Open, De Jure, De Facto and Proprietary: Standards and Microsoft
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Open, De Jure, De Facto Open, De Jure, De Facto And Proprietary: And Proprietary: Standards and Microsoft Standards and Microsoft Chris Wilson Chris Wilson Group Program Manager Group Program Manager Internet Explorer Platform and Internet Explorer Platform and Security Security Microsoft Corporation Microsoft Corporation NGW028 NGW028
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How is Microsoft approaching standards for tomorrow's applications? Come discuss the landscape of HTML, Javscript, C#, XAML, XHTML, XML, SVG, and others with the Group Program Manager of IE.
Transcript of Open, De Jure, De Facto and Proprietary: Standards and Microsoft
Open, De Jure, De Facto Open, De Jure, De Facto And Proprietary: And Proprietary: Standards and MicrosoftStandards and Microsoft
Chris WilsonChris WilsonGroup Program ManagerGroup Program ManagerInternet Explorer Platform and SecurityInternet Explorer Platform and SecurityMicrosoft CorporationMicrosoft Corporation
NGW028NGW028
Who Is This Character?Who Is This Character?An unknown member of Flock of Seagulls?An unknown member of Flock of Seagulls?
Browser guy since 1993Browser guy since 1993
NCSA Mosaic for WindowsNCSA Mosaic for Windows
SPRY MosaicSPRY Mosaic
Internet Explorer Internet Explorer 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 7.0!2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 7.0!
And a stint in Avalon (WPF)And a stint in Avalon (WPF)
Web standards guyWeb standards guyHTML, CSS, DOM, I18n, XSLHTML, CSS, DOM, I18n, XSL
What Am I Here To Discuss?What Am I Here To Discuss?Now that you know who I amNow that you know who I am
Define terms around “standards”Define terms around “standards”
Discuss proprietary versus openDiscuss proprietary versus open
(re-)State our commitments(re-)State our commitments
Open discussion!Open discussion!
What’s A “Standard”?What’s A “Standard”?The OED definitionThe OED definition
Standard, n. ('stændəd) Standard, n. ('stændəd)
A rule, principle, or means of judgment A rule, principle, or means of judgment or estimation; a criterion, measure or estimation; a criterion, measure
Translation: Translation: Descriptive declaration of a set of features Descriptive declaration of a set of features with which to measure implementationswith which to measure implementations
Defining Some TermsDefining Some TermsThat describe standardsThat describe standards
De JureDe Jure
De FactoDe Facto
OpenOpen
ProprietaryProprietary
De Jure vs. De FactoDe Jure vs. De FactoDeclared vs. In PracticeDeclared vs. In Practice
De Jure - by right, according to lawDe Jure - by right, according to lawDe Jure standards are De Jure standards are declareddeclared to be the to be the standard – often by a consortiumstandard – often by a consortium
Often but not always not always openOften but not always not always open
De Facto - in reality, as a matter of factDe Facto - in reality, as a matter of factDe facto standards De facto standards growgrow to become to become adopted as a standardadopted as a standard
Often but not always proprietaryOften but not always proprietary
Strong backwards compatibility needsStrong backwards compatibility needs
Open vs. ProprietaryOpen vs. ProprietaryMore than one definitionMore than one definition
Open exchange of ideas – anyone can Open exchange of ideas – anyone can participate in developing the standardparticipate in developing the standard
Challenge – balancing participant inputChallenge – balancing participant input
Open can also mean open for anyone to Open can also mean open for anyone to implement – e.g., royalty-freeimplement – e.g., royalty-free
Proprietary can mean private - “license Proprietary can mean private - “license must be obtained, if available”must be obtained, if available”
Proprietary can mean privately Proprietary can mean privately developed - but others free to implementdeveloped - but others free to implement
Open Versus ProprietaryOpen Versus ProprietaryWhy isn’t everything open?Why isn’t everything open?
With openly-developed standards, you get:With openly-developed standards, you get:Lots of different people participatingLots of different people participating
Smart people everywhere!Smart people everywhere!
Influence and experience from a wider Influence and experience from a wider variety of consumers/producersvariety of consumers/producersBetter interoperability across vendorsBetter interoperability across vendors““Design by committee”Design by committee”
Less direct ownership, drive to participateLess direct ownership, drive to participateParticipants may have different goalsParticipants may have different goals
Open Versus ProprietaryOpen Versus ProprietaryNo really, why isn’t everything open?No really, why isn’t everything open?
With proprietary standards, you get:With proprietary standards, you get:
To solve only a limited set of problemsTo solve only a limited set of problemsMaintain a coherent goals and designMaintain a coherent goals and design
No “design by committee”No “design by committee”
May have own vision of the needs/futureMay have own vision of the needs/future
To move fasterTo move faster
To easily maintain intellectual propertyTo easily maintain intellectual property
Only a private set of perspectivesOnly a private set of perspectives
Innovation HappensInnovation HappensHow does innovation get standardized?How does innovation get standardized?
Sometimes tried out in a proprietary way Sometimes tried out in a proprietary way first – like border-radius in Mozillafirst – like border-radius in Mozilla
Sometimes things start as proprietary and Sometimes things start as proprietary and are donated to open efforts – but in the are donated to open efforts – but in the process, they are likely to changeprocess, they are likely to change
Sometimes there are differences between Sometimes there are differences between the proprietary version and the de jure the proprietary version and the de jure standard one – e.g. RSS and Atomstandard one – e.g. RSS and Atom
Sometimes the whole thing is done as an Sometimes the whole thing is done as an open effort from the beginning, like XMLopen effort from the beginning, like XML
What’s AJAX?What’s AJAX?And is it a standard?And is it a standard?
Shorthand for “Asynchronous JavaScript + XML”Shorthand for “Asynchronous JavaScript + XML”
““Ajax isn’t a technology [or a standard]. It’s really Ajax isn’t a technology [or a standard]. It’s really several technologies [and standards], each several technologies [and standards], each flourishing in its own right, coming together in flourishing in its own right, coming together in powerful new ways. Ajax incorporates:powerful new ways. Ajax incorporates:
Standards-based presentation using XHTML and CSS; Standards-based presentation using XHTML and CSS;
Dynamic interaction using the Document Object Model; Dynamic interaction using the Document Object Model;
Data interchange and manipulation using XML & XSLT; Data interchange and manipulation using XML & XSLT;
Asynchronous data retrieval using XMLHttpRequest; Asynchronous data retrieval using XMLHttpRequest;
And JavaScript binding everything together.”And JavaScript binding everything together.”
Proprietary To De FactoProprietary To De FactoXMLHttpRequest – An exampleXMLHttpRequest – An example
In 1998, the core technology in AJAX In 1998, the core technology in AJAX was created and implemented by was created and implemented by Microsoft – the XMLHttpRequest objectMicrosoft – the XMLHttpRequest object
Other browsers have picked this up Other browsers have picked this up and implemented it, and now the W3C and implemented it, and now the W3C is creating a de jure standard around itis creating a de jure standard around it
Principles of Our Standards SupportPrinciples of Our Standards SupportYes, we do have principlesYes, we do have principles
We have always responded to our We have always responded to our customers’ needscustomers’ needsWe are committed to making the world We are committed to making the world better by improving the quality of our better by improving the quality of our support of open standards in IEsupport of open standards in IEBalance with backward compatibility - Balance with backward compatibility - not an excuse to not improvenot an excuse to not improveWe don’t pre-announce – but we are We don’t pre-announce – but we are becoming more open in communicationsbecoming more open in communications
This isn’t newThis isn’t newIn April 2000 we said:In April 2000 we said:
“ “Since its genesis, Microsoft's Internet Since its genesis, Microsoft's Internet Explorer technology has been focused on Explorer technology has been focused on providing customers with the best Internet providing customers with the best Internet browsing experience possible … browsing experience possible …
Microsoft is proud that the Internet Explorer Microsoft is proud that the Internet Explorer 5.0 technologies in Windows are the most 5.0 technologies in Windows are the most standards compliant browsing technology standards compliant browsing technology shipping today. This underscores the shipping today. This underscores the importance that standards have in the importance that standards have in the development of Internet browsing development of Internet browsing technologies.”technologies.”
So Where’ve You Been?So Where’ve You Been?Since 2001…Since 2001…
Security exploits grew more profitable– Security exploits grew more profitable– and therefore more sophisticatedand therefore more sophisticated
Feature-packed release of IE in Windows Feature-packed release of IE in Windows XP Service Pack 2 – focused on securityXP Service Pack 2 – focused on security
Also recognized some shortcomings of Also recognized some shortcomings of DHTML as the foundation of the only DHTML as the foundation of the only client application platform – exploiting client application platform – exploiting local resources, performance, security local resources, performance, security model, tools supportmodel, tools support
DHTML And WPF DHTML And WPF A comparisonA comparison
WPF designed as an integrated platform for WPF designed as an integrated platform for Documents, UI, and Media (incl. anim and 3D) Documents, UI, and Media (incl. anim and 3D)
Integration across all media and app types Integration across all media and app types
XAML is the declarative markup language XAML is the declarative markup language
Can be in-browser or standalone – little change Can be in-browser or standalone – little change
Ajax-style development uses current DHTML, Ajax-style development uses current DHTML, but is missing some application constructs but is missing some application constructs
UI controls and layouts, application model, etc.UI controls and layouts, application model, etc.
Two new W3C WGs to work on standards for thisTwo new W3C WGs to work on standards for this
A Few Thoughts To Kick A Few Thoughts To Kick Off DiscussionOff Discussion
There are lots of formats that make up There are lots of formats that make up the web – not all of them are openthe web – not all of them are open
Open standards have always formed Open standards have always formed the interoperable core of the webthe interoperable core of the web
Over time interoperable core increasesOver time interoperable core increasesFor example XML, XSLT, XMLHTTP, CSS, For example XML, XSLT, XMLHTTP, CSS, XHTML, SVG and more add to this coreXHTML, SVG and more add to this core
[email protected]@microsoft.com
© 2006 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.This presentation is for informational purposes only. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, in this summary.
