Open Source in the Broadcast Environment
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Open Source in the Broadcast Environment
Phillip Blucas Louisiana Public Broadcasting
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Objectives • Briefly explain what open source is • Discuss some projects that are useful for
broadcasters • Q&A
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What is Open Source? • Software whose source code is available
to the public to copy, modify, or redistribute without royalties or fees
• Not shareware or payware (or necessarily freeware)
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WinZIP, WinRAR, 7-Zip
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WinZIP, WinRAR, 7-Zip
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WinZIP, WinRAR, 7-Zip
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Process Explorer
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Copyright and Licensing • Each contributor retains copyright • Various licenses available (GPL, LGPL,
Apache, BSD, MIT) • Dual-licensing (x264, MySQL, Asterisk)
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Licenses • BSD, MIT, ISC • Apache • GPL • LGPL
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Revenue Sources • Paid support • Hold newest changes back • Consulting contracts • Damages from license violators • Donations
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OSS in the IT World • Pervasive - Linux kernel, GNU tools (gcc,
glibc), Apache, MySQL, Perl, PHP, Java, X • Widely accepted • Viable alternative to closed source
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OSS Advantages • Customization • Transparency • Cost • Quality
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Barriers for OSS in Broadcast • Large budgets • Dedicated hardware • Support • Documentation and interoperability
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Who is driving development? • Internet companies • IPTV and non-traditional providers • Some traditional broadcasters • Consumer electronics manufacturers • Video nerds
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FFmpeg and Libav • Swiss army knife of multimedia • FFmpeg forked for internal reasons • Provides LGPL library and command line
tool
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FFmbc • FFmpeg fork specifically for broadcast • Support for XDCAM, IMX, ProRes,
DNxHD, AVCIntra • Merge/Split audio tracks
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FFmbc • Write AFD in MXF files • OP-1a Avid MXF • DPX encoding • DVCPROHD encoder in QT or MXF
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VLC • Cross
platform media player
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x264 • Open source MPEG-4/AVC encoder • ISO/IEC 14496-10/ITU-T H.264/AVC • GPL and commercial license
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x264 • Won the last
five Moscow State University annual codec comparisons
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x264 • 8-bit and 10-bit • 4:2:0, 4:2:2, and 4:4:4 • Lossless • Low latency tools • Periodic intra refresh
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x264 • Blu-ray support – GDMX and Criterion • Interlacing – MBAFF • 3D – Frame packing, MVC pending • Some broadcast users • Even more Internet users
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Open Broadcast Encoder • Already some in-house encoders in use • Use OSS projects to create a high-end
realtime encoder on commodity hardware • OBE for real time and video on demand
use cases
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Open Broadcast Encoder • libmpegts – MPEG-2 TS mux library • OBE VoD – Fork of the x264 command
line program with audio, captions, and MPEG-2 transport stream support
• OBE RT – Real-time live encoding from (HD)SDI sources to UDP/RTP and ASI
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Open Broadcast Encoder • LPB – Lottery drawings and legislative
coverage on SES-2 • Frikanalen – OTA DVB channel in Norway • WildTV, Najdi
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x262 • MPEG-2 encoder based on x264 • Open source ATSC chain • Developed by me (shameless plug)
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libzvbi • Library to parse VBI pulses • 608/708 Captions, XDS, Teletext • Already existed as part of Zapping TV
viewer
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biTStream • C headers for reading/writing MPEG and
DVB PSI structures • Potential for ATSC support to create an
open source PSIP generator
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dvblast • Stream TV channels to a network • Sources could be DVB satellite tuner, ASI,
or IP • Downlink diversity site
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AviSynth • Powerful scripting language for
manipulating video • Wine support. Also avixsynth for Linux. • Standards conversion, grain removal,
color space conversion, de-banding, editing
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AviSynth • Tons of 3rd party plugins • Pre-packaged scripts for common
restoration tasks
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AviSynth • 24p to 30i • 720p and 1080i cross converting • Fix field blending in PAL/NTSC transfers • Botched deinterlacing • Restore 8mm film
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Handbrake • Tool for
DVD conversion
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SoX • Sound eXchange • Raw, Amiga, AIFF, Sun, WAV variants • Filtering system for effects • Merge, concatenate, mix
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AtomicParsley • Tool for editing iTunes metadata with MP4
assets • Episode Number, Season, TV Network
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Phil 3000 • Set of scripts for transcoding media at LPB • C# frontend talks to a Microsoft HPC
cluster with 4 nodes
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CasparCG • Live production graphics system created
by SVT (Swedish TV) • Plays Flash content on-air
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Ingex • Multi-camera tapeless recording • Commodity PC with SDI capture cards • Capture, log, generate EDL • DVCPro50/HD, IMX50, DNxHD, Avid
2:1/10:1/20:1 • Developed by BBC Research
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Ingex Archive • BBC had 380,000 D3 tapes in 2006 • Archived uncompressed (SMPTE 384M
and 382M) in MXF OP-1A to LTO-3 tape • Simultaneously created viewing proxies
with x264 and FAAC
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Media Loving Toolkit (MLT) • C framework for controlling media ingest
and playout • Could build playout server that can do
branding (crawls, lower thirds, bugs)
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Lightworks • Open source
NLE (almost) • Yearly
subscription
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OpenShot • Linux NLE • Built on
FFmpeg and MLT
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Blender • 3D
modeling and effects
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TeleKast • Prompter with
segments
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