ONTOLOGIES BASED COMMUNICATIONS through MODEL DRIVEN … · ONTOLOGIES BASED COMMUNICATIONS through...
Transcript of ONTOLOGIES BASED COMMUNICATIONS through MODEL DRIVEN … · ONTOLOGIES BASED COMMUNICATIONS through...
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ONTOLOGIES BASED COMMUNICATIONS ONTOLOGIES BASED COMMUNICATIONS throughthrough MODEL DRIVEN TOOLS : MODEL DRIVEN TOOLS :
FEASIBILITY FEASIBILITY ofof thethe MDA MDA APPROACH in UCE APPROACH in UCE projectsprojects
A.F. CuttingA.F. Cutting--DecelleDecelleIndustrial Engineering Research Lab, Industrial Engineering Research Lab, EcoleEcole
CentraleCentrale Paris, Paris, ChatenayChatenay MalabryMalabry, F, F
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• Introduction• The MDA approach• The MDD interoperability framework• Application of MDA techniques to the
management of ontologies in UCE projects• Issues - perspectives
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IntroductionIntroduction
The productivity problem
The portability problem
The interoperability problem
The documentation problem
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The Productivity Problem :
Requirements
analysis
Design
coding
testing
deployment
Text
Text and diagrams
Text and diagrams
Code
Code
Iterative process(in theory)
Iterative process(in practice)
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The Portability Problem :
Increase of new technologies
Need to follow these new technologiesTechnology required by customersCan solve real problems (XML)Only new technologies supported by tool vendors
Software tools need to interoperate
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The Interoperability Problem :
Existing software need to communicate with new ones
Increase of modular tools
Modules built according to specific technologies
Increase of need for interoperability
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The Documentation Problem :
Documentation :often considered as a by-producttime consumingslows down the development process
Result :need to generate documentation directly from the
source code
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Written by :REYES GRANGEL (Universitat Jaume I),
JEAN-PIERRE BOUREY and RAMZI BEN SALEM (Ecole Centrale Lille)
TheThe MDA MDA approachapproach
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The MDA frameworkThe MDA development life cycleThe MDA benefitsInside the MDA FrameworkModel transformation
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Object Management Group
Is a consortiumCreated in April 1989By 11 companies (3Com, American Airline, Canon, HP, Philips,Sun, Unisys, …)
Over than 850 membersContributors (Boeing, Borland Software Corporation, Sun Microsystems, W3 Consortium…)Platforms (BEA Systems , Fujitsu, Hewlett-Packard , Nokia ,SAP AG)Universities (INRIA , EURESCOM …)
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Object Management Group
Main goalsSetting standards in the area of distributed object
computing
OMG’s specificationsUMLCORBA/IIOPMDACWM,…
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MDA (MDA (Model Driven Architecture)Model Driven Architecture)Attempt to solve the previous problems ....
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The MDA development life cycle
Softwarerequirements
analysis
Design
coding
testing
deployment
Text
PIM
PSM
Code
Code
MDA process
Enterpriserequirements
CIM
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Computation Independent Model (CIM)
Softwarerequirements
Enterpriserequirements
CIM
Specifies business processes, stakeholders, departments, dependencies between processes, ...
Represents the system requirementsDoes not show details of the structure Made of two subdivisions:
Business ModelBusiness Requirements for Systems.
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Platform Independent Model (PIM)
analysis
DesignPIM
Shows a high level of abstractionIndependent of any implementation technologyDescribes the software system
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Platform Specific Model (PSM)
Design
codingPSM
Describes the system in one specific implementationtechnologyA PIM is transformed into one or more PSMsFor each specific technology platform a separate PSMis generated
Example:Relational Database PSM for (column, foreign key…)EJB PSM (entity bean, home interface, session bean…)
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Code
coding
testing
deployment
Code
Code
Represents the final step of the development processAutomatically generated
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The MDA transformation steps
PIM
PSM
Code
PSM
Code
Transformation Transformation
Transformation Transformation
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MDA benefits
Interoperability
Portability
Productivity
Documentation
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The interoperability benefit
Class diagram
DataBase
SQL
Java
Java
PSMBridge
CodeBridge
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Productivity gains
Minimize the development time
Focused on PIM development
Improved functionalities
Reduced development time
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Portability benefits
A PIM can be transformed into multiple PSMs
A PIM describes a portable specification
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Maintenance and documentation benefits
Documentation always up-to-date
The PIM provides the high level documentation
Consistency checking between a high level documentation and the code
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Inside the MDA Framework :
Modelling and metamodelling
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Model
Model
Language
System
Is Written in
describes
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Metamodel
Model
Language
System
Is Written in
describes
Metamodel
Is defined by
Is written in
Meta-Language
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The OMG’s metamodelling architecture
The real world
Model
Metamodel
Meta-Metamodel
Class
Meta-class
Meta-association
Attribute
Layer M3Instance of
Instance ofLayer M2
Layer M0
Layer M1 reference : Integercolour : Text
Instance of
Instance of
[MDA, Hubert Kadima]
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Inside the MDA Framework:
Transformations
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Some definitions
A transformation is the automatic generation of the targetmodel from a source model, according to a transformation definition
A transformation definition is a set of transformation rules that together describe how a model in the source language can be transformed into a model in the target language
A transformation rule is a description of how one or more constructs in the source language can be transformed into one or more constructs in the target model
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Role of the transformation tool
PIM PSM
Transformationtool
Transformationdefinition
Code
Transformationtool
Transformationdefinition
UML
TransformationUML->SQL
SQL
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Requirements for a transformation rule :
Knowledge of the source language referenceKnowledge of the target language referenceA set of source language model elementsA set of target language model elementsThe source language conditionThe target language conditionA set of mapping rules
NEED OF ONTOLOGIESNEED OF ONTOLOGIES
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MDD MDD InteroperabilityInteroperability frameworkframeworkINTEROP, Deliverable D9.1, 2004INTEROP, Deliverable D9.1, 2004
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Application Application ofof MDA Techniques : MDA Techniques : Management Management ofof ontologies in UE ontologies in UE projectsprojects
Example of a generic urban development application usingseveral ontology-based software tools :
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Model transformations Model transformations basedbased on ontologies :on ontologies :
SystemModelsMDD
system
OntologyModels
GIS model
SystemModelsMDD
system
OntologyModels
SystemModels
system
OntologyModels
SystemModels
system
OntologyModels
GIS modelUrbanmodeller
GISUrban
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Model transformations Model transformations basedbased on ontologies :on ontologies :Model Model interoperabilityinteroperability
SystemModelsMDD
system
OntologyModels
GIS model
SystemModelsMDD
system
OntologyModels
SystemModels
system
OntologyModels
SystemModels
system
OntologyModels
GIS modelUrbanmodeller
GISUrban
Model Interoperability
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IssuesIssues-- PerspectivesPerspectives
Specificity of the sector :Important coordination activities in UCE projects among numerous
software tools : need of sharing a common knowledge about the projectNot all the activities are computerised : need of a common knowledge
understandable by humansNumerous informal relations among the partners : an important part of the
knowledge is not formalised : important implicit knowledgeImportant variations between countries – or else between regions
Importance of model driven approachesImportance of model driven approachesRole of Role of ontologiesontologies for model transformationsfor model transformations
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CreditsCredits
Disclaimer and Copyright Notice: Permission is granted without fee for personal or educational (non-profit) use. In other cases contact with INTEROP Project Coordinator [email protected] for use conditions. Some of the figures presented in this tutorial are freely inspired by others reported in referenced works/sources. For such figures copyright and all rights therein are maintained by the original authors or by other copyright holders. It is understood that all persons copying these figures will adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each copyright holder.
Developed by PARTNER
for INTEROP Projectwww.interop-noe.org
Model Driven Architecture
Published:
Authors: History:Reyes Grangel [email protected]: Universitat Jaume ICountry: Spain
Jean-Pierre Bourey [email protected]
Ramzi Ben Salem [email protected]
Institution: Ecole Centrale LilleCountry: France
Describe here the tutorial history (past projects, etc.)
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QUESTIONS ?QUESTIONS ?