Open for Use? The Challenge of User Generated Content and its Impact on Open Educational Resources
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Transcript of Open for Use? The Challenge of User Generated Content and its Impact on Open Educational Resources
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Open for Use? The Challenge of User Generated Content and its Impact on Open Educational Resources
Steve WheelerUniversity of Plymouth, UK
Keynote speech for the EDEN Research Workshop, Budapest, October 2010
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“The open provision of educational resources, enabled by information and communication technologies, for consultation, use and adaptation by a community of users for non-commercial purposes”
- UNESCO (2002)
Open Educational Resources
http://www.wetcanvas.com
http://www.wetcanvas.com
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What can OER do?
• OER emphasises learning communities and learner engagement
• OER supports development of skills needed for problem solving
• OER creates opportunities for personalised learning
• OER allows students to create and share their own content
Adapted from: Holotescu, C. (2007) Open Educational Resources and FLOSS
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OER is premised upon sharing resources
Community of interest
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Community......has been defined as a group of interacting
people living in a common location.
http://www.psfk.com
In the digital age, common location is not as important as
common interest.
What are the characteristics of distributed learning communities?
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http://www.zimbio.com
Celebration
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Connection
cc S
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http://i.imwx.com
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Online, En massehttp://steve-wheeler.blogspot.com
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Communication
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Collaboration
http://idirekt.cz/soubory/t-mobile_dance2.png
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User Generated Content
Celebration
Connection
Communication
Collaboration
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User Generated Content is…
“…content that is created and shared freely by students and/or teachers and which has not been through a process of formal peer review”
Concede Project, May 2010
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“Wikipedia is different in that it doesn’t try to frame the creation of new entries with commissioned beginnings and fixed endpoints. It is open to anyone to initiate an entry on Wikipedia, and no entry is ever formally closed, since it is also open to anyone to keep editing and altering whatever is already there.”
– Andrew Lih The Wikipedia Revolution (2009)
http://wikipedia.org
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Advantages of OER
Sharing development costs of learning resources among institutions and professional communities means a better return on public investment
http://static-p3.fotolia.com
Adapted from: Holotescu, C. (2007) Open Educational Resources and FLOSS
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Advantages of OER
Adapted from: Holotescu, C. (2007) Open Educational Resources and FLOSS
Promoting digital competencies for the knowledge society. Tools and content that enable learners to develop their creativity and critical thinking. http://dyslexicbrian.com St
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Advantages of OER
Improving the quality of content. Quality control, feedback and improvement across the alliances, communities and networks that share the content.
Adapted from: Holotescu, C. (2007) Open Educational Resources and FLOSS
http://static.squidoo.com
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Advantages of OER
Adapted from: Holotescu, C. (2007) Open Educational Resources and FLOSS
Supporting lifelong learning and social inclusion.
Accessibility of resources previously unavailable to specific groups of people. http://www.flaglercomputerclub.com
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Offers flexibility in choosing from a broader range of subjects and topics for teaching and learning
Advantages of OER
Adapted from: Holotescu, C. (2007) Open Educational Resources and FLOSS
http://www.uh.edu
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Saves time and effort through the reusing of resources for which IPR/ Copyright issues have already been resolved.
Advantages of OER
http://qbn.com
Adapted from: Holotescu, C. (2007) Open Educational Resources and FLOSS
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Barriers to OER• Quality concerns• Suspicion of openness• Ownership (IP)• Sustainability• Search tools?
http://www.presd.org
Crowdsourced via Twitter
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6 Trends for the digital age
Analogue DigitalTethered MobileClosed OpenIsolated ConnectedGeneric Personal Consuming Creating
Source: David Wiley: Openness and the disaggregated future of higher education
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Characteristics of e-learning
Analogue DigitalTethered MobileClosed OpenIsolated ConnectedGeneric Personal Consuming Creating
Source: David Wiley: Openness and the disaggregated future of higher education
We have the technology to facilitate the rest, but do we have the will?!
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Free/Open Content...
...describes any kind of creative work in a format that explicitly allows copying and modifying of its information by anyone, not exclusively by a closed organisation, firm or individual.
Source: Wikipedia
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http://marshalevine.blogspot.com
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Copyleft/Creative Commons
Ultimately: Freedom to openly access, use, copy, modify and share content
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“Understanding how networks work is one of the most important literacies of the 21st Century.”
- Howard Rheingold
http://www.ischool.berkeley.edu
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If ... information is recognized as useful to the community ... it can be counted as knowledge. The community, then, has the power to create knowledge within a given context and leave that knowledge as a new node connected to the rest of the network’.
– Dave Cormier (2008)
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Open Networks
http://inperspire.blogspot.com
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A Challenge to empirical knowledge – ‘Community as curriculum’
‘The rhizomatic viewpoint (…) suggests that a distributed negotiation of knowledge can allow a community of people to legitimize the work they are doing among themselves and for each member of the group, the rhizomatic model dispenses with the need for external validation of knowledge...’
- Dave Cormier (2008)
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Rhizomatic knowledge
Participatory and negotiated experience of rhizomatic community engagement.
– Dave Cormier (2007)
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LMS vs PLE
http://mohamedaminechatti.blogspot.com/2010/03/lms-vs-ple.html
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Folksonomies
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http:
//m
asha
ble.
com
300,000 largest websites visualised using Favicons
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Formal and Informal learning
Formal Learning Informal Learning
20% 80%Source: Cofer, D. (2000). Informal Workplace Learning.
Blended?
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A tale of two papers
http://www.fromoldbooks.org
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Open Scholarship
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Open peer review
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Transparency
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Open impact
Closed Journal
3 years
12
Unknown
2.05
Open Journal
3 weeks
296
72,736
1.93
Time from submission to publication
Number of citations
Number of views
Journal impact factor
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Content amplification
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Event amplification
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"The greatest danger in times of turbulence is not the turbulence. It is to act with yesterday's logic." - Peter Drucker
http://pixdaus.com
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