Operational EUMETSAT Satellite Products and Services for...

EUM/RSP/VWG/19/1072458, v1 Draft, 1 April 20191

GODAE Ocean Predict 2019

François Montagner¹, E. Kwiatkowska¹,

A. O'Carroll¹, R. Scharroo¹, S. Eastwood²,

T. Lavergne², C. Hernandez³, H. Roquet³,

A. Stoffelen⁴

Operational EUMETSAT Satellite Products and Services for Oceanography: Status and Outlook

¹EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, Germany

²Met.No, Oslo, Norway

³Météo France, Saint-Mandé, France

⁴KNMI, De Bilt, The Netherlands


EUMETSAT and the SAF Network

HUNGARY

Member States

BULGARIA

ICELAND

AUSTRIA BELGIUM

DENMARK FINLAND

FRANCE GERMANY GREECE

IRELAND ITALY

UNITED KINGDOMTURKEY

SWEDENSPAIN

PORTUGAL

NORWAYTHE NETHERLANDSLUXEMBOURG

CROATIA

POLAND

LATVIA

SLOVENIA

ROMANIA

CZECH REPUBLIC

LITHUANIA

ESTONIA

SLOVAK

REPUBLIC

SWITZERLAND

EUMETSAT is the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites.

EUMETSAT is an intergovernmental organisation and was founded in 1986. Our purpose is to

supply weather and climate-related satellite data, images and products – 24 hours a day, 365

days a year – to the National Meteorological Services of our Member States in Europe, and

other users worldwide.

EUMETSAT operates a fleet of satellites in geostationary and polar orbit, which provide a wide

array of Earth observation data for weather, climate and environmental monitoring.


EUMETSAT marine products stream overview

Marine Meteorology

Operational Oceanography

Marine Environment

Monitoring

Sea Surface Height

Significant Wave Height

Wind Speed

RadiativeFluxes

Wind Vectors

Sea Ice Parameters

Sea Surface

Temperature

Ocean Colour

Weather Forecasting (NWP, long term forecasts, high impact events)

Climate

Monitoring


OLCI-A, 1-day coverage CHL_OC4ME

OLCI-A, 2-day coverage OLCI-A, 3-day coverage

OLCI-A + OLCI-B, 1-day coverage OLCI-A+OLCI-B, 2-day coverage OLCI-A+OLCI-B, 3-day coverage

Copernicus Sentinel-3A and -3B constellation is now

operational


Sentinel-3 Sea Surface Topography Products Status

Perf factor RequirementThreshold, [goal]

S3A current status

S3B current status

Notes

Sea SurfaceHeight accuracy

10 cm – NRT[3.5] – NTC

Compliant Compliant Lowernoise than J-3

Range bias 1cm [0.25] Compliant Compliant

Significant Wave Height

4% or 20cm [1% or 5cm]

Compliant Compliant

Sigma-0 1dB [0.5dB]0.017 dB/s stability

Compliant Compliant 0.5 dB bias corrected

Wind speed 2m.s-1[1.5] Compliant Compliant

Wet tropospheric correction

2 cm [1 cm]rms

Compliant Compliant

Seal Level Anomaly (cm) from Sentinel-3A, Sentinel-3B, Jason-2 & Jason-3 off

Newfoundland, 08/05/2018


Sentinel-3 Sea Surface Topography Products Outlook

• Level 2 products are fully operational in Near Real Time (3h

timeliness), Short Time Critical (36h), Non Time Critical (2

months) timeliness

• Level 2 improvements under study: • Better retrieval of sea ice parameters: freeboard, leads

• Improvement of wet tropospheric correction

• Sea state bias correction for SAR

• Development of a Coastal Altimetry product


Sentinel-3 Sea Surface Topography Products Outlook

• Level 2P and Level 3 Services

• Sea Level Anomaly is operational

• L2P: Along-track corrected sea level anomalies with corrections wrt. reference ellipsoid;

• L3: Altimeter satellite along-track sea surface heights anomalies (SLA) computed with respect to a twenty-

year 2012 mean. All the missions are homogenized with respect to a reference mission – currently Jason-3.

• Adoption of along-track mean reference profile for Sentinel-3A in 04/19 (covering whole mission), planned

07/19 for Sentinel-3B

• Significant Wave Height service pre-operational, becoming operational 06/2019

• L2P: Along-track Significant Wave Height (SWH) values calibrated relative to buoys;

• L3: Mono-mission satellite-based along-track significant wave height. All the missions are homogenized with

respect to a reference mission - currently Jason-3 - and calibrated on in-situ buoy measurements.

• Improvements under way:

• Increase of resolution to 5 Hz (target date 2021)


Sentinel-3 SLSTR Sea Surface Temperature Products

Status

Sentinel-3A SLSTR Sea

Surface temperatures in

eastern Mediterranean Sea.

Perfo.factor

Require-mentThreshold, [goal]

S3A current status

S3Bcurrent status

SST absolute accuracy

0.3K [0.1] Compliant Compliant

SST temp.stability

0.2K/decade [0.1]

Preliminary Preliminary

https://www.eumetsat.int/website/home/Satellites/CurrentSatellites/Sentinel3/SeaSurfaceTemperatureServices/index.html

Sentinel-3 SST Products are Fully Operational

Sentinel-3 SLSTR

SST – first 30

months


Sentinel-3 SLSTR SST Products Outlook

• Reprocessed Sentinel-3A early mission data (19/04/2016 to 04/04/2018) available from

https://codarep.eumetsat.int

• Sustained validation /monitoring with in situ data

• Including Fiducial Reference Measurements: Copernicus high resolution SST buoys : data

available from http://www.jcommops.org, DBCP board, select “COPERNICUS HRSST FRM”

programme

• Evolutions

• SLSTR sea-ice surface temperature algorithm development and validation

• Planned operational introduction in 2021.

• Improvement of Cloud screening and related quality indicators

• Express Uncertainties

https://codarep.eumetsat.int/

http://www.jcommops.org/


Sentinel-3 OLCI Ocean Colour Products Status

Background: Sentinel-3A OLCI , 20 April 2018. RGB composite

Perf factor RequirementThreshold, [goal]

S3A current status

S3B current status

Notes

Marine reflectance@442nm

5.10-4 Not Compliant Not Compliant Within 5 - 10% uncertainty depending on water type

Water-leaving radiance

<5% Partly Compliant Not compliantLack of in situ data

Photosynthetically Active Radiation

<5% Preliminary Preliminary

Diffuse attenuation coefficient

<5% Partly Compliant Preliminary Compliance depends on value range /water type

Chlorophyll <30% [10%] Partly Compliant (meso- and eutrophic waters only)

Preliminary

Lack of in situ validation

Total Suspended Matter

<70% [10%] (case 2)

30% [10%] (case 1)Preliminary

Preliminary

Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter

<70% [10%] (case 2)

50% [10%] (case 1)Preliminary Preliminary


Sentinel-3 OLCI Ocean Colour Products Outlook

• Products are “operational with limitations”: remove

limitations

• Apply System Vicarious Calibration to S3B

• Improve CHL retrieval algorithm

• Improve “bright pixel correction” algorithm

• Sustained validation /monitoring with in situ data

• Including Fiducial Reference Measurements

• Evolutions

• New atmospheric correction :

• Aerosol correction

• Bright pixel correction

• Express Uncertainties

• New products:

• Inherent Optical Properties;

• Fluorescence;

Sentinel-3A OLCI : chlorophyll concentration in the Adriatic sea, 22/03/2019


OSI SAF products portfolio

• Near Real Time products and Data Records for the following ocean

and sea ice related variables :• Sea (and Lake) Surface Temperature

• Ocean Vector Winds

• Sea Ice concentration, type, edge, drift, emissivity and temperature

• Surface Short Wave and Long Wave radiative fluxes

• All information available at : http://www.osi-saf.org/

http://www.osi-saf.org/


OSI SAF SST NRT products

• LEO and GEO satellites

• Various coverage and spatial

resolution depending on satellite

and sensor

• Level 2 (“swath”) and Level 3

• Recent releases : GOES-16/ABI

SST products, combined SST/IST

products (Arctic and Antarctic)

• In the future: MTG/FCI and

METOP-SG/MetImage


OSI SAF SST MSG data record

• Currently available : 2004 – 2012

(MSG-1 et 2)

• Hourly products available both on

latitude/longitude grid (0.05° x

0.05°) and in satellite projection

(on demand)

• Significant improvement in terms

of quality and stability compared to

NRT products

• Very well suited for diurnal

variability studies

Frequency of occurrence of diurnal cycles with an amplitude > 0.5 K

January-February-March


OSI SAF sea-ice near-real-time products

• The Sea Ice portofolio of OSI SAF covers many variables:

• Sea Ice Concentration from SSMIS;

• Sea Ice Concentration from AMSR2;

• Sea Ice Concentration in swath (under development)

• Sea Ice Edge (3 classes: Open Water, Open Ice, Closed

Ice)

• Sea Ice Type (2 classes: First Year Ice, Multi Year Ice)

• Sea Ice Drift Low Resolution (from passive microwave)

• Sea Ice Drift Medium Resolution (from AVHRR Visible and

IR)

• Sea Ice Temperature

• Sea Ice Emissivity (at 50 GHz)

• All continuously improved, validated, and developed with

user review.

• Updated on a daily basis, in netCDF format.

Above: Example recent sea-ice drift field in the Arctic Ocean.


OSI SAF sea-ice climate data records

• Near-Real-Time algorithms are re-used to generate Climate Data Records and their automated extensions (the Interim CDRs).

• Soon releasing v2 of the sea-ice concentration ICDR (OSI-430-b).

• We use SSMIS sensors, that are aging. We prepare for transition to EPS-SG MWI (2023). Contingency plan is to use China’s Feng Yun-3.

• Collaboration / Coordination with ESA (Climate Change Initiative) and Copernicus Services (C3S and CMEMS) to meet WMO GCOS requirements.

• Also in preparation:• Next release of SIC CDR (v3, 2021).

• Sea-ice drift CDR (2021);

Details: Lavergne et al. (2019), EGU The Cryosphere


OSI SAF ocean vector wind products

ASCAT-A, ECMWF, MSG, 20190426 3:27 Zhttp://projects.knmi.nl/scatterometer/tile_prod/tile_app.cgi?

• Currently operationally displaying:• ASCAT-A, -B (sun synchronous@9:30/21:30 LST)

• ScatSat (sun synchronous@8:45/20:45 LST)

• Early delivery by EARS

• Climate Data Records:• ERS-1/2 (1992-2000)

• QuikScat (2000-2009

• ASCAT-A (2007-2018)

• OceanSat-2 (2009-2014)

• Scatterometers are very stable and

can detect trends < 0.1 m/s decade

• Global trends are smaller than this

• New records are being processed:• ASCAT-C (sun synchronous@9:30/21:30 LST)

• HY2A/B (sun synchronous@6:00/18:00 LST)

• CFOSat SCAT (sun synchronous@7:00/19:00 LST)

• And we expect in 2020:• WindRad on FY3E (sun synchr.@6:00/18:00 LST)

• OceanSat-3 (sun synchronous@0:00/12:00 LST)

Zonal, Meridional Errors

ERA5 - ASCAT

=> Excess mean model zonal winds (blues) => Defective mean model meridional winds (reds)

ERA5 has annual spatial error patterns similar to ERAint (only reduced in amplitude by ~20%)

<u> <v>

➢ Model atmosphere-ocean coupling and model air-sea interaction need further improvement

Mean wind speed differences to ERA5 Mean wind stress curl differences to ERA5

Eastern Tropical Pacific

Black contours are ocean velocities

Effect of Ocean Current

Before

After

→ ERA winds are relative to the fixed Earth, but ASCAT is relative to local ocean currents

→ GlobCurrent accentuates the real SST effects in ASCAT winds that are missing in ECMWF winds

→ The correction by GlobCurrentprovides much better alignment of ECMWF discrepancies with branched SEC (N and S) to show positive curl error in between

Belmonte and Stoffelen, 2019


Conclusions

• EUMETSAT and the OSI SAF provide a range of operational satellite products serving oceanographic applications

• Main satellite contributions are coming from Copernicus missions and EUMETSAT own missions Meteosat and Metop

• The products and services evolve continuously to fulfil user needs

• User feed-back is of prime importance to us !

• Join us at the First Operational Satellite Oceanography Symposium, June 17-20, 2019, College Park (USA) https://www.eventsforce.net/eumetsat/7/home

Operational EUMETSAT Satellite Products and Services for...

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