pointedout,

however,thatthenumberof“

mapsgiveninthe

aboveforecast

mightbe

subject

to

changeswhich

willdependonthe

collaboratingscientists,

In addition, emphasis is placed on the fact that thescientists will have to bo assisted Considerably in the pro-curement of literature and other scientific material if theyare expected to keep up with their statements pertaining tothe prospective dates of complotion 4

Between October and December 1949 the following sym-bols for use in the preliminary drafts wore developed andcan now be made available in unlimited numbers to all au-thors cooperating*

Steamer, sail-boat, river-boat, fish, cat, dog, man, ro-dent’s skull > horse, cattle, sheep, goat, pig.

Funds to continue the operation of this section forthe Fiscal Year 1951, beginning 1 April 1950, have beenapproved and will come from the German Cost of Occupation.It is anticipated that the funds required for the printingof the atlas will also be made available during the yearof 1950. The sale of copies of the completed atlas willcover the costs of printing and binding.

The literature problem was approached as follows:Lists of literature desired were requested from all authors;whatever literature available in Germany was procured andreproduced photographically, whereas the remaining litera-ture was requested from the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery,Navy Department, Washington 25, D.C.

Contact was also established with the Library of theUniversity of Heidelberg in order to procure whatever mightbe available of the literature requested by the scientistscooperating and to prepare orders from the AML. with thehelp of the AML Index Catalogue on hand there.

The speed with which the project will be completed isat this time wholly dependent upon the acquisition of thereemired medical literature. The various agencies of theGovernment Service have been most cooperative and this of-fice has received helpful cooperation from the various agen-cies contacted. There is, however, a great need for muchliterature and the unit has no funds to purchase what theydesire inside of Germany, having to rely upon the coopera-tion of the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Army Medical Library.The U.S. Army Medical Library, Washington, has been obtain-ing and making photostatic copies of articles requested bythis unit and their cooperation has speeded the completionof the project.

The literature received to date has been carefully re-viewed and catalogued and a working system of circulationamong the authors has been established, Those periodicalsreceived which have no bearing upon the project will beturned over to the Heidelberg University Library which isbadly in need of foreign medical literature and has donemuch to foster good will.

The various German Universities realizing the greatvalue of this project and in respect to the fine reputa-tion and standing of Prof. Rodenwaldt have been most co-operative in lending their every aid and assistance.

At the present time this office is the only source ofscientific information to this group of German scientists,

particularly to those cooperators who are living in theeastern zones*

The World Health Organization has cooperated in giv-ing this section back issues of all publications requestedwith very few exceptions and has placed this unit on themailing list for current epidemiological and vital sta-tistics reports.

Most of the German medical periodicals requested bythe various cooperators are available either at the Uni-versity Library or at the Library of one of the UniversityInstitutes, such as the Institute of Hygiene, So far itwas possible to fill all requests for German articles, thelatest being that of Dr. E. DL.S, Minas Gerais, Brazil, whowas sent photoprints of all of the German articles he re-quested.

It will frequently be necessary to procure tear sheetsor relevant publications. Information was requested re-peatedly as to whether or not these tear sheets can be pro-cured through Navy channels. In the event that this shouldbe impossible it would be greatly appreciated if the addres-ses of the most prominent epidemiologists in the US could befurnished this office. The establishment of a close contactbetween this office and American epidemiologists would bemost desirable. For this reason it would be appreciated ifarrangements could be made that American scientists, work-ing in the same general field contact Prof, Hodenwaldtthrough this office whenever they are on duty in this coun-try.

On 18 October 1949 all scientists cooperating were in-formed about studies under preparation and the names andaddresses of the authors cooperating. An exchange of litera-ture among themselves is being actually carried out and asa result the project has succeeded in welding together in acommon project the leaders in the field of epidemiology inGermany.

• Attempts to secure literature from Spain, Italy, Rus-sia, Yugoslavia, Greece, and Turkey have often mot withfailure. In several of those countries contacts are beingestablished with American military personnel stationedthere and it is hoped that these efforts will bear fruit.Should such attempts fail, it will bo necessary to obtainsuch literature through the World Health Organization andother sources. The problem of literature on areas underRussian influence requires separate and delicate handlingand all channels are being exploited to the utmost.

The photolab which is part of this unit works con-stantly on the reproduction and microfilming of articlesreouosted by the collaborating scientists. In December1949 microfilms of the Monthly Epidemiological Reportsof the former League of Nations for the years 1932 to 1939were taken. Photoprints cannot bo prepared as yet, how-ever, because of a shortage of photographic paper andchemicals. A request for photographic paper was forwardedto BUMED on 25 November 1949* In addition efforts arebeing made to procure photographic supplies through theSupply Officer, USNAB, Bremerhaven/Germany and from theChief, Signal Division, EUGOM Hdqtrs., U. S. Army.

The following problems are pending at present and arebeing worked at with whatever means are available to thisoffice:

The addresses of physicians and members of the MedicalCorps of the former German Armed Forces are desired for thepurpose of a personal approach to obtain statistics and in-formation which they have. These addresses are being ob-tained from the discharge centers for former PW’s and manygood contacts are obtained as a result of personal correspond-ence between the various collaborators of the project. Thismethod is particularly fruitful in obtaining information a-bout conditions within those countries under Russian in-fluence. For example, information on the evacuation of en-tire strata of population from civilized to uncivilizedareas and vice versa behind the iron curtain has been re-quested, and such information is slowly being accumulated.

Various attempts and inquiries are being made to ob-tain information on the present location of the various re-ports and statistics of the former German Armed Forces, ofthe Central Archive for Military Medicine, and of the MilitaryMedical Academy, Berlin.

In summary tho project has reached the stage where theEuropean volume will be ready for publication towards theend of the year 1950* Great strides have been made in weld-ing together this group of epidemiologists and in disseminat-ing medical literature to them and their associates. The pro-ject is well known throughout Germany and many have voluntari-ly expressed their gratitude to Prof. Rodenwaldt and his spon-sors for tho opportunity to once again take part in a construc-tive piece of work and to once again be able to have the op-portunity to give tho world tho energy and skill they possess.

L. L. HAYNES,Commander, MC,U. S. Navy.