Open Access Publishing & Copyright · In 2016, the CrossRef database alone has given 55 million...
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Open Access Publishing & Copyright By Jill Claassen & Lena Nyahodza UCT Libraries
Transcript of Open Access Publishing & Copyright · In 2016, the CrossRef database alone has given 55 million...
Open Access Publishing & Copyright
By Jill Claassen & Lena NyahodzaUCT Libraries
Agenda•The difference between open access journals and subscription-based (closed) journals
•UCT’s Open Access Policy
•Copyright issues that pertains to Journals
•How to choose the right open access journal
•Funding for open access journals
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Lena and I have proposed an agenda. We hope that you will leave this session having some of your questions answered about open access publishing. We would like to give you enough information about the benefits to making your work open access, about UCT’s OA policy, choosing the right open access journal and where to find funding once you’ve decided to publish your research openly.
What is Open Access?
What Open Access is not?It is not self-publishing, nor a way to bypass the peer-review process. OA does not mean predatory publishing, nor does it mean lowering quality standards.
Common steps in closed and open journals
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What is a closed – subscription-based journal? What is an open access journal? As a researcher, you would like to make your research findings accessible, so you write up these findings for a journal. You then google and find a journal that seems well suited to your research area. You’re accessing this journal via UCT’s network. You submit your manuscript, it goes for peer review and then it’s accepted for publication. At any given time, you then attempt to open the journal off campus and you see, oops it’s asking for an astronomical amount to view one article in that journal. This is a subscription journal. It means that UCT can afford to pay a subscription to access the journal. Yet globally no university can afford to pay the subscription price for all journals as the cost is too high and library budgets continue to shrink. When you want to publish your work open access, the same steps apply, but when your article is published, it is free to access by the reader online.
Further steps in closed and open journals
Closed Journals Open Journals
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The workflow is different between open and closed journals. After acceptance in an open access journal, the turn around time to view your article is quicker than in closed journals as it’s immediately accessible to the public, copyright remains with you as the author. That means that you can use your findings in your teaching and in other research outputs. Anyone around the world with an internet connection can freely access your research and you are contributing to the global knowledge pool. Publishing in a closed journal – a journal that requires a subscription to access journal articles, your copyright is transferred to the publisher, which means your can’t use your own work for your teaching and you are restricting your audience from reading your work as a subscription is needed to view the fulltext or pay an amount to view one article. The workflow for closed journals is not a good investment of public money as scientific progress is hindered because of restricted access. If you choose to publish in a closed journal, you can make a version of your journal article available open access, which Lena will speak to.
Congratulations. Your manuscript has been accepted by the journal I own. Just sign here.
UCT’s Open Access (OA) Policy
Approved by Council: 14 June 2014, Amendments approved by BfGS, 9 February 2016 and the URC, 24
February 2016
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Now that you know the difference between a closed and open journal, it is important to know that UCT supports open access. The institution has an open access policy. By having this policy, UCT is letting the world know that they want to share their research. Because UCT is a research intensive university it has the morale obligation to provide free access to their research to those in the world who cannot afford journal subscriptions, specially in many parts of Africa.
Benefits to adopting of UCT’s OA Policy
The University actively seeks to: increase discoverability and visibility of scholarly output at
UCT• preserve, present and facilitate access to the institution’s
research and knowledge production;• ensure the full participation of the UCT academy in global
knowledge communities;• increase citations of UCT scholarship.
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In the Open Access policy, the benefits to adopting the Policy are included in it. I have listed four in this slide. When you make your work open access – and it can be open access in a journal publication, or it can be open access in the institutional repository (OpenUCT), which Lena will speak about later – you are making your research findable and accessible on google. The scholarship that is in OpenUCT is preserved and because your work is not blocked by a pay wall, it is likely that your scholarly output will be used and cited by others.
Highlighting the Author responsibilities in the OA Policy
In 5.1: Author Responsibilities
Deposit a post peer reviewed publication into OpenUCT
Grant holders are required to comply with any conditions for publishing scholarly content as set out by the funder
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I will speak to two sections of the policy, one now, which is the author responsibilities – and one later in the presentation. According to the Open Access Policy, authors should deposit their author accepted manuscript into OpenUCT. Lena will speak to you about what is this version that is referred to in the Policy. Under this section, the Policy also states that grantees should comply with their funders mandates with regards to publishing their research. So if you receive funding from, for example: the Medical Research Council, the National Science Foundation, the Wellcome Trust, National Institutions of Health or the NRF, you will have to make your research article open between six and twelve months after it has been published – which is an embargo period. If you receive funding from the Gates Foundation, you cannot have any embargo on your work, which means it must be available immediately upon publication.
…. From 01 March 2015, authors of researchpapers generated from research either fully orpartially funded by NRF, when submitting andpublishing in academic journals, should deposittheir final peer-reviewed manuscripts that havebeen accepted by the journals, to theadministering Institution Repository with anembargo period of no more than 12 months….
http://ir.nrf.ac.za/bitstream/10907/103/1/oastatement_2015.pdf
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This is the NRF’s Open Access Statement. If you receive NRF funding for projects, research papers should be deposited into the Repository, with an embargo of up to 12 months. I’m going to hand over to Lena who will explain the versions of journals and she will talk about copyright that pertains to journals
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Beside the Gold and Closed routes, there is the Green route: where Open Access copies will be downloaded from repositories? This means there are versions that authors have permission to deposit onto the institutional repository. Some copyright policies allow Accepted manuscripts to be on the institutional repository and may be embargoed temporarily, the version that you have permission to share could be under restriction for a certain period.
Copyright: Author/Creator’s right• Copyright is a legal right that grants the
creator of an original work exclusive rights for
a) its use and b) distribution
• The right is created by the law of a country, therefore this may differ in every state
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It is important to consider copyright guidelines during choosing a journal: so that you abide by institutional policies like the UCT’s open access policy and funder requirements like NRF. If the journal is open access there is no need to worry about permission to share. If not open access this means as a researcher you will sign away your copyright to the publisher and therefore you need to check if there is a version allowed by the publisher onto the institutional repository
Credited to University of Canteburry Research Repository
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Author manuscript also called pre-print or (pre-refereed copy) Remember this could differ depending with Accepted manuscript, post-print or (post-refereed copy) Publishers’ version/PDF or version of record (formatted version as you will find in the journal)
Copyright handling and Open Licenses
• Publisher holds copyright (NO license)Closed Journal
• Publisher/author holds copyright • May/may not chose Open licenseHybrid Journal
• Author retains copyright• May choose/use available Open license
Open Access Journal
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After peer-review depending on the type of the journal chosen you might asked to add a license that guides users on how to use your work
Copyright and Open Licenses
• Open Licenses or (Creative Commons Licenses) are provided to assist creators of workers to retain copyright allowing others to:
a) copy b) distribute c) editd) Remix and/ore) built upon
NB: CC licenses do not replace copyright
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When you hols copyright you have the right to chose additional licenses to guide users on how they can use your work
Six Creative Commons Licenses
Copyright Guidelines
• Do I have the right to share via green route (institutional repository, OpenUCT)?
• Where can I find copyright guidelines?– Sherpa-Romeo (database for copyright policies for
journals/publisher)– Publishers website– Journal homepages
NB: Guidelines are more useful during the process of choosing a journal
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Where can I get copyright guidelines? Copyright policy database (Sherpa-Romeo) Publishers’ websites Journal Homepages
Checking for Journal Copyright Policyhttp://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/search.php
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After signing away copyright what other rights do I have? Check copyright guidelines to understand: whether the selected journal allow any version to be shared on the institutional repository (Green route) Do they allow pre-print or post-print? Is the version the one accepted by UCT policy, UCT policy states “Appropriate version” which is post-print of the publisher’s version Does the version needs to be embargoed, for how long? Embargo is restricting a copy from being accessible by the public for various reasons. Publishers do it to make money out of the output first Is the embargo period acceptable by the funder or by your institution?
Choose the right journal for your research
http://thinkchecksubmit.org/
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So now that you understand the abit about versions that are allowed in OpenUCT, sharing licenses and some aspects to copyright, I’m now going to focus on, how do you choose a journal. It’s important to have a set of guidelines when choosing a journal. A good website to go to is the one listed on this slide. There are questions that you ask yourself and can use as a checklist before making a decision to submit your manuscript to a particular journal.
1. Are you submitting your research to a trusted journal?
2. Is it the right journal for your work?•More research is being published worldwide. •New journals are launched each week. •It can be challenging to find up-to-date guidance when choosing where to publish.
How can you be sure the journal you are considering is the right journal for your research?
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The number of active academic journals grows by around 3.5 per cent each year – in 2014 this equated to almost 1,000 new titles. In 2016, the CrossRef database alone has given 55 million registered DOIs for journal articles from a total of over 36,000 journals. At the same time, we read of stories of questionable publishing, but little in the way of guidance exists when it comes to choosing a journal to publish in.
• Do you or your colleagues know the journal?• Can you easily identify and contact the publisher?• Is the journal clear about the type of peer review it
uses? • Are articles indexed in services that you use? • Is it clear what fees will be charged?• Do you recognise the editorial board?• If the journal is open access, is it listed in the
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) ?
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Some further questions to ask yourself are listed in this slide. Something to look for when you find a journal website, is contact details of the publisher and of the editorial board. See if the editorial board are in fact experts in their field as stated on the website. Go to their institution webpage to see if they do indeed work at that institution. Is the journal specific about what kind of peer review process it uses – do they give a turn around time as to when your article will be published. If it’s less than 4 weeks after submission, I would question that journal if there is a double blind peer review process as we know reviewers can take a while to provide their feedback. After you check the DOAJ, please check the journal is on the DHET list as well. It must be an accredited journal.
Submit your article only if you are happy you can answer ‘yes’ to most or all of the questions.
• You need to be confident your chosen journal will have a suitable profile among your peers to enhance your reputation and your chance of gaining citations.
Only then should you submit your article.
UCT’s top 10 Journals published inInCites Top Journals SciVal Top Journals DHET Top Journals
SAMJ (South African Medical Journal)
South African Medical Journal PLoS One
PLoS One PLoS One SAMJ South African Medical Journal
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Journal of High Energy Physics Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Physical Review D Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
African Journal of Marine Science
Journal of High Energy Physics Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and
Cosmology
Jaids-Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
South African Journal of Botany Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and
High-Energy Physics
Minerals Engineering
Physics Letters B The Lancet AIDS
Lancet African Journal of Marine Science
Physical Review D
African Journal of Marine Science
European Physical Journal C International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
JAIDS-Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Astrophysical Journal
Key:Green = Gold Open Access Journals
Red = Hybrid model journals
Blue = Closed journals
Raju, Claassen & Moll (2016)
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We used two bibliometic databases: Incites and SciVal and the DHET list. As you can see, the top two journals published in are Gold OA, with a third Gold OA journal within the top 10 in two of the database. The remainder of the journals are hybrid journals, excepting one closed journal (astrophysical journal – which is an association journal).
Funding Support for Open Access Publications
• This is a fund set aside by UCT to provide a contribution for researchers who publish in journals with article processing charges (APCs).
• The Libraries are responsible for implementing the OA Policy, and also administering the Open Access Journal Publications Fund.
http://www2.lib.uct.ac.za/oapfund/
Open Access Publishing at UCT LibrariesCurrently host four open access journals
Currently published five open access monographs and one textbook
References
Raju, R., Claassen, J. & Moll, E. 2016. Researchers adapting to open access journal publishing: the case of the University of Cape Town. South African Journal of Libraries and Information Science, 82(2): 34-45.
Thank you
