Online Plant Sale 2020 PLANT SALE CATALOG · Plants usually attain a height of 3-4’ and a spread...

PLANT SALE

CATALOG

Kings Gap Environmental Education Center

Friends of Kings Gap Online Plant Sale 2020

References:

New Moon Nursery, 910 Kings Highway, Woodstown, New Jersey

North Creek Nurseries, 388 North Creek Road, Landenberg, Pennsylvania

Missouri Botanical Gardner, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri

USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Plants Database

The Friends of Kings Gap is a Chapter of the PA Parks and

Forest Foundation, a 501 c (3) non-profit organization.

Aquilegia canadensis Wild Columbine Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Aquilegia canadensis is a lovely wildflower with delicate ferny foliage. In spring, slender flower stalks emerge bearing elegant red and yellow flowers. The blooms are nodding and have long spurs. Plants are a lot tougher than they look. All they really need is a partly sunny or shaded site with average or dry garden soil. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Native to Canada and all states east of the Rockies except for Louisiana. The range extends from Nova Scotia south to the Florida panhandle and west to Texas. Plants occur in rocky rich woods, on cliffs, on wooded bluffs above creeks, road cuts and in dry woods. Sites are usually steep, rocky and moist but Wild Columbine will adapt to sunny disturbed sites if climate is not excessively hot. Hardy from USDA Zones 3-8. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Aquilegia canadensis is an upright branching perennial with compound round-lobed leaves. Foliage is airy, deep green and very attractive. A green winter rosette is present except in extremely cold climates. Pendant flowers are held above the foliage in late spring and early summer. The flowers are comprised of 5 tubular red and yellow petals and 5 flat red sepals. The petal spurs point up and contain nectar that is only accessible to long tongued pollinators like hawk moths and hummingbirds. Plants usually attain a height of 3-4’ and a spread of 1’. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Aquilegia canadensis grows best in partial shade but also adapts to sun and shade. Plants need a well-drained soil and are tolerant of drought and alkaline soil. This species is more resistant to leaf miner pest damage than many hybridized columbines. Plants are usually not palatable to deer. Be on the lookout for seedling volunteers because this columbine usually self-sows LANDSCAPE USES: Plants are perfect candidates for the Shade Garden or Wildlife Garden. Aquilegia canadensis is also used as an Accent, Butterfly Nectar Plant, Butterfly Host Plant, Groundcover, Grouping or Mass Planting. It provides Showy Blooms and is a valuable component of Cottage Gardens, Deer Resistant Plantings, Rock Gardens, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings, Perennial Borders and Meadows.

Height: 2 ft Spread: 1-2 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 3-8 Bloom Color: Red

Aquilegia canadensis Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Hummingbirds

Attributes

• Naturalizing

• Cut Flower

Exposure

• Full Sun to Full Shade

Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• May

• April

Foliage Color

• Green

Salt Tolerance

• High

Season of Interest (Foliage)

• Summer

• Spring

Soil Moisture Preference

• Moist

Asclepias incarnata Swamp Milkweed Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: This elegant plant is upright with slender willow like leaves. In summer plants are topped by rounded pink or rose-colored flower clusters which attract flocks of butterflies. Plants thrive in sunny sites with moist or saturated soils. HABITAT & HARDINESS: According to the USDA, Asclepias incarnata occurs in Eastern Canada and in every state in the United States except Arizona, Mississippi and states with a Pacific coastline. Indigenous plants are found in sunny wet areas like floodplains, river bottomland, swamps and wet meadows. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 3-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Asclepias incarnata is an erect clump forming perennial that grows from a taproot. Plants have narrow lance shaped leaves with pointed tips and smooth margins. Stems and leaves contain a milky sap that exudes when plants are damaged. Desirable yellow and black Monarch caterpillars feed on the foliage. Cinnamon scented summer umbels are composed of many tiny star shaped florets. The intricate florets look like freshly extruded pink cake decorations. Monarch, red admiral, American lady, painted lady, swallowtail, fritillary, and hairstreak butterflies along with bumblebees, honeybees, hummingbird moths and hummingbirds seek the floral nectar. After flowering 4” seed pods split and release brown seed with silken parachutes that drift away on the wind. Plants grow 3-5’ tall with 2-3’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Asclepias incarnata is a sun loving plant for moist or saturated soils. It is almost impossible to grow Asclepias spp. without a throng of oleander aphids in residence. These tiny orange plant lice suck the plant’s sugary sap and exude sticky honeydew that is the perfect cultural medium for black sooty mold. All phases and consequences of the oleander aphid life cycle are alarming to gardeners. The actual damage to the plant, however, is minimal and the first line of defense should be to do nothing. If aphid damage is severely stunting growth, plants can be carefully hosed or sprayed with non-toxic soaps to remove the offenders. Plants are not palatable to deer, rabbits and other herbivores. LANDSCAPE USES: Asclepias incarnata is a wise choice for a Wildlife Garden or a Wet Meadow. Plants are also used as an Accent, Butterfly Nectar Plant, Butterfly Host Plant or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. This Milkweed provides Fragrance and Showy Blooms and is often an element of Cottage Gardens, Deer Resistant Plantings, Low Maintenance Plantings, Perennial Borders, Wetlands and Wildlife Gardens. Asclepias spp. recently belonged to their own Milkweed Family (Asclepiadaceae). They are now classified in a subfamily of the Dogbane Family (Apocynaceae).

Height: 4-5 ft Spread: 2-3 ft Spacing: 3-4 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 3-8 Bloom Color: Pink, Rose

Asclepias incarnata Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Songbirds

• Pollinators

Attributes

• Naturalizing

• Fragrant

• Clay Soil

Exposure

• Full Sun to Partial Shade

Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• June

• July

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Fast

Salt Tolerance

• Medium


• Wet to Moist

Asclepias syriaca Common Milkweed Native to North America FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Common Milkweed is the plant most people think of when they hear the word “milkweed.” Asclepias syriaca thrives in almost any well-drained soil and produces a profusion of lavender to pink flowers in midsummer. The sweet-scented flowers attract and benefit a plethora of pollinators. Monarch butterflies lay their eggs on all plants in the Asclepias genus and their caterpillars feast on the leaves, stocking up for the day when they will become butterflies. This native classic is best known as a food of larval monarch butterflies (along with its cousins A. incarnata and A. tuberosa). Robust, yet beautiful with deep pink clusters of fragrant flowers in June and July followed by lovely pods of silky seeds in October. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Native to eastern Canada and all states east of the Rockies except for Florida. The range extends from Nova Scotia south and west to Texas. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Asclepias syriaca typically grows 3-4' (less frequently to 6') tall on stout, upright stems with thick, broad-oblong, reddish-veined, light green leaves (to 8" long). Domed, slightly drooping clusters (umbels) of fragrant, pinkish -purple flowers appear mostly in the upper leaf axils over a long bloom period from late spring well into summer. Stems and leaves exude a milky sap when cut or bruised. Flowers give way to prominent, warty seed pods (2-4" long) which split open when ripe releasing their numerous silky-tailed seeds for dispersal by the wind. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: This milkweed is easily grown in average, dry to medium, well-drained soils in full sun. Drought tolerant. Does well in poor, dry soils. Easily grown from seed and will self-seed in the landscape if seed pods are not removed prior to splitting open. Can spread somewhat rapidly by rhizomes. Often forms extensive colonies in the wild. Plants are not palatable to deer, rabbits and other herbivores.

LANDSCAPE USES: Asclepias syriaca is used in Butterfly gardens, meadows, prairies, or naturalized/native

plant areas. This plant is considered by many gardeners to be too vigorous and weedy for borders.

Height: 2-4 ft Spread: 1 ft Spacing: 1 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-9 Bloom Color: Pink

Asclepias syriaca Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Songbirds

• Pollinators

Attributes

• Naturalizing

• Fragrant

• Drought Tolerant

Exposure

• Full Sun

Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• June

• July

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Fast

Salt Tolerance

• Medium


• Average to Well-drained

Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Weed Native to North America FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Asclepias tuberosa is an upright perennial with oblong leaves. In summer large clusters of bright orange flowers grace the plant. Flowers attract a bevy of nectar seeking butterflies. Plants are best adapted to sunny sites with well drained or dry soil. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Asclepias tuberosa occurs in prairies, open woods or on roadsides in eastern and central North America. Range extends from Canada to Florida and west to Arizona often on deep sandy soils. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 3-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Asclepias tuberosa is a bushy warm season perennial with many branched pubescent stems emerging from a sturdy tap root. Unlike other milkweeds, this one does not contain milky latex sap. The leaves are bright green and lance shaped. Summer flowers are arranged in flat topped clusters and are composed of many small star shaped florets in shades of orange and scarlet. This milkweed is a repeat bloomer that attracts butterflies, moths, bees and hummingbirds. Young gray-green seed pods are covered in short silky hairs. The pods split when ripe and release brown seed with silken parachutes that drift away on the wind. Plants grow 3’ tall with 3’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Asclepias tuberosa is an easily cultivated sun loving plant for well drained or dry soils. Mistakes made in cultivation can usually be attributed to pampering the plant. Successful culture requires that the gardener duplicate the harshness of the natural ecosystems where this milkweed occurs. Established plants are very drought tolerant but are difficult to transplant due to the taproot. They also tolerate harsh winds and controlled burns. Recently planted plugs may need mulch to protect them from frost heaving. Asclepias tuberosa emerges from dormancy later than many so planting locations should be marked to avoid disturbance. Asclepias tuberosa is not palatable to deer and other herbivores but all sorts of insects love it. In fact, it is almost impossible to grow milkweed without a throng of oleander aphids in residence. These tiny orange plant lice suck the plant’s sap and exude sticky honeydew that is the perfect cultural medium for black sooty mold. If this is an issue, conventional pesticides should be avoided because they often kill the highly desirable Monarch Butterfly caterpillar. LANDSCAPE USES: This is a great choice for a Wildlife Garden, Dry Meadow or Prairie. Plants are also used as an Accent, Butterfly Nectar Plant, Butterfly Host Plant or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. Asclepias tuberosa provides Showy Blooms and can be used in Cottage Gardens, Deer Resistant Plantings, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings, Perennial Borders, Roadsides and Restoration Projects.

Height: 1-3 ft Spread: 1-2 ft Spacing: 18-24 in USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-10 Bloom Color: Orange

Asclepias tuberosa Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

Attributes

• Naturalizing

• Favorite


Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• July

• June

Foliage Color

• Green

Juglans nigra Tolerance (Black Walnut)

• Yes

Salt Tolerance

• Medium


• Dry

Aster cordifolius Blue Wood Aster Native to North America FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Aster cordifolius is an upright perennial. Heart shaped leaves occur at ground level and form a nice groundcover in spring. In early to mid-fall small daisy-like asters cover the plant. Flowers are blue with yellow centers and are attractive to bees, skippers and butterflies. Plants are tough and adaptable prospering in sun or shade and in difficult disturbed sites. HABITAT & HARDINESS: The range of Aster cordifolius extends from Canada south to the Florida Panhandle and west to Oklahoma. Indigenous plants occur in open woods, clearings, along creek banks and deciduous woodland edges. This aster is also found in disturbed urban sites, thickets, roadsides and ditches. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 3-8. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Aster cordifolius is an erect warm season perennial that branches occasionally in the plant’s upper half. Individuals form small colonies from underground rhizomes and tend to self-seed as well. Lower leaves are up to 5” long and heart shaped with coarse teeth. Upper leaves are smaller with an ovate shape. Branched flower panicles appear in late summer and bloom continues until mid-fall. The individual flower heads are composed of a ring of blueish petal-like ray flowers surrounding a central cluster of yellow disc flowers. The heads are produced in profusion but are only ½” in diameter. Plants grow 2-3’ tall with 2-3’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: The great advantage that Aster cordifolius offers is the ability to grow and flower in sun or shade. Flowering and form are best with 3 hours or so of sun. In dense shade stems may arch or bend so that pruning may be needed . Plants tolerate average, dry or moist soil. They self-seed to the point that some describe the plant as “weedy”. This should not be an issue in a natural setting but in smaller more manicured gardens, spent flowers can be removed to prevent seed formation. Aster cordifolius is drought tolerant and somewhat unpalatable to deer and rabbits. LANDSCAPE USES: This is a good choice for a Wildlife Garden or Shade Garden. Plants are also used as Butterfly Nectar Plants, Butterfly Host Plants or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. Aster cordifolius has Showy Blooms and can be used in Cottage Gardens, Deer Resistant Plantings, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings, Dry Meadows, Perennial Borders, Roadsides and Restoration Projects.

Height: 2-3 Feet Spread: 2-3 ft Spacing: 2-3 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 3-8 Bloom Color: Blue Aster cordifolius Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Pollinators Attributes

• Naturalizing

• East-Coast Native


• Cut Flower

• Clay Soil Exposure

• Full Shade to Partial Shade Flowering Months

• November

• October

• September Foliage Color

• Green Juglans nigra Tolerance (Black Walnut)

• Yes Salt Tolerance

• Medium Season of Interest (Foliage)

• Spring

• Summer Soil Moisture Preference

• Moist to Dry

Aster novae-angliae 'Purple Dome' New England Aster Native to North America (selection)

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Aster novae-angliae ‘Purple Dome’ is a compact mounding selection of our native New England aster. During spring and summer, plants are clothed in healthy pubescent gray-green leaves. In fall foliage disappears beneath a starry mantle of royal purple daisies. Plants are tough and adaptable to moist sunny sites in a variety of garden situations. This cultivar is known for its compact habit, disease resistance and eye-popping flower display HABITAT & HARDINESS: Aster novae-angliae occurs in almost every state or province of North America. Habitats include moist prairies, Black Belt prairies, moist meadows, open woodlands, creek or river banks, chalk or clay embankments, roadsides and other disturbed areas. Aster novae-angliae ‘Purple Dome’ was selected by Dr. Richard Lighty, retired Director of Delaware’s Mt. Cuba Center. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 3-8. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Aster novae-angliae ‘Purple Dome’ is densely branched spreading perennial. Plants form low mounding colonies from underground rhizomes. Leaves are lance shaped, pubescent and a soothing gray-green color . This cultivar produces larger flower heads in greater numbers than its parent. Each head consists of a ring of 40 or more deep purple ray flowers that surround a central cluster of golden disc florets. The flowers provide a valuable late season nectar source for migrating Monarch butterflies. Blooms are also visited by other butterflies, skippers and bees. Plants grow 2’ tall with 2’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Culture is easy in sunny sites with clay, moist well drained soil, or alkaline soil. This is a disease resistant cultivar. To maintain this status, divide plants every 3 years in early spring. To prevent powdery mildew disease, give plants good growing conditions and space for air circulation. Locate this aster in plenty of sun, irrigate during drought and limit overcrowding by using appropriate spacing for companion plants. Plants are fairly unpalatable to browsing deer and rabbits though some nibbling may occur when tender growth is present. LANDSCAPE USES: Aster novae-angliae ‘Purple Dome’ is a particularly showy aster that can be used in gardens as a sustainable substitute for fall chrysanthemums. This is also a good choice for a Wildlife Garden, Edging or Groundcover. Plants are useful as Butterfly Nectar Plants or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. Aster novae-angliae ‘Purple Dome’ has Showy Blooms and can be used in Cottage Gardens, Deer Resistant Plantings, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings or Perennial Borders. angliae ‘Purple Dome. Plants host caterpillars of several different moths.

Height: 2 ft Spread: 2-3 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 3-8 Bloom Color: Violet

Aster novae-angliae 'Purple Dome' Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

Attributes

• Cut Flower

Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• October

• September

• August

Foliage Color

• Green


• Yes

Salt Tolerance

• Medium


• Moist

Campsis radicans Trumpet Creeper Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Campsis radicans is a robust native vine with a striking tropical appearance. Plants have bright green compound leaves and aerial roots that allow the stems to attach and climb. In summer, vines are clothed with red to orange trumpet-shaped flowers. This adaptable hummingbird magnet thrives in sun or shade and in almost any soil. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Campsis radicans ranges from Ontario through most of the eastern and central United States. This vigorous vine is at home in open woods, savannas, thickets, riverbanks, disturbed fence rows, roadsides or neglected fields. Plants are very tolerant of disturbance and are often found in urban situations growing from sidewalk cracks and scrambling up telephone poles or clambering up trees in lawns or other mown areas. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 5-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Campsis radicans is a fast-growing woody vine. Plants attach to any available woody plant or structure and quickly clamber to the top. If support structures or plants are not available, the vine will sprawl on the ground until a vertical element is encountered. Stems are green turning tan and are covered with hair-like aerial roots. Old stems become woody and several inches in diameter. Plants produce an abundance of runners which can pop out of the ground 20 or 30 feet away from the parent plant . Leaves are deciduous, opposite and pinnately compound. Each leaf consists of 7-11 ovate or elliptical coarsely toothed leaflets. The leaflets are about 3” long and are glossy, bright green and unpalatable to mammalian herbivores. Flowering begins in summer and continues for about two months. The red to orange blooms are borne in clustered cymes and frequented by hummingbirds. Individual flowers are about 3” long and are funnelform with shallow lobes. Plants grow 30-40’ tall if suitable vertical support is available. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Campsis radicans blooms best in sun but will tolerate shaded exposure and almost any soil. In natural areas this is a resilient vine that is closely associated with the ruby throated hummingbird. In confined garden spaces plants need sturdy support and a plan of action to curb the rampant growth. Plants seed aggressively and produce many runners. Gardeners should plan carefully and possibly plant this vine on a tall structure surrounded by concrete or by regularly mown turf. LANDSCAPE USES: This is a good choice for a Naturalized Area or Wildlife Garden. Campsis radicans has Showy Blooms and can be used in Deer Resistant Plantings, Roadsides or Restoration Projects. This vine is sometimes known as Cow Itch because some animals and people experience an allergic reaction after contact. The flowers are among the best nectar sources for ruby throated hummingbirds. The vine has garnered a bad reputation unfortunately because of people who unwisely plant it in confined spaces.

Height: 30-40 ft Spread: 5-10 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 5-9 Bloom Color: Orange, Red

Campsis radicans Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Pollinators

• Hummingbirds

• Butterflies

Attributes


• Climbing

• Clay Soil

• Naturalizing

• Long Blooming


Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• September

• August

• July

• June

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Fast

Salt Tolerance

• Low


• Summer

• Spring


• Moist/Well-Drained

Chrysogonum virginianum 'Allen Bush' Green and Gold or Golden star Native to North America (selection)

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Chrysogonum virginianum ‘Allen Bush’ is a low growing native perennial with starry golden daisy-like flowers. Blooms are borne in great numbers in late spring and sporadically after. Plants thrive in moist well drained soils in part sun or part shade. This is a great native groundcover with semi-evergreen foliage and a long blooming period. This cultivar is more compact and more floriferous than the species. HABITAT & HARDINESS: The parent plant, Chrysogonum virginianum, is native to the eastern United States from New York to Florida and Louisiana. The species is indigenous to mesic to dry woodlands and open rocky woodlands. Plants are more likely to be found in forest edges and clearings with bright filtered light rather than in densely shaded interiors. This cultivar was introduced by Virginia Nurseryman, Andre Viette, and named in honor of Allen Bush of Jelitto Seed Company. Plants are hardy in USDA Zones 5-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Chrysogonum virginianum ‘Allen Bush’ is a mat forming perennial wildflower. Plants are low growing and clump forming. This cultivar is a dwarf form with leafy stolons. Foliage is semi-evergreen unless winter temperatures are extreme. Leaves are oblong or ovate and 1-3” long. Blades are pubescent with blunt teeth and long stalks. In late spring plants bear clusters of cheerful yellow daisies. The flowers are star shaped with notched rays and a dense golden disc. They are produced in the leaf axils and held above the low foliage. Flowers of this cultivar are a tad smaller than the species but are produced in greater numbers over a longer time period. Plants grow from 3-4” tall and up to 6” in bloom with a 12” spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Chrysogonum virginianum ‘Allen Bush’ is easy to grow as long as plants have part sun, light shade and rich well drained soil. Plants tolerate drought and are resistant to pests. They may suffer from fungus diseases, however, if soil is poorly drained or mulch is too thick. This groundcover may need occasional irrigation during drought if located in exposures with afternoon sun. Plants will tolerate clay soils if they are amended with organic matter to improve drainage. Flowers provide nectar to pollinators, but plants are unpalatable to deer and other herbivores. LANDSCAPE USES: Chrysogonum virginianum ‘Allen Bush’ is used most often as a Groundcover or Accent for Shade Gardens. In residential sites, small Groups of plants can be used as a Border for shaded paths. Plants provide Showy Blooms and Winter Interest. They are valuable components of Deer Resistant Plantings, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings, Perennial Borders, Rock Gardens and Wildlife Gardens.

Height: 6 in Spread: 1 ft Spacing: 18 in USDA Hardiness Zone: 5-9 Bloom Color: Yellow

Chrysogonum virginianum 'Allen Bush' Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Pollinators

Attributes

• Ground Cover



• Clay Soil

• Reblooming

• Long Blooming

Exposure

• Partial Shade to Full Shade

Flowering Months

• June

• May

• April

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Medium


• Fall

• Summer

• Spring

• Winter


• Well-Drained

• Moist

Clematis virginiana Virgin's Bower Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Clematis virginiana is an attractive native twining vine. Plants have compound leaves with sharply toothed leaflets. In late summer, frothy masses of fragrant white flowers materialize followed by plumed silky seed clusters. This vigorous vine thrives in moist soils in full sun to part shade. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Clematis virginiana ranges through most of eastern and central North America. Plants occur from Manitoba to Quebec and Nova Scotia and through most of the eastern and central United States. This vine is indigenous to moist meadows, floodplains, riverbanks, open woods, thickets, ditches, fence rows, roadsides and railroad right of ways. Plants flourish in natural areas or disturbed sites. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 3-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Clematis virginiana is a fast-growing vine that is supported when stems or petioles twine around vertical supports or nearby plants. If no support is available plants will sprawl on the ground. Leaves are deciduous in the northern part of the range and semi-evergreen further south. Foliage is opposite and trifoliate. The leaflet margins are cleft or dentate. In summer the dioecious plants bear either staminate or pistillate flower clusters. Individual blooms are about an inch across with 4 creamy white sepals and no petals. The staminate flowers are reported to be showier than the pistillate blooms. Flowers mature into masses of silvery plumed seed. The seed clusters consist of several one seeded achenes with slender feathery styles. Plants grow 20’ tall if suitable vertical support is available. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Clematis virginiana thrives in sun or part shade in rich moist soil or average soil. In garden situations this vigorous vine may require a sturdy trellis. As an alternative, some gardeners allow the plant to scramble over large established shrubs. Since plants bloom on current season’s stems, excessive growth may be pruned severely during winter without sacrificing the flowers. Plants can spread aggressively from seed and suckers and careful consideration should be taken before planting this vine in confined spaces. Leaves contain toxins and are unpalatable to deer and other herbivores. LANDSCAPE USES: This is a good choice for a Naturalized Area or Wildlife Garden. Clematis virginiana has Fragrance and Showy Blooms and can be used as a Butterfly Nectar Plant, in Deer Resistant Plantings, on Roadsides or Restoration Projects.

Height: 20 ft Spread: 3-6 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 3-9 Bloom Color: White

Clematis virginiana Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Pollinators

• Butterflies

Attributes

• Naturalizing

• Fragrant

Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• August

• July

• September

Foliage Color

• Green


• Yes


• Moist

Echinacea purpurea 'Magnus' Purple Coneflower Native to North America (selection)

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Echinacea purpurea ‘Magnus’ is a sturdy perennial with bold flowers. This popular cultivar thrives in most sunny sites due to its strong stems and deep roots. Striking summer flowers have prominent deep orange cones with large horizontal (rather than drooping) reddish-pink rays. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Echinacea purpurea occurs in the eastern United States from New York and Pennsylvania west to Wisconsin and Iowa. The range extends south to the Florida panhandle, Louisiana and Oklahoma. The parent species is indigenous to open woodland edges and clearings, savannas, moist to mesic blackland prairies, meadows, limestone glades and roadsides. This cultivar originated in the nursery of Magus B. Nilsson near Paarp, Sweden and was introduced by Jelitto Seeds. Nilssson worked for more than a decade making crosses and selections of Echinacea purpurea. The plant later named ‘Magnus’ was picked for its bold colors, large flowers and wide horizontal (rather than drooping) ray florets. Nilsson supposedly disliked the drooping rays of the species which reminded him of a “shuttlecock”. So… the focus of his selection process was to rogue those with drooping rays. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Echinacea purpurea ‘Magnus’ is an upright perennial with strong stems that branch from the base. Plants have fibrous roots and form small colonies from short thick rhizomes. Stems are sturdy and pubescent with leathery oval or lance shaped leaves. The blades are deep green with scattered teeth and a short- winged petiole. Flower heads are exceptionally large averaging 3-4” wide. The ray florets are wide and more horizontal than the species. The rays surround a robust spiny cone that is a deep orange or almost bronze color. Flowering occurs over a long period of time - from early summer until autumn. Prickly clusters of dark achenes form from the disc florets and remain into early winter. Plants grow 2-3’ tall with 2’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: The ideal site for Echinacea purpurea ‘Magnus’ has full sun and fertile well drained soil. Plants tolerate part sun but may be less floriferous. This vigorous cultivar endures hot, dry sites and intense cold. Plants are pest resistant and unpalatable to deer and other herbivores. Deadheading can extend the season of bloom but will remove the desirable seed that are savored by goldfinches. LANDSCAPE USES: This is a good choice for a Wildlife Garden, Cut Flower Garden, Prairie or Meadow. Plants are also used as Accents or Butterfly Nectar Plants, Butterfly Host Plants or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. Echinacea purpurea ‘Magnus’ has Showy Blooms and is appropriate for Cottage Gardens, Deer Resistant Plantings, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings and Perennial Borders.

Height: 2-3 ft Spread: 2 ft Spacing: 2-3 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-9 Bloom Color: Violet Red

Echinacea purpurea 'Magnus' Characteristics

Attributes

• Rain Garden

• Rock Garden

• Long Blooming

• Interesting Foliage


• Cut Flower

Exposure

• Full Sun

Flowering Months

• July

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Medium


• Yes

Salt Tolerance

• Medium


• Summer

• Spring


• Moist to Dry

Eupatorium dubium Three-nerved Joe Pye Weed Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Eupatorium dubium is a compact version of the much-loved tall lanky Joe Pye Weed. Leaves are bright green and whorled around sturdy purple stems. The toothed foliage and robust stems are attractive even when plants are not in bloom. In mid-summer, plants are topped with a frothy crown of mauve-pink flower clusters. This species thrives in sunny moist sites where it is frequented by fluttering butterflies. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Eupatorium dubium occurs in the eastern United States within 100 miles of the Atlantic Ocean. The range extends from Maine through coastal New England and the Coastal Plain to South Carolina. This species is indigenous to marshes, shores, swamps, bogs, wet meadows, damp thickets, open woodlands, roadsides, swales and ditches. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-8. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Eupatorium dubium is an upright perennial with multiple unbranched stems. The stems are sturdy and solid inside and are usually speckled with purple. Large lance shaped leaves are arranged in whorls of 3 or 4 along the stems. The blades are toothed with resinous dots beneath. Two veins are prominent – running parallel to the leaf margin on either side of the mid-rib. From mid-summer until autumn, plants bear terminal dome shaped flower corymbs that range from 3-10” across. These flower clusters consist of many small feathery lavender-pink disk florets. The blossoms mature into soft buff colored seed clusters. Plants are 2-5’ tall with 2’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: This wildflower grows best in full sun with well drained moist soil, clay or wet soil. If moisture is absent, leaves are likely to scorch. This species is more shade tolerant than many other Eupatorium spp. Plants tolerate part sun or part shade. Eupatorium dubium is pest resistant and foliage is unpalatable to deer and other herbivores. Deadheading will not stimulate re-bloom, so flowers should be allowed to set seed. The seed clusters are attractive and will feed the birds and provide nesting material. LANDSCAPE USES: Eupatorium dubium is a good Accent Plant for a Wildlife Garden or moist Meadow. Plants are also used as Butterfly Nectar Plants, Cut Flowers or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. This wildflower has Showy Blooms and provides Erosion Control. It can be used in Cottage Gardens, Deer Resistant Plantings, Rain Gardens, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings, Perennial Borders, Shade Gardens, Wetlands and on Roadsides.

Height: 2-5 ft Spread: 2 ft Spacing: 3-4 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-8 Bloom Color: Pink

Eupatorium dubium Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Songbirds

• Pollinators

Attributes


• Cut Flower

• Clay Soil

• Naturalizing

• Bog

• Long Blooming

• Rain Garden

• Fragrant


Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• September

• August

• July

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Fast


• Yes


• Spring

• Summer


• Moist to Wet

Eupatorium perfoliatum Boneset Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Eupatorium perfoliatum is a native rhizomatous perennial with multiple upright stems. The bold leaves are arranged in pairs on the stem. Each pair is perfoliate with bases that merge together and surround the stem. In late summer large terminal flower clusters emerge. The fragrant white blooms attract butterflies and other pollinators. This species thrives in sun to part shade and in moist or wet soils. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Eupatorium perfoliatum occurs in eastern North America from Nova Scotia to Manitoba and south to Florida and Texas. Plants are indigenous to stream and river banks, alluvial woods, edges of swamps, marshes, bogs, seeps, openings in bottomland forests, wet areas in Blackland prairies and roadside ditches. This species is generally found in wetlands. This species is hardy from USDA Zones 4-8. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Eupatorium perfoliatum is an upright sturdy perennial that forms clumps of unbranched stems. The stems are covered with long white hairs and large bright green leaves. The leaves are lance shaped, toothed and up to 8” long. They are opposite with bases that are fused together. They wrap around the stem so that the stem appears to pass through the leaves. The stems terminate in loose flat-topped corymbs from 3-8” across. Each corymb is composed of many fragrant white disc florets. Blooming begins in late summer and lasts for 1-2 months. Clusters of tufted achenes form after flowering. Some plants are noticeably rhizomatous – forming small colonies. Plants are 3-5’ tall with a 2’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Eupatorium perfoliatum prefers full to part sun but will tolerate shadier conditions. Plants are not particular about soil type. They will thrive in sandy, clay or organic soils as long as moisture is constantly present. This species can even tolerate flooded soils for short times Plants can be rather tall and lanky, but they can be cut back in early spring to promote bushier growth Plants are pest resistant and foliage is unpalatable to deer and other herbivores. LANDSCAPE USES: Eupatorium perfoliatum is a dramatic Accent for a Wildlife Garden or moist Meadow. Plants are also used as Butterfly Nectar Plants or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. This wildflower offers Showy Blooms and provides Erosion Control. It is useful in Stormwater Retention Basins and Rain Gardens. It can be used in Cottage Gardens, Deer Resistant Plantings, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings, Perennial Borders or Shade Gardens.

Height: 3-5 ft Spread: 3-4 ft Spacing: 6-8 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-8 Bloom Color: White

Eupatorium perfoliatum Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Pollinators

Attributes

• Dried Flower

• Cut Flower

• Coastal

• Clay Soil

• Naturalizing

• Bog

• Long Blooming


Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• September

• August

• July

Foliage Color

• Green


• Yes

Salt Tolerance

• Medium


• Wet to Moist

Heliopsis helianthoides Ox-eye Sunflower or False sunflower Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Heliopsis helianthoides is an upright clumping perennial wildflower. The toothed leaves are opposite and oval, or lance shaped. In summer, plants are adorned with terminal clusters of clear yellow 2-3” daisies. The flowers look like those of Helianthus spp., but they are held on stems above the foliage like those of Rudbeckia.spp. Plants thrive and form colonies in sunny or partly sunny sites with average or dry soil. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Heliopsis helianthoides occurs in the southern Canadian provinces as far west as Saskatchewan. Plants are also widely distributed in the eastern United States as far west as North Dakota and New Mexico. Habitats include open woods, woodland borders and clearings, thickets, grassy meadows, savannas, limestone glades, tallgrass prairies, blackland prairies, stream banks and disturbed roadsides or railroad rights of way. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Heliopsis helianthoides is an erect or bushy perennial with sturdy glabrous or slightly pubescent stems. The stems are clothed in pairs of opposite coarsely serrate leaves. The blades are sharply pointed and 2-5” long. They have slender petioles and a lanceolate or ovate shape. Stems terminate in numerous 2-3” daisy-like heads that are displayed on slender stalks. The heads consist of 8-20 golden yellow ray florets surrounding a darker cone shaped cluster of disc flowers. The rays are oblong and slightly notched at the tip. Blooming occurs through most of the summer and into early autumn. Clusters of dark colored achenes appear when flowering has finished. The achenes differ from those of their composite cousins in that they have no tufts of hair or significant scales. Plants grow 3-5’ tall with 1-3’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Heliopsis helianthoides is easily cultivated in sunny sites with well drained soils. Plants prosper in light shade and are often found growing at woodland’s edge. This species tolerates some drought but thrives in heavy moist soils. Plants adapt to clays, shallow rocky soils and infertile soils. In garden situations, spent blooms can be removed to extend the flowering season. Heliopsis helianthoides is not noticeably rhizomatous but will self-sow. Seedling volunteers may be useful since plants are sometimes described as “short lived” perennials. This species is pest resistant and unpalatable to deer and other herbivores. LANDSCAPE USES: Heliopsis helianthoides is a useful Accent, Mass or Grouping for a Wildlife Garden or Meadow. Plants provide Showy Blooms and Erosion Control and are useful as Butterfly Nectar Plants or Cut Flowers. This species is appropriate for Cottage Gardens, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings, Perennial Borders, Roadsides and Shade Gardens.

Height: 4-5 ft Spread: 2-4 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-9 Bloom Color: Yellow

Heliopsis helianthoides Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Songbirds

• Butterflies

Attributes


• Cut Flower

• Clay Soil

Exposure


Flowering Months

• June

• August

• July

Foliage Color

• Green


• Moist

Heuchera americana 'Dales Strain' Dales Alum Root Native to North America FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Heuchera americana 'Dales Strain' is a colorful selection of the native alum root. Leaves are lobed and almost round and are highlighted with silvery blue and red marbling. In late spring, tiny white flowers are held above the foliage in loose panicles. Foliage transitions to a bright orange hue in fall and winter. Plants thrive in moist rich woods in shade to part sun. This heat tolerant cultivar will also handle difficult dry shaded sites. HABITAT & HARDINESS: In the wild, this species is native from Ontario south to Georgia and west from Nebraska to Louisiana. Heuchera americana is indigenous to rocky open woods, crevices or ledges of basic rock outcrops and shaded calcareous woods. This cultivar was selected by Dale Hendricks of North Creek Nurseries. This is a seed propagated variety that was discovered in the mountains of North Carolina. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-7. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Heuchera americana 'Dales Strain' produces fibrous roots and a perfectly mounded evergreen rosette of attractive variegated foliage. The leaves emerge in a dense spiral from a short central crown or caudex. Leaf blades have a rounded form and 5-9 shallow toothed lobes. Young leaves are chartreuse. They soon develop a soothing olive-green patina with silvery-blue marbling and a network of rosy red veins. In late spring or early summer, airy flower panicles are displayed on leafless stalks above the foliage. The bell-shaped florets are white and about 1/8” long. They are reported to attract hummingbirds and diminutive native bees. After flowering small capsules full of tiny lustrous seed form. As the season ends, foliage turns golden orange for the fall and winter. The mounding foliage is usually 18” tall with an equal spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Ideally Heuchera americana 'Dales Strain' should be planted in part shade or filtered sun in moist well drained humus rich soil. Plants endure difficult dry shaded sites, heat and humidity. In northern regions this cultivar will tolerate full sun. The caudex can heave from the ground during cold winters. In northern zones the addition of winter mulch helps prevent this problem. This vigorous cultivar should be divided every 3-4 years to rejuvenate the plant and remove declining growth. Old leaves should be trimmed in late winter to make room for a lovely new crop of foliage. This selection is pest resistant and unpalatable to deer and other herbivores. LANDSCAPE USES: Heuchera americana 'Dales Strain' is a lovely foliage plant that is best used as a Groundcover, Edging, Grouping or Mass Planting. This cultivar tolerates heat and drought and will thrive in dry Shade Gardens under hardwood trees. Use this wildflower as an Accent, to inject Winter Interest or as a Container Plant for Cottage Gardens, Deer Resistant Plantings, Rock Gardens, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings, Perennial Borders and Wildlife Gardens.

Height: 1-2 ft Spread: 18 in USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-7 Bloom Color: White

Heuchera americana 'Dales Strain' Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Pollinators

Attributes


• Evergreen


• Cut Flower

• Container

• Naturalizing

• Ground Cover

Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• June

• May

Foliage Color

• Multi-Color

Growth Rate

• Medium


• Yes


• Fall

• Summer

• Spring

• Winter


• Moist

Liatris spicata Blazing Star Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Liatris spicata is a handsome gayfeather with a tall unbranched habit. The stems are covered in attractive long narrow leaves. In summer foliage is topped by rosy-purple spiky flowers and surrounded by a bevy of butterflies. Plants prosper in sunny sites with moist soil. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Liatris spicata occurs in Ontario and Quebec, from Massachusetts to Florida and west to Wisconsin and Louisiana. Plants are indigenous to moist prairies, Blackland prairies, edges of bogs and marshes, calcareous seeps, moist alkaline sandflats and sunny moist rights-of-way. This species occasionally forms colonies in high quality moist sandy natural areas. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 3-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Liatris spicata is a robust perennial that produces an upright central stalk from a rounded woody underground corm. Foliage is long, narrow and either glabrous or peppered with sparse hairs. The largest basal leaves are almost 1/2” wide and 10” long. Blades become progressively smaller as the stalk rises. They are deep green with a distinct main vein and are arranged close together on the stem. Foliage is topped by spikey wand-like inflorescences composed of many orchid colored florets. The florets are crowded into 1/2” button-like heads. Each head contains 4-10-disc florets with curly exerted styles. Blooming begins at the top of the flower stalk and progresses downward. The floral display commences in mid-summer and lasts for 3-4 weeks. Flower heads mature into soft tufts of fluffy golden-brown achenes. Plants are up to 6’ tall but commonly reach 3-4’ with a 1-2’ spread. Height is quite variable depending on soil moisture and fertility. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Liatris spicata flourishes in sunny sites with moist humus rich sandy loams. Plants tolerate heavier loams, clay, gravelly or calcareous soils. They also prosper in heat, humidity and drought. During extended hot dry weather lower leaves may wither. In garden soils organic matter can be added to help retain moisture. Rabbits, deer and livestock nibble the foliage and stems. The corms are a favored food of meadow voles or prairie voles. A large population of these rodents can decimate a stand of this lovely wildflower. LANDSCAPE USES: This species adapts easily to sunny gardens with average soil. Plants are used most often to inject a strong vertical Accent or as Groupings or Mass plantings for Wildlife Gardens or Perennial Borders. Liatris spicata has Showy Blooms that serve as long lasting Cut Flowers. Plants are appropriate for Butterfly Gardens, Cottage Gardens, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings, moist Prairies or Meadows, margins of Water Gardens, Rain Gardens and Roadsides.

Height: 3-6 ft Spread: 2 ft Spacing: 2-3 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 3-9 Bloom Color: Purple, Purple Red

Liatris spicata Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Songbirds

• Pollinators

• Butterflies

Attributes

• Dried Flower

• Cut Flower

• Clay Soil


Exposure

• Full Sun

Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• August

• July

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Medium

Salt Tolerance

• Medium


• Summer

• Spring


• Moist to Wet

Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower Native to North America FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Lobelia cardinalis is a clump forming perennial wildflower with toothed lance shaped leaves. In late summer stems are topped by spiky racemes of vibrant scarlet florets. The blooms are irresistible to hummingbirds and butterflies. Plants prosper in filtered shade with moist soils or in wetter sunny sites.

HABITAT & HARDINESS: Lobelia cardinalis occurs in New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec. The range extends through most of the United States.

Plants are indigenous to wet prairies, openings in bottomland forests, wet meadows, sandy or gravelly seeps, edges of ponds, creeks or ditches and borders of marshes, sloughs or swamps. This species can occur in sandy or non-sandy soils Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 3-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Lobelia cardinalis is a tap rooted clumping perennial that forms robust winter rosettes. In spring upright, unbranched stems rise from a crown that occurs at ground level. The stems are clothed in oblong to lance shaped toothed leaves. Blades are up to 6” long and about 1.5” wide. They are glabrous above and pubescent beneath. In late summer foliage is topped by spires of fiery red florets. The florets are tubular with a two lobed upper lip and a prominent three lobed lower lip.

The floral display lasts for 4-6 weeks ending in early autumn. Flowers are pollinated by ruby throated hummingbirds and are also visited by swallowtail and sulfur butterflies.

After flowering, small rounded capsules full of tiny seed form on the stalk. Plants are 2-4’ tall with a 1-2’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Lobelia cardinalis prospers in shaded to partly sunny exposures with moist humus rich soil. Plants tolerate sunny sites if sufficient moisture is present.

The species adapts to sandy loam and gravelly or clay soil but will not tolerate drought. In garden situations the soil should be amended with organic matter to retain moisture. After seed are produced, the flowering stem and its roots die. New offsets soon form and generate their own roots. The small offsets are vulnerable in fall and winter and care should be taken not to bury them under thick mulch layers. This species is considered to be a short-lived perennial but in an appropriate setting it will self-sow and replenish the population.

Foliage is generally unpalatable to deer and other herbivores but is chewed by snails and slugs.

LANDSCAPE USES: This species is often used as an Accent, Grouping or Mass planting in for a Rain Garden, Wildlife Garden or Perennial Border. Lobelia cardinalis has Showy Blooms and is appropriate for Cottage Gardens, Low Maintenance Plantings, moist Meadows, margins of Water Gardens, and soggy Roadsides.

Height: 2-5 ft Spread: 1-2 ft Spacing: 18-24 in USDA Hardiness Zone: 3-9 Bloom Color: Red

Lobelia cardinalis Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Hummingbirds

Attributes

• Naturalizing


• Cut Flower

• Bog

• Rain Garden

Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• August

• September

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Fast


• Yes


• Summer

• Spring


• Wet to Moist

Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Lobelia siphilitica is a clump forming perennial wildflower with toothed lance shaped leaves. In late summer stems are topped by spiky racemes of intense blue-violet florets. The blooms entice bees, hummingbirds and butterflies. Plants prosper in filtered shade with moist soils or in wetter sunny sites. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Lobelia siphilitica occurs in Manitoba and Ontario and south from Maine to Georgia and North Dakota to Texas. Plants are indigenous to wet prairies, moist Blackland prairies, openings in bottomland forests, soggy meadows, gravely seeps, edges of ponds, creeks or ditches and borders of marshes, sloughs, swamps or wet pastures. This species occurs in both disturbed and high-quality habitats. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-8. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Lobelia siphilitica is a tap rooted clumping perennial that forms robust winter rosettes. In spring unbranched stems rise from a crown that occurs at ground level. The stems are clothed in oblong to oval toothed leaves. Blades are up to 5” long and 2” wide. They are medium to dark green with scattered hairs. The leaves become smaller as the stalk rises. In late summer foliage is topped by spires of clear blue florets with tiny bracts interspersed. The florets are tubular with a two lobed upper lip and a prominent three lobed lower lip. The floral display lasts for 4-6 weeks ending in early autumn. After flowering, small rounded capsules full of tiny seed form on the stalk. Plants are 1-4’ tall with a 1-2’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Lobelia siphilitica prospers in shaded to partly sunny exposures with moist humus rich soil. Plants tolerate sunny sites if sufficient moisture is present. The species adapts to sandy loam and gravelly or clay soil and acid to neutral pH. Moisture is appreciated but this species is reported to be more drought tolerant than Lobelia cardinalis. After seed are produced, the flowering stem and roots die. New offsets soon form and generate roots. The small offsets are vulnerable in fall and winter, so care should be taken not to bury them under thick mulch. This species is considered to be a short-lived perennial but in an appropriate setting it will self-sow and replenish the population. Foliage is unpalatable to deer and other herbivores but is chewed by snails and slugs. LANDSCAPE USES: This species is often used as an Accent, Grouping or Mass planting in for a Rain Garden, Wildlife Garden or Perennial Border. Lobelia siphilitica has Showy Blooms and is appropriate for Cottage Gardens, Low Maintenance Plantings, moist Meadows, margins of Water Gardens, and soggy Roadsides.

Height: 1-4 ft Spread: 12-18 in Spacing: 18-24 in USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-8 Bloom Color: Blue, Violet

Lobelia siphilitica Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Hummingbirds

Attributes

• Reblooming

• Naturalizing

• Rain Garden

• Cut Flower

• Bog

Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• July

• September

• August

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Medium


• Yes


• Summer

• Spring


• Wet to Moist

Lonicera sempervirens Trumpet Honeysuckle Native to North America FIRST IMPRESSIONS: The sweetly scented tubular red

flowers of this native honeysuckle often attract hummingbirds

to the garden throughout the summer. Flowers are followed by

bright red fruit, attractive to birds. Unlike its Japanese cousin, it

is a well-behaved member of the border. A twining vine, it

needs a trellis or fence for support.

HABITAT & HARDINESS: Easily grown in average, medium moisture, well-drained soils in full sun. Will grow in some shade, but best flowering is in full sun. Best in humusy, organically rich soils with good drainage. This is a twining vine that needs a support structure upon which to grow unless allowed to sprawl as a ground cover. Prune as needed immediately after flowering. Although deciduous in the St. Louis area, it will retain some foliage (semi-evergreen) in warm winter climates. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-9.

PLANT DESCRIPTION: Trumpet honeysuckle is an attractive woody vining plant with showy clusters of 2” long, crimson tubular flowers. It is quite vigorous, growing from 10-20’ tall and is easily trained on a trellis, arbor or fence. The attractive bluish leaves are deciduous in the north but evergreen in warmer climates. The plant blooms heavily in late spring then sporadically until fall. It prefers well-drained, evenly-moist soil and produces flowers most profusely in full sun

Large, narrow, trumpet-shaped flowers are scarlet to orangish red on the outside and yellowish inside. Flowers appear in late spring at stem ends in whorled clusters. They are attractive to hummingbirds, butterflies and bees. Inedible red berries form in late summer to early fall and can be ornamentally attractive. The small red berries are attractive to birds.

CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Native Honeysuckle prefers average, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. More sun will give you more flowers. Tolerant of drought and dry soils once established, but either may reduce flower production and growth. Blooms on previous year's growth and new growth, so you can trim it back or leave it be. Prune to best suit your site. Lonicera sempervirens is a twining vine and needs small to medium width support to climb. Ideal on a trellis or open fence. Can climb a wood fence with help getting started.

LANDSCAPE USES

Excellent vine for trellises, arbors and fences. Also, can be effective as an unsupported sprawling ground cover Hummingbirds love the flowers, so try growing trumpet honeysuckle with plants that give a succession of bloom to attract these beautiful birds.

Height: 8-15 ft Spread: 3-6 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-9 Bloom Color: Red

Lonicera sempervirens Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Pollinators

• Hummingbirds

• Birds

Attributes

• Clay Soil

• Noninvasive

• Naturalizing

Exposure

• Full Sun

Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• May

• June

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Fast


• Yes


• Summer

• Spring


• Well-Drained

Monarda didyma 'Jacob Cline' Jacob Cline Bee Balm Native to North America (selection)

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Monarda didyma ‘Jacob Cline’ is a sturdy perennial wildflower that expands to form upright clumps. Plants bear deep green aromatic leaves on strong square stems. In summer, they are topped by large rounded clusters of red tubular flowers. Pollinators flock to the blooms in sunny or partially shaded settings with average or moist well drained soils.

HABITAT & HARDINESS: The parent species Monarda didyma occurs from Quebec, New Brunswick and Maine to north Georgia and west to Ontario, Minnesota and Missouri. This is mainly a Northeastern species with the greatest distribution in montane habitats from Maine to Pennsylvania and south into the Appalachians. This species is indigenous to wet meadows, moist open woods, woodland borders, and disturbed sites.

The cultivar ‘Jacob Cline’ is a tall vigorous mildew resistant selection with large flowers and a long bloom period. ‘Jacob Cline’ was discovered in Georgia. The variety was named for the son of Jean Cline, a Georgia plantsman and garden designer and introduced by Saul Nursery of Alpharetta, Georgia.

Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-8.

PLANT DESCRIPTION: Monarda didyma ‘Jacob Cline’ is an upright perennial that expands into colonies from vigorous rhizomes.

Stems are pubescent, green and square with occasional branching. The aromatic leaves are arranged opposite from each other on 1” petioles.

Leaf blades are deep green and ovate or heart shaped. They are 5” long and 2” wide with toothed edges and pointed tips.

The stems terminate in rounded 3-4” flower clusters with several red or purple tinted leaf-like bracts beneath. The flowers are tubular and over 1” long. Each corolla tube is actually a ring of united petals with a scarlet red color. The tubes are lightly pubescent with lobes toward the tip and exserted stamens.

The flowers are born in a ring on each dense head-like cyme. The lobes and stamens of individual flowers give the flower clusters a ragged appearance.

Blooming begins in summer and lasts for about 6 weeks followed by a crop of ovoid nutlets.

Plants grow 3-5’ tall with a 2-3’ spread.

CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Monarda didyma ‘Jacob Cline’ thrives in sun or part sun and moist acid humus rich soil. Plants tolerate clay, sand’ and wet soils.

Plants bloom more vigorously if they are divided in spring or fall every 3-4 years.

This cultivar is resistant to powdery mildew and the aromatic foliage is unpalatable to deer, rabbits, and other herbivores.

LANDSCAPE USES: This is a good choice for a Wildlife Garden, Cut Flower Garden, or Meadow. Plants are also used to attract Hummingbirds, as Butterfly Nectar Plants or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. Monarda didyma ‘Jacob Cline’ has Showy Blooms and is appropriate for Cottage Gardens, Deer Resistant Plantings, Low Maintenance Plantings and Perennial Borders.

Height: 3-5 ft Spread: 2-3 ft Spacing: 2 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-8 Bloom Color: Red

Monarda didyma 'Jacob Cline' Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Pollinators

• Hummingbirds

Attributes

• Fragrant

• Cut Flower

• Rain Garden

• Clay Soil

• Bog

• Naturalizing

• Long Blooming

Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• August

• July

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Medium


• Yes


• Summer


• Moist to Wet

Phlox paniculata 'Jeana' Jeana Garden Phlox Native to North America (selection)

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Phlox paniculata ‘Jeana’ is a lovely long blooming summer phlox cultivar. Deep green foliage is topped by conical lavender-pink flower clusters for a long period during summer and fall. Butterflies are drawn to the fragrant flowers in sunny or lightly shaded sites with average well drained soils. HABITAT & HARDINESS: The parent species Phlox paniculata occurs from Maine to Georgia and Minnesota to Louisiana. This species is indigenous to woodland clearings and borders, moist to mesic woods, lightly shaded river banks, meadows, moist roadsides and thickets. The cultivar ‘Jeana’ was the one selected by Jeana Prewitt reportedly from a large Phlox paniculata colony on the Harpeth River near Nashville, Tennessee. The variety was propagated and widely promoted by North Creek Nurseries. ‘Jeana’ is notable for mildew resistance, striking flower display, fragrance and pollinator appeal. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-8. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Phlox paniculata ‘Jeana’ is an upright clumping cultivar with smooth green stems. Leaves are opposite, narrowly elliptical and edged by fine hairs. The 4” blades are a deep healthy green. Stems terminate in attractive 6” long flower panicles. The florets are salverform with a long narrow corolla tube that expands into 5 spreading overlapping petal-like lobes. The fragrant florets are soft pinkish-lavender with a darker wine-colored eye. At ½” across they are smallish for this species. The showy panicles, however, contain at least twice as many florets as those of a typical Phlox paniculata. Blooming begins in mid-summer and usually extends into autumn. The flowering period is longer than normal because most of the seed are sterile. This cultivar is 2-4’ or more with a 2-3’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Phlox paniculata ‘Jeana’ flourishes in cool sunny sites with average, moist or dry soil. Plant tolerate heat and drought. In southern climates or extremely hot sites, they fare best in 6 hours or so of sun with shade during the hottest part of the day. ‘Jeana’ is very resistant to powdery mildew. The resistance is enhanced if plants are provided with good air circulation and overhead irrigation is avoided. LANDSCAPE USES: Garden phlox is a staple of the perennial border. Mixes well with other perennials and provides long summer bloom. Regardless of flower color, garden phlox is attractive to butterflies and hummingbirds and is a good selection for inclusion in a bird garden.

Phlox paniculata 'Jeana' garden phlox

Outstanding mildew resistance

Sweetly scented pink flowers

Long bloom period

Pollinator magnet

Height: 2-4 ft Spread: 2-3 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-8 Bloom Color: Pink

Phlox paniculata 'Jeana' Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Pollinators

• Hummingbirds

• Butterflies

Attributes

• Cut Flower

• Fragrant

Exposure

• Full Sun

Flowering Months

• September

• August

• July

Foliage Color

• Green


• Yes


• Moist

• Well-Drained

Polemonium reptans Jacobs Ladder Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Polemonium reptans is a lovely spring ephemeral wildflower that forms 12-18” tall clumps. Leaves are pinnately divided into a feather-like arrangement of 7-21 oblong leaflets. In spring the soft green foliage is crowned by loose branched clusters of bell-shaped pinkish or sky-blue flowers. Jacob’s Ladder is a fine groundcover for woodlands or shade gardens with moist well drained soil. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Polemonium reptans occurs in eastern Ontario and Quebec and through most of the Eastern United States west to Minnesota, Oklahoma and Mississippi. This species is indigenous to rich deciduous woodlands, stream and river banks, wooded slopes and bases of sandstone canyons. Plants are generally found in high quality woods shaded by deciduous trees. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-8. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Polemonium reptans is a sprawling rhizomatous perennial groundcover. Plants have a short vertical crown and many fibrous roots. The attractive leaves are alternately arranged on green or purplish stems. They appear to be compound but are pinnately divided into inch long oval or oblong segments. Each segment has a pointed tip and smooth edge. The entire leaf averages 8-9” length. The fertile stems terminate in loose open flower corymbs. The individual florets are bell shaped and about ½” across. Each floret has 5 rounded blue-violet or pinkish petals. Blooming occurs in late spring for 2-3 weeks. Small oval tan colored seed capsules follow. Plants grow 12-18” tall with an equal spread. Even though plants have short rhizomes, they spread mostly by reseeding. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Polemonium reptans flourishes in bright shade with moist rich loamy soil. Plants tolerate sandy soils, acid or alkaline pH and some sun if abundant moisture is present. This species has little drought tolerance and will often go dormant if insufficient moisture is present. Plants are fairly pest resistant and are not palatable to deer. ‘ If sited in an ideal site with partial shade and moist soil, this species will often produce an abundance of seedlings. LANDSCAPE USES: Polemonium reptans provides attractive foliage and Showy Blooms for the Woodland or Shade Garden. It is an appealing Groundcover, Grouping or Mass for a Wildlife Garden. This species is appropriate for Cottage Gardens, Pollinator Gardens, Low Maintenance Plantings, and Perennial Borders and is a useful Butterfly Nectar Plant.

Height: 12-18 in Spread: 12-18 in Spacing: 24 in USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-8 Bloom Color: Blue

Polemonium reptans Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Pollinators

Attributes

• Rain Garden

• Naturalizing

• Favorite


• Bog

Exposure

• Full Shade to Partial Shade

Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• May

Foliage Color

• Green


• Yes


• Summer

• Spring


• Moist to Wet

Polemonium reptans ‘Stairway to Heaven’ PP15187 Stairway to Heaven Jacobs Ladder Native to North America (selection) FIRST IMPRESSIONS: This excellent variegated selection of P. reptans was selected by Bill Cullina of The New England Wild Flower Society. A good plant for shade or a sunny edge (with adequate moisture). Imagine, a variegated Polemonium that lives! This native groundcover is very popular, and its royalties benefit the Garden in the Woods and their plant and habitat conservation. 'Stairway to Heaven' is a yellow and green variegated form that is the best choice for a variegated ladder. Leaf tips are pink in the cool weather of spring. In the East and Midwest, plants keep their variegation until temperatures get consistently warm, then colors sort of melt together.

See Polemonium reptans, Jacobs ladder for additional information habit

and hardiness, cultural and maintenance needs, and landscape uses.

Rudbeckia fulgida 'Goldsturm' Black Eyed Susan Native to North America (selection)

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: After 65 years in the nursery trade, the amazing Rudbeckia fulgida ‘Goldsturm’ still remains part of the popular crowd. Plants are low maintenance and resilient – thriving in most sunny sites. Striking summer flowers are beloved for their golden orange rays and chocolate brown cones. Butterflies flock to the blooms and songbirds relish the seeds. HABITAT & HARDINESS: The parent species Rudbeckia fulgida occurs in the eastern United States from Massachusetts to the Florida panhandle and west to Wisconsin, Missouri and Texas. Habitats include moist rocky woods, moist meadows, stream banks, gravel bars, savannas and pastures. ‘Goldsturm’ was selected in 1937 by Heinrich Hagemann at a nursery in the Czech Republic. Hagemann admired the compact habit and floriferous nature of the plant and convinced his employer Karl Foerster to propagate and introduce the variety. Due to World War II, the plant was not introduced until 1949. The cultivar name ‘Goldsturm’ translates to “gold storm” in English. ‘Goldsturm’ is admired around the world for its attractive golden flowers, healthy dark green foliage, pest resistance, compact habit, long season of bloom, low maintenance and adaptability to a variety of garden situations. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-8. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Rudbeckia fulgida ‘Goldsturm’ is a compact branching perennial. Plants have fibrous roots and form small colonies from short thick rhizomes . Stems are sturdy and pubescent with leathery dark green lanceolate to ovate leaves. The blades are 3-6” long becoming smaller and almost bract like as the stems rise. Flower heads are borne in profusion almost covering the foliage. Each daisy-like head is 1-2” across with golden-yellow rays that encircle a robust dark brown cone loaded with disc florets. Flowering begins in mid-summer and continues until autumn. Dense chocolate colored seed heads form and remain into early winter. Plants grow 2-3’ tall with 1.5-2’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: The ideal site for Rudbeckia fulgida ‘Goldsturm’ has full sun and fertile well drained soil. Plants adapt to clay or gravelly soils and tolerate part sun, heat and drought. In the hot humid south, plants need good air circulation and occasional division to discourage foliar diseases. Deadheading can extend the season of bloom but will remove the seed that are savored by songbirds. LANDSCAPE USES: This is a good choice for a Wildlife Garden, Cut Flower Garden, Prairie or Meadow. Plants are also used as Butterfly Nectar Plants or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. Rudbeckia fulgida ‘Goldsturm’ has Showy Blooms and is appropriate for Cottage Gardens, Deer Resistant Plantings, Water-wise Landscapes, Low Maintenance Plantings, Perennial Borders and Roadsides.

Height: 2-3 ft Spread: 2 ft Spacing: 2 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-9 Bloom Color: Yellow

Rudbeckia fulgida 'Goldsturm' Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Songbirds

• Pollinators

Attributes


• Dried Flower

• Rock Garden

• Cut Flower

• Naturalizing

• Clay Soil

• Long Blooming

• Favorite


Exposure


Flowering Months

• August

• July

• September

Foliage Color

• Green


• Yes


• Summer

• Spring


• Moist to Dry

Salvia lyrata 'Purple Knockout' Purple Knockout Lyre-leaf Sage Native to North America (selection)

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Mainly grown for its rosettes of glossy burgundy leaves that transform to a deep purple in summer followed by red in the autumn, this native selection is the perfect substitution for non-native Ajuga. Blue flowers appear in late spring and early summer - sometimes without petals, but despite they still attract a bevy of pollinators and butterflies. Plants thrive in moist or dry soil as long as they are in sun to part shade and may self- seed to produce a ground cover of plants 18" tall with a 12" spread. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Salvia lyrata occurs in the mid-Atlantic states south to Florida and west to Texas and Nebraska. Native to the wood's edge, thickets and tall meadows. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Salvia lyrate features irregularly lobed, basal leaves (often somewhat lyre-shaped) with smaller and sparser stem leaves. Whorls of two-lipped, lavender blue flowers upright, interrupted spikes which typically rise above the foliage to 1-2' tall. Flowers bloom in mid to late spring. Plants grow 18” tall with 12” spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Easily grown in average, medium to wet soils in full sun. Prefers moist, sandy or clay soils. Tolerates very light shade, but best in full sun. Also tolerates heat and humidity. Self-seeds and naturalizes in optimum growing conditions. Salvia lyrate prefers average to wet, clay or sandy soils in full sun. Drought and humidity tolerant. Cut back flower stalks if no petals appear and it will rebloom. In colder climates, Salvia lyrata prefers free draining soils with gravel or sand - too much soil moisture can result in winter losses. LANDSCAPE USES: Grown as borders and in cottage gardens, native plant gardens, wild or naturalized plantings or moist areas in low spots or along streams or ponds. They attract a bevy of pollinators and butterflies.

Height: 18 in Spread: 12-15 in Spacing: 12-24 in USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-9 Bloom Color: Blue

Salvia lyrata 'Purple Knockout' Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Songbirds

• Pollinators

• Hummingbirds

Attributes


• Cut Flower

• Clay Soil

• Rock Garden

• Ground Cover



Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• July

• June

Foliage Color

• Purple

Groundcover Foot-Traffic Tolerances

• Light

Growth Rate

• Fast


• Spring

• Fall

• Summer


• Dry to Moist

Silene caroliniana Wild Pink Native to North America FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Silene caroliniana is a tufted perennial wildflower with narrow lance-shaped leaves. In spring loose clusters of rosy pink flowers with dark centers rise above the foliage on slender stems. The floret bases are tubular, and the petals are spreading, and wedge shaped similar to phlox. Plants thrive in sunny or partially shaded gardens with well drained moist or dry soil. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Silene caroliniana occurs in the eastern United States from New Hampshire to the Florida panhandle and west to Ohio, Kentucky, Missouri, Tennessee and Alabama. This species is indigenous to dry rocky, gravelly or sandy deciduous woods, calcareous forests, open wooded clearings, barrens and rock outcrops. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 4-8. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Silene caroliniana is a low mounding tap rooted wildflower. New growth originates from a caudex or woody ground level stem. Leaves are semi-evergreen and mostly basal. The lower leaves have petioles and are 1-4” long. The blades are narrowly oval but broadest toward the tip. The stem leaves are arranged in pairs and are sessile and smaller than the lower leaves. Leaves have rounded or bluntly pointed tips. In spring clusters of bright pink flowers rise above the foliage. Florets have narrow tubes that spread into 5 wide notched petals. The calyx is covered with sticky glandular hairs. After flowering, elongated capsules less than ½” long form. Each has an opening at the tip surrounded by 6-8 recurved teeth. The seed inside are dark brown, and kidney shaped. Flowering stems rise to 1’ and plants spread to 1’. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Silene caroliniana flourishes in sun or part shade and extremely well drained soil. Plants tolerate sandy, gravelly or rocky soil, drought, acid or alkaline pH and shallow infertile soil. Plants are fairly pest resistant. They should be left undisturbed once established in the landscape . LANDSCAPE USES: This Groundcover produces colorful spring carpets of flowers in Perennial Borders or Rock Gardens. It is an excellent native substitute for exotic Dianthus spp. in Containers or other garden situations. Plants are used as Butterfly Nectar Plants or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. Silene caroliniana has Showy Blooms and is appropriate for Cottage Gardens, Water-wise Landscapes and Low Maintenance Plantings.

Height: 1 ft Spread: 9-12 in Spacing: 12-18 in USDA Hardiness Zone: 4-8 Bloom Color: Pink

Silene caroliniana Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Pollinators

• Butterflies

Attributes

• Rock Garden

• Naturalizing

• Ground Cover


Exposure


Flowering Months

• June

• May

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Medium


• Spring

• Fall

• Summer


• Well-Drained

• Dry to Moist

Sisyrinchium angustifolium 'Lucerne' Blue-eyed Grass Native to North America (selection)

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Sisyrinchium angustifolium ‘Lucerne’ is a low rhizomatous wildflower. Plants form tufted clumps of narrow sword shaped leaves. Starry bright blue flowers rise above the foliage to a height of 12” or so. This diminutive beauty prospers in sunny or lightly shaded gardens with moist well drained soils. HABITAT & HARDINESS: The parent species Sisyrinchium angustifolium ranges from eastern Canada to Maine and Florida and west to Minnesota, Kansas and Texas. Plants are indigenous to floodplain forests, sandy thickets, woodland edges and clearings, river banks, moist meadows and fields, roadsides, moist to mesic prairies and moist oak savannas. The cultivar ‘Lucerne’ was selected by Robert Herman formerly of White Flower Farm. Herman found the plant in a nursery in Lucerne, Switzerland. This selection has compact growth, larger than normal flowers and floriferous nature. The cultivar is reported to be more cold hardy and less prone to self-seeding than the species. Hardiness rating extends from USDA Zones 5-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Sisyrinchium angustifolium ‘Lucerne’ forms attractive upright rosettes of narrow iris-like foliage. The linear leaves are pointed with parallel veins and are 6-8” long and ¼” wide. The semi-evergreen leaves are arranged in overlapping fans like those of iris. Flattened flower stalks arise from the leafy tufts. Each branched stem terminates in umbels of starry blue florets that emerge from leaf-like bracts, The 3/4” florets have 3 pointed petals and 3 identical but slightly wider sepals. These tepals are arranged in a ring around a golden-yellow center. Dark violet nectar guides radiate from the center of the flower. Blooming begins in late spring or early summer and continues for two months or more. Rounded capsules full of small black seed follow. The seed are distributed short distances by wind. Plants rise from coarse fibrous roots or rhizomes to 10-12” height and 6-12” spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Sisyrinchium angustifolium ‘Lucerne’ is a well-behaved cultivar that thrives in sunny moist sites with humus rich slightly acid well drained soil. Plants tolerate part shade, some drought, slightly alkaline pH and sandy, loamy or clay soils. They are pest resistant and somewhat unpalatable to herbivores. In garden situations, this short- lived perennial should be divided every 2-3 years to promote vigor and increase life span. Thick mulch layers should be avoided as this can cause crown rot. If seedlings are a problem, shear plants back after flowering to remove developing seed capsules. LANDSCAPE USES: This is a good choice as a Groundcover, Mass or Edging for a Cottage Garden or Perennial Border. Sisyrinchium angustifolium ‘Lucerne’ has Showy Blooms and Attractive Foliage. It can be naturalized in Lawns or utilized in Meadow Gardens, Rock Gardens, Low Maintenance Plantings, open Shade Gardens and Wildlife Gardens.

Height: 10-12 in Spread: 6-12 in Spacing: 12 in USDA Hardiness Zone: 5-9 Bloom Color: Blue

Sisyrinchium angustifolium 'Lucerne' Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Pollinators

• Songbirds

Attributes

• Rain Garden



• Cut Flower

• Clay Soil

• Naturalizing

• Bog

• Ground Cover


Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• June

• May

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Medium


• Summer

• Spring


• Moist to Dry

Vernonia noveborecensis New York Ironweed Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Vernonia noveborecensis is a tall robust perennial wildflower with numerous lance shaped leaves. In late summer plants are crowned by large corymbs of royal purple disc florets. Butterflies and other pollinators flock to the blooms. This species thrives in wet open woods or in sunny gardens with moist soil. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Vernonia noveborecensis occurs from New Hampshire to Kentucky and south to Georgia, Alabama and the Florida panhandle. Plants are indigenous to wet meadows, moist pastures, stream banks, low woods, marshes, ditches and wet roadsides. This species is hardy from USDA Zones 5-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Vernonia noveborecensis is an upright perennial wildflower with many stem leaves and no basal leaves. Blades are oval to lance shaped and up to 8” long and 3” across. Leaves are toothed with pointed tips. Petioles may be short or absent. The lower leaf surface is light green and often pubescent. From mid-summer until autumn, plants bear terminal flat-topped flower corymbs. The inflorescences are composed of clusters of deep purple disc florets. Each floret matures into a brown to gray nutlet with a bristly brown to purple colored pappus. Plants are 4-8’ tall with an average 2-4’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Vernonia noveborecensis prefers sunny wet sites or gardens with average moist acidic soil. Plants tolerate clay soils, alkaline pH and some drought. This species is pest resistant, but foliage is occasionally nibbled by deer and other herbivores. In the wild plants occur in wet sites but in garden situations this one can grow in well-drained soil or tolerate some drought. LANDSCAPE USES: In bloom, Vernonia noveborecensis is a dramatic Accent for a Wildlife Garden or Meadow. Plants are lovely in combination with native grasses and golden fall flowers. Plants are also used as Butterfly Nectar Plants, Cut Flowers or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. This wildflower has Showy Blooms and provides Erosion Control. It can be used in Cottage Gardens, Low Maintenance Plantings or Perennial Borders. The generic name honors English botanist, bryologist and entomologist William Vernon who collected in Maryland during 1698. The specific epithet refers to the state of New York where the species was probably first identified.

Height: 4-8 ft Spread: 2-4 ft Spacing: 2-4 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 5-9 Bloom Color: Purple

Vernonia noveborecensis Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Pollinators

Attributes

• Long Blooming


• Cut Flower

• Clay Soil

• Bog

• Rain Garden

• Naturalizing

Exposure


Deer Resistant

• Deer Resistant

Flowering Months

• October

• September

• August

• July

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Medium


• Yes

Salt Tolerance

• Medium


• Fall

• Summer

• Spring


• Moist to Wet

Veronicastrum virginicum Culver’s Root Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Veronicastrum virginicum is a tall robust perennial wildflower with attractive whorled leaves. In early and mid-summer plants are crowned by spiky racemes densely packed with tiny tubular white florets. The inflorescences branch several times giving the appearance of a dramatic candelabra. Plants thrive in open woods and wet meadows or prairies. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Veronicastrum virginicum occurs in Manitoba, Ontario and Nova Scotia and from Maine to North Dakota and south to the Florida panhandle and east Texas. Distribution is greatest in states bordering the Great Lakes. Plants are indigenous to moist to mesic black land prairies, sand prairies, wet meadows, savannas, openings and borders of woods, thickets and banks of rivers, creeks and ditches. This species is hardy from USDA Zones 3-8. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Veronicastrum virginicum is an upright perennial wildflower. Stems are round and smooth and are unbranched except near the tip. Leaves are whorled along the stems in groups of 3-7. Each toothed leaf is about 6” long and 1.5” across. Blades are oval, or lance shaped and can be sessile or have short petioles. For about a month in summer, stems terminate in slender spike-like racemes. Each raceme is about 8” long and is densely packed with ¼ tubular white or pale blue florets with exerted stamens. The racemes branch into a lovely upright arrangement of elegant branched spires. Florets mature into capsules full of small brown seed. Plants are 4-8’ tall with 2-4’ spread. They originate from a sturdy taproot and can expand into larger clumps from underground rhizomes. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Veronicastrum virginicum prefers sunny wet sites or gardens with moist rich acidic soil. Plants tolerate light shade but will flop is shade is too dense. This species will adapt to sandy, loamy or clay soils and brief periods of drought. Culver’s Root is fairly pest resistant but may have some issues with root borers. Foliage is unpalatable to deer and other herbivores. Plants can be slow to establish in the garden - not reaching their potential for three or so years. LANDSCAPE USES: In bloom, Veronicastrum virginicum is a striking vertical Accent for a Wildlife Garden or Meadow. Plants are also useful Butterfly Nectar Plants, Cut Flowers or components of Grouping or Mass Plantings. This wildflower has Showy Blooms and handsome foliage. It is an asset to Cottage Gardens, Low Maintenance Plantings, Rain Gardens or Perennial Borders.

Height: 4-8 ft Spread: 2-3 ft Spacing: 2-3 ft USDA Hardiness Zone: 3-8 Bloom Color: White

Veronicastrum virginicum Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Pollinators

Attributes



• Rain Garden

• Cut Flower

• Clay Soil

• Bog

• Naturalizing

• Long Blooming

Exposure


Flowering Months

• August

• July

Foliage Color

• Green

Growth Rate

• Medium


• Summer

• Spring


• Moist to Wet

Zizia aureus Golden Alexander's Native to North America

FIRST IMPRESSIONS: Zizia aurea is a 1-3’ tall upright perennial wildflower with glossy compound basal leaves. From late spring to early summer flowering stems elongate bearing showy umbrella shaped clusters of small yellow florets. Scads of beneficial pollinators flock to the blooms. This golden beauty thrives in sunny sites with moist loamy soil. HABITAT & HARDINESS: Zizia aurea occurs in eastern North America west to Manitoba, Montana, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas. This species is indigenous to disturbed and high-quality habitats including moist or wet Blackland prairies, oak savannas, limestone glades, thinly wooded bluffs, moist meadows, alluvial woods, swamp forests, open moist to mesic woods, thickets, fields and powerline right of ways. Plants are hardy from USDA Zones 3-9. PLANT DESCRIPTION: Zizia aurea is an erect perennial with coarse fibrous roots and occasional lateral stems. Plants have shiny pinnately compound basal foliage with 3-5 toothed leaflets. The leaflets are about 3” long with long petioles and variable shape (lanceolate, cordate, oblong or lobed). Several smooth shiny stems with light green vertical lines rise from the basal rosettes. The stems bear alternate compound leaves with short petioles. They are topped by rounded or flat-topped compound umbels of tiny yellow florets. Each umbel averages 2-3” across and can contain as many as 250 florets that are about 1/8” wide. Blooming begins in late spring and continues for about a month. The florets mature into small oblong ribbed seed. Plants grow 1-3’ tall with a 1-2’ spread. CULTURAL & MAINTENANCE NEEDS: Zizia aurea flourishes in sun or part sun with moist loamy soil. Plants tolerate clay loam, rocky or gravelly soil, alkaline pH and controlled burns. This species is easy to grow but is a short-lived perennial that persists by re-seeding. LANDSCAPE USES: This is a good choice for a Wildlife Garden or sunny Meadow. Plants are also used as Butterfly Nectar Plants, Butterfly Host Plants or as part of a Grouping or Mass Planting. Zizia aurea has Showy Blooms and is appropriate for Cottage Gardens, Cut Flower Gardens, Low Maintenance Plantings, Prairie Gardens, Rain Gardens and Perennial Borders.

Height: 1-3 ft Spread: 1-2 ft Spacing: 18-24 in USDA Hardiness Zone: 3-9 Bloom Color: Yellow

Zizia aureus Characteristics

Attracts Wildlife

• Butterflies

• Pollinators

Attributes

• Naturalizing


• Cut Flower

• Rain Garden

• Clay Soil

• Bog

• Rock Garden

Exposure


Flowering Months

• June

• May

Foliage Color

• Green

Salt Tolerance

• Medium


• Winter

• Summer

• Spring


• Moist to Wet

Online Plant Sale 2020 PLANT SALE CATALOG · Plants usually attain a height of 3-4’ and a spread...

Documents

Transcript of Online Plant Sale 2020 PLANT SALE CATALOG · Plants usually attain a height of 3-4’ and a spread...