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Open Science

University of Reading, 28 March 2017Ian Devine, UK Research Office (UKRO)Ian.devine@bbsrc.ac.uk

Open SciencePolicy Background

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EU R&I priorities defined by the Commissioner for Research and Innovation in June 2015:

• Open Innovation

• Open Science

• Open to the world

The Horizon 2020 Work Programme reflects these priorities.

The 3 O’s or what is on the Horizon?

"As I see it, European success now lies in sharing as soon as possible, (…). The days of open science have arrived.” • Speech at "Presidency Conference Open Science", 04 of April, 2016,

Amsterdam

Optimise the impact of publicly-funded scientific research • At European level (FP7 & Horizon 2020)

• At Member State level

One way to get there: open access with expected benefits: • Better, more efficient science

• Economic growth

• Broader, faster, more transparent and equal access for the benefit of researchers, industry and citizens

• … in the European Research Area and beyond

European Commission’s Objectives

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Open access (OA) refers to the practice of providing online access to scientific information that is free of charge to the end-user and reusable. 'Scientific' refers to all academic disciplines. In the context of research and innovation, 'scientific information' can mean:

• 1. peer-reviewed scientific research articles (published in scholarly journals) or

• 2. research data (data underlying publications, curated data and/or raw data).

What is Open Access?

Open AccessPublications

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Open Access to Publications during the last Framework Programme

• Pilot in 7 areas and >1300 projects

– 20% of total FP7 budget (2007-2013)

• OA publishing costs eligible in FP7

– Since the beginning of FP7 & for all projects

• Details in the FP7 model Grant Agreement

• Costing limited to duration of project

• EC funds OpenAIRE (Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe)

– OA infrastructure and national helpdesks.

– Currently identifies over 27.000 FP7 publications

Open Access in FP7

European Commission Survey (Summer 2011)

• >50% did not know realise there was an option of costing Open Access to the project

• Only 8 projects out of 194 reported costing Open Access items against the project

• For 72% of respondents, reimbursement of Gold Open Access is restricted by the fact that most publishing activities occur after the project end

• Almost 70% of respondents thought it better to use self-archiving (‘Green’ OA) to satisfy Open Access requirements

Open Access in FP7

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Regulation establishing Horizon 2020

• "To increase the circulation and exploitation of knowledge, open access to scientific publications should be ensured. Furthermore, open access to research data resulting from publicly funded research under Horizon 2020 should be promoted, taking into account constraints pertaining to privacy, national security and intellectual property rights…

• …Open access to scientific publications resulting from publicly funded research under Horizon 2020 shall be ensured…

• Open access to research data resulting from publicly funded research under Horizon 2020 shall be promoted..."

Open Access in Horizon 2020

Open Access

Source: European Commission

Obligation to provide open access when publishing

Allowed embargo 6 months (12 for SSH)

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Open AccessData

Pilot Study – 2014 – 2016

• A limited pilot, covering selected areas of Horizon 2020 (2014-2016)

• Targeted primarily towards data underlying publications (other data as specified in DMP)

• Opt outs are possible for IPR, confidentiality/privacy and security reason as well as if OA runs against the main objective of the project

• Voluntary opt ins (in areas not covered by the pilot) are possible on an individual project basis.

• a Data Management Plan (DMP) is obligatory for projects participating in the pilot (optional for others)

• Participation or opting out not part of the proposal evaluation process

• General approach: as open as possible, as closed as needed

Open Access to Research Data

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Open Research Data Pilot: take-up in first calls of H2020

• Basis: 3699 Horizon 2020 signed grant agreements

• Calls in core-areas: 65,4% stay in

• Other areas: voluntary opt in 11,9%

• Note: 100% participation is not feasible or even desirable (e.g. not all projects generate data)

Opt-out Reasons

Open Access to Research Data

Source: European Commission

Open Research Data Pilot – Extension!

• As of 2017 (calls opening 26/07/2016 onwards), Open Access to Research Data now default option for all Horizon 2020 proposals

• Appropriate opt-outs (partially/entirely) still apply, however:

– participation incompatible with obligation to protect results that can reasonably be expected to be commercially or industrially exploited

– participation incompatible with the need for confidentiality in connection with security issues

– participation is incompatible with rules on protecting personal data

– participation would mean that the project's main aim might not be achieved

– the project will not generate / collect any research data

– there are other legitimate reasons (you can enter these in a free-text box at the proposal stage).

• Open research data to be monitored throughout Horizon 2020 with a view to further developing the Commission's policy on open science.

Open Access to Research Data

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Open Science Proposal

Writing & Project

Implementation

“As open as possible, as closed as necessary.”

• Participation in the Open Research Data pilot is not part of a proposal’s evaluation. Proposals opting out will not be disadvantaged.

• During the lifetime of the project, the option to opt-out for the reasons given above remains.

Open Access and Proposal Writing

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• Part A Online Form

Application Stage

Applicants are asked to note whether:

- Data management activities are proposed

- They wish to take part in the pilot (for the time being)

• Part B Form

Application Stage

Applicants are required to outline their dissemination and exploitation plans

…this will include relevant information on…

Open Research Data

Open Access to Peer-reviewedPublications

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• Open Access and the dissemination/exploitation of project results will, for the most part, be considered under ‘Impact’…

Evaluation Stage

New to Horizon 2020!

Application stage:

• Where relevant, Horizon 2020 project proposals must include a section on data management which is evaluated under the criterion 'Impact'.

Award Stage:

• A first version of the data management plan must be provided as an early deliverable within six months of the project (to be mentioned in proposal)

Data Management Plan (DMP)

Note: DMP not required at submission stage, thus not evaluated

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• Should include:– What data will be created (format, types, volume...)

– Standards and methodologies to be used (incl. metadata)

– How ethics and Intellectual Property will be addressed

– Plans for data sharing and access

– Strategy for long-term preservation

• DMP Structure Template – Commission Guidance– Data Summary

– FAIR Data – Findable, Accessible, Interoperable & Reusable

– Allocation of Resources

– Data Security

– Ethical Aspects

– Other Issues…

Data Management Plan (DMP)

• General directories– Re3data.org

• Domain specific directories– e.g. life sciences – Biosharing.org

• Data journal recommendations– Edinburgh research data blog: Sources of dataset peer review

• Funding body recommendations– E.g. Wellcome Trust Data repositories and database sources

• Consider…– There may be an accepted repository used by peers or required by

funders

– Multidisciplinary studies may not have an obvious home

– Data types and volumes will impact on decision

Finding External Repositories

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• PASTEUR4OA (Open Access Policy Alignment Strategies for European Union Research) Started 2014

• FOSTER (Foster Open Science Training for European Research) Started 2014

• RECODE - (Policy Recommendations for Open Access to Research Data in Europe) – 2013, finishing

• OpenAIRE supporting the implementation of Open Access in Europe (publications and data)

OA Coordination & Support Actions

• Costs related to open access are eligible as part of the grant, if they fulfil the general eligibility conditions specified in the Grant Agreement.

• You can also find specific technical and professional support services through the OpenAIRE and EUDAT2020 projects.

Incentives and Supporting Measures

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Guidelines on OA (publications and research data)http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/grants_manual/hi/oa_pi

lot/h2020-hi-oa-pilot-guide_en.pdf

Guidelines on Data Managementhttp://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/grants_manual/hi/oa_pi

lot/h2020-hi-oa-data-mgt_en.pdf

EC OA website http://ec.europa.eu/research/science-society/open_access

European Research Area (ERA) http://ec.europa.eu/research/era/index_en.htm

Study to measure growth of OAhttp://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-13-786_en.htm

Innovation Unionhttp://ec.europa.eu/research/innovation-union/http://i3s.ec.europa.eu/home.html

Useful Links

Thank You!

Ian.devine@bbsrc.ac.uk