Online protein making notes
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![Page 1: Online protein making notes](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051818/549ae9fab4795929098b4631/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
DNA
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(DNA is a type of nucleic acid!)
Do you remember the four biomolecules?
lipids, protein, carbohydrates and...
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•The goal of the cell is to make•Proteins make your traits.
proteins.
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Proteins…Proteins…• Such as…
– hemoglobin: transport oxygen
– insulin: hormone; removes sugar from blood
– antibodies: fights infection
– lactase: enzyme; digests milk sugar (lactose)
– collagen: skin, bones, tendons
– keratin: skin, hair, nails
– myosin: muscle contraction
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DNA= DeoxyribonucleicAcid
Location in cell: Nucleus
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The nucleus contains
chromosomes which
contains DNA. DNA makes your genes.
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Structure of DNA• 2 long strands of nucleotides in a spiral shape.
• Ladder-shaped when “untwisted”.
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• The sides of the DNA “ladder” consist of alternating
(sugar) and
molecules.
Deoxyribose
Phosphate
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• The rungs of the DNA “ladder” consist of
Nitrogen bases
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DNA nucleotide• One nucleotide is one piece of DNA.
• Consist of three parts:–Deoxyribose (sugar)–Phosphate–Nitrogen base (A, T, C, G)
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There are 4 possiblenitrogen bases in DNA:
(A)(T) (C)(G)
Adenine
Guanine
ThymineCytosine
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Deoxyribose
(sugar)
PHOSPHATE
NITROGEN BASES (A, T, C, G)
Deoxyribose
(sugar)
PHOSPHATE
PHOSPHATE
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•adenine always pairs with•guanine always pairs with
thymine
cytosineThis is known as
complimentary base pairing.
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