Operation Fiery Vigil -...
Transcript of Operation Fiery Vigil -...
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Operation Fiery Vigil
Response and Recovery -Mount Pinatubo Eruptions
June 1991
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Orientation
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Orientation (cont.)
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Orientation (cont.)• Luzon Province
– Largest island in the Philippine archipelago
• MAGTF 4-90 deployed to the Republic of the Philippines following a coup attempt against the Aquino government
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Orientation (cont.)• Clark Air Force Base,
Angeles– Approx. 18,000 US
personnel and dependants
• Subic Naval Base, Olongapo– Approx. 20,000 US
personnel and dependants
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Situation• July 1990
– 7.8 earthquake 100 km (62 miles) NE of Mt. Pinatubo
• March 1991– Several nuns walking in the vicinity of Mt.
Pinatubo noticed smoke coming from vents in the ground
– Volcano last erupted ~500 years ago• PHILVOCs and personnel from the USGS
dispatched to the area to begin monitoring
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Situation (cont.)• The caldera of Mt. Pinatubo began to grow,
and the mountain begins to put out plumes of ash
• PHILVOCs became concerned that there is an increasing chance of a catastrophic eruption
• On 7 JUN 91, Pinatubo erupted, sending up a 7 km (4.5 mi) high plume of ash– Thin layer of dust reached Subic
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Situation (cont.)• The PHILVOCs express concern about the
possibility of a serious eruption in the near future
• What would be your plan at this point?• 10 June 1991 - the commanding general of
Clark Air Force Base ordered an evacuation to Subic Naval Base– 18,000 Air Force personnel and their
dependents made the trip—mostly in their own vehicles
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Situation (cont.)• Subic began to receive the influx of refugees• What are your immediate needs?• Living space was at a premium• 14 JUN 91
– A larger eruption coated Subic with a thicker layer of ash
• PHILVOCs advised that a catastrophic eruption was imminent—within 24 hours– All MAGTF personnel were recalled from liberty– Command Post was activated
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Situation (cont.)• 15 JUN 91 – Mt Pinatubo erupted
catastrophically– Over 6 cubic miles of material were ejected up
to 22 miles high and 300 miles across
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Pyroclastic Flows
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Situation (cont.)• Tropical Storm Yunya• Ash clouds/darkness• Volcanic “bombs”• Lightning storms• Earthquakes• Building collapses
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Filipino Refugees
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Response• At this point, what are your response
concerns?• Minimal loss of life
– 3 US deaths– 300-700 Filipino deaths out of ~1 million living
in a 30 mile radius• Numerous building destroyed• Lack of food/water/power
– Hygiene issues
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Response (cont.)• What is your plan for the situation?• Evacuation from Subic
– USS Abraham Lincoln– Airhead in Cebu– Follow-on evacuation to:
• Kadena AFB, Okinawa, Japan• Anderson AFB, Guam• McChord AFB, Washington
• Base recovery– MV Jack Lummus
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Area of Initial Impact
• Initial eruption did little damage to Clark AFB
• Subsequent lahars responsible for most of the damage
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Lahars
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Recovery
• What is your priority?• Power Grid• Water• Ash removal
– Naval magazines– Airfield
• Looting
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Aftermath• Mt. Pinatubo eruption was the second most
powerful eruption in the past 100 years• Before eruption: 1,755m (5225 ft) high• After eruption: 1,485m (4872) high
• Ash deposits up to 600 ft thick• Change in global weather/temp for several
years
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Mt. Pinatubo Video
• http://www.schooltube.com/video/ec45190408bf79b639fb/
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Lake Pinatubo 2001– A New Concern
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Questions?