Online Bus Reservationfinal

ONLINE BUS RESERVATION SYSTEM

1. ABSTRACT

The system entitled as “ONLINE BUS RESERVATION SYSTEM” is an

internet based on-line reservation process which enforces the following

features. This Web Application provides facility to reserve online bus

tickets.

It saves time as it allows number of users to Book Tickets at the same

time.

Administrator has a privilege to add New Buses, new places, generate

Reports and keep a track of all the users.

User can register, login and book tickets with their specific id, and can

also Cancel and Print Tickets.

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2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Existing System

The Current System Is Time Consuming.

It is irritating for passengers to book tickets spending a lot of time standing in queue.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

The online system is easy to use, self-service system which enables the customer buys tickets

and pays the cost through credit card in online.

In comparison to the present system the proposed system will be less time consuming and is

more efficient

MODULES

Administrator

User

1. Administrator Module: This Module is used to maintain user details and manage the

records of the users with their reports.

2. User Module: This Module is used to maintain user details and manage the daily

transactions such Reservation, Cancellation and Registration for new Users.

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Online Bus

Reservation

System

UserAd

min

UPDATION

MANAGE

RESPONSE

REQUEST


CONTEXT DIAGRAM

1 st LEVEL-DFD

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2 nd LEVEL-DFD

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SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION (SRS)

Features

The following subsections of the SRS document provide an overview of the entire SRS.

Scope:

The main objective of this project is to provide better work efficiency,security, accuracy,

reliability, feasibility. The error occurred could be reduced to nil and working conditions can

be improved.

Benefits:

This website reduces the manual work, maintaining accuracy, increasing efficiency and

saving time. For user, it saves time of going too far away reservation office and also they can

view their status.

FEASIBILITY STUDY

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

It determines whether the investment needed to implement the system will be recovered.

Economic feasibility concerns returns from the investments in a project. It determines

whether it is worthwhile to invest the money in the proposed project or whether something

else should be done with it. To carry out economic feasibility study, it is necessary to place

actual money values against any purchases or activities needed to implement the project.

OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY

Operational feasibility covers two aspects. One is a technical performance aspect and the

other is acceptance within the organization. Technical performance include issues such as

determining whether the system can provide the right information for the organizations

personnel, and whether the system can be organized so that it always delivers this information

at the right place and on time. Acceptance revolves around the current system and its

personnel. Operational feasibility must determine how the proposed system will fit in with the

current operations and what, if any, job restructuring and retraining may be needed to

implement the system.

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ONLINE BUS RESERVATION

REGISTRATION

FEEDBACK

LOG-IN

HOME

USER/AGENT

AGENT

USER

CANCELLATION


TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY

Since the processing speed is very high it is technically feasible.

STRUCTURECHART

WEB ARCHITECTURE

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3. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

HARDWARE REQUIRMENT:

Processor : 32 BIT, Intel Pentium – IV Processor & above

RAM : 1 GB

Hard Disk : 80 GB

Key Board : 108 Keys keyboard

Mouse : 2 or 3 button optical mouse

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

Development Platform : Windows XP

Front – End : Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 (ASP.NET)

Code - Behind Lang : Visual C#

Back – End : SQL Server 2005

Server : IIS Server

Scripting Language : Java Script (Client side Scripting)

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4.DATABASE DESIGN

DATA GATHERING:

The first step toward building a productive data mining program is, of course, to gather data!

Most businesses already perform these data gathering tasks to some extent -- the key here is

to locate the data critical to your business, refine it and prepare it for the data mining process.

A database is a collection of interrelated data stored with minimum redundancy to serve many

users quickly and effectively. The database serves as the repository of data, so a well-

designed database can lead to a better program structure and reduce procedural complexity. In

a database environment, common data are available and used by several users.

The process of data gathering for the project entitled “Online Bus-Ticket Reservation”

involves the following objectives of Data Base Design:

Controlled redundancy.

A unique aspect of database is storing data only once, which controls redundancy and

improves system performance.

Database should be modified without interfering with established ways of using the data.

Data independence.

Adding new data without to rewrite application programs.

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NORMALIZATION

Database normalization is the process of removing redundant data from the tables to improve

storage efficiency, data integrity, and scalability.

Normalization generally involves splitting existing tables into multiple ones, which must be

re-joined or linked each time a query is issued.

Normalization can be explain based on table which are as follows:

1NF (first normal form)

2NF(second normal form)

1NF(FIRST NORMAL FORM)

The only values permitted by 1NF are single atomic values.

1NF shown in our project as follows:

U_EMAI

L

U_NAM

E

U_PNO U_GENDE

R

U_PW

D

U_DO

B

CHKD

U_DOB-> {DATE,MONTH,YEAR}

2NF (SECOND NORMALFORM)

It is based on the concept of full functional dependency.

2NF in our project is as follows:

C_ID T_NO D_CANCEL B_ID SEAT_NO AMOUNT

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SCHEMA DIAGRAM

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DATA DICTONARY:

The datadictionary (or data repository) or system catalog is an important part of the DBMS.

It contains data about data (or metadata). It means that it contains the actual database

descriptions used by the DBMS. In most DBMSs, the data dictionaryis active and integrated.

It means that the DBMS checks the data dictionary every time the database is accessed. The

data dictionary contains the following information’s.

ADMIN TABLE:

FIELD NAME DATA TYPE DESCRIPTION

Admin name Varchar(50) Admin login id

Password Varchar(50) Admin login password

BUS DETAILS:

B_id Int Bus id number

B_name Varchar(50) Bus name

B_seat Int Bus seat number

B_depttime Time(7) Bus departure time

B_avltime Time(7) Bus arrival time

B_source Varchar(50) Source place

B_destination Varchar(50) Destination place

B_bp1….bp4 Varchar(50) Boarding points

B_fare Varchar(50) Amount

B_type Varchar(10) Type of the bus

B_tripdays Varchar(70) Trips

Chkd Varchar(5) Checked

CANCELLATION:

C_id Int Cancellation id

T_no Varchar(50) Ticket number

D_cancel Datetime Date of cancellation

B_id Int Bus identity number

Seat_no Varchar(5) Seat number

Amount Float Amount to be return

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http://www.blurtit.com/q6281869.html






FEEDBACK:

Id Int User id

Name Varchar(50) User name

Email_id Varchar(50) User mail id

Mobile Nvarchar(50) User mobile number

Subject Varchar(50) Feedback subject

Comment Varchar(50) comments

PLACE:

P_id Int Place id number

Name Varchar(50) Place name

PAYMENT:

Id Int User id

U_mail Varchar(50) User email id

Card_type Varchar(50) Type of card

Bank Varchar(50) Name of the bank

Card_no Varchar(50) Card expiry date

Cvv Nchar(10) CVV number of the card

Amount Nvarchar(10) Amount

RESERVATION:

T_no Varchar(50) Ticket number


Jdate Date Journey date

Jtime Time(7) Journey time

B_id Int Bus identity number

Bpoint Varchar(50) Boarding point

Bookingdate Date Date of booking

Noofpassenger Varchar(50) Number of passenger to

travel

Passenger1…4 Varchar(50) Passenger up to 4

Gender Varchar(6) Gender

Seat_no Varchar(5) Seat number

Amount Int Amount

Mobile Nvarchar(50) Phone number of the

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passenger

Email Varchar(50) Email address

Address Varchar(50) Address of the passengers

Id_type Varchar(50) Passenger id card type

Id_no Int Id card number

Id_name Varchar(50) Id card name

Chkd Varchar(6) Checked

USER TABLE:


U_name Varchar(50) User name

U_pno Nvarchar(50) User phone number

U_gernder Varchar(50) Gender

U_pwd Varchar(50) User password

U_dob Varchar(50) User date of birth

Chkd Varcahr(6) Checked

RELATIONSHIP

A relationship in database design is similar to a relationship that parent and a child has within

a family. Relationships imply how entities relate to each other. With the help of relationships,

the records can be associated with each other in queries or view definitions. The parent entity

has a key value (primary key) that uniquely identifies a record in one table with any other

tables or entities that are considered children. The child table or entity has what is called

foreign key. This is a column that holds the value of the parent entity, so that you can join the

two entities during the query process.

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U_DOB

USER

U_PNO

U_GENDER

U_PWD

U_EMAIL

U_NAME

BOOKIN-G

RESERVATION

U_MAIL

T_NO

JDATE

JTIME

B_IDBPOINT

BOOKINGDATE

AMOUNT

PASSENGER,AGE,GENDER,SEATNO,

NOOFPASSNGERS

MOBILE,ID CARD DETAILS

CANCELLATION

AMOUNT

SEAT_NO

B_IDT_NO

C_ID

D_CANCEL


ER-DIAGRAM

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TESTING:

Test Plan

Test Planning will be done at the onset of project in project planning phase. Test plan

will outline the types of test to be performed, resources, tools and responsibilities for test

related activities. For unit testing, the developers themselves are made responsible for the

quality of the module we are developing.

Testing is the process used to help identify the correctness, completeness, security

and quality of developed computer software. With that in mind, testing can never establish the

correctness of arbitrary computer software to its fullest. In computability theory, a field of

computer science, an elegant mathematical proof concludes that it is impossible to solve the

halting problem, the question of whether an arbitrary computer program will enter an infinite

loop, or halt and produce output. In other words, testing is criticism or comparison, that actual

value with expected one.

Functional Testing

The objective of this test is to ensure that each element of the application meets the

functional requirements of the business as outlined in the:

Requirements Catalogue

Business Design Specification

Functional Requirement Specification Document

GUI standards; valid, invalid and limit data input; screen & field look and appearance, and

overall consistency with the rest of the application will be tested according to the agreed

Client interface.

The next step includes specific Functional testing – these are low-level tests, which aim to test

the individual processes and data flows.

Unit Testing

This test shall prove that each and every Modules comply with each other correctly

and that there are no gaps in the data flow. And each module is able to fetch the proper data

from the database as per as the requirements.

Integration Testing

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This test shall prove that all the Modules complies with each other correctly and that

there are no gaps in the data flow. Final Integration Test shall prove that system works as

integrated unit when all the fixes are complete.

Risk Involved during Integration Test

During Integration Test the main risk is that if the integration between one or

more module is not possible then there is possibility of displaying wrong

information as well as the web application will go to the debug mode, So it need

to test each and every module iteratively and Integrate each module to another

to avoid the conflict.

Regression Testing

The main objective of regression testing is to uncover error if any that occurred after

applying new changes to the current system. As we have gone for the prototyping strategy,

the development was highly iterative and after iterations, regression test was to be performed

for uncovering new errors occurring after new patches.

Performance Testing

Looking at the criticality of the application and constraints imposed by the technology

it is very difficult to test the entire system.

Performance testing can be done by using following strategies:

Testing Strategies followed during the Testing

Functional Specifications Requirements Document is thoroughly reviewed for

completeness and correctness with respect to Requirements coverage. This help to identify

each and every requirement of the Client according to the Functionality aspects of the system.

The following activities are involved:-

Study of Design specification and Review for Requirement coverage.

Testing for the existence and use of standards in naming various objects of the application.

Review the design of system components and their integration to give business solution.

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Existence and correct implementation of constraints to enforce business rules.

Identification of units of application for testing.

Creation and maintenance of test environment that is not a part of system.

Setting up guidelines for testing each application unit.

Preparation of checklists and test case specifications for units subject to testing.

Conducting string testing.

Test Items List

Design Specification

The Study of design documents for completeness and Correctness of program

specifications with respect to requirement Coverage. This help to identify each and every

requirement of the Client according to the Design aspects of the system.

Client Interface

Check visual aspects of the Each and Every Page.

Check each and every field is place in the proper position.

Check for Edit style of the in respect to the proper font and visual.

Check for appropriate format mask.

Check the field width at Client interface level with that at the data base level.

Check for the data-type mismatch and truncation.

Check the Client Interface level in terms of the Data base level whether the data

Coming is place in the proper position and all the content is displayed.

Code Review

Complete and proper implementation of design.

Use of the Object Oriented features during the coding.

Use of standard naming conventions.

Variable and parameter declarations.

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Initialization & resetting of variables.

Checking for code optimization.

Comments and indentation.

Integration & System Testing

The units within a module are tested to ensure that they work in tandem. Data flow among the

units involved and the performance are tested.

Check for the correct navigation order.

Ensure the modules within the system function as per the Client requirements at high

performance standards.

Check for the Client friendliness in the system.

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SCREEN SHOT

HOME PAGE

LOGIN PAGE

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ACCOUNT

SEAT

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BOOKING

PAYMENT

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PRINT

CANCELATION

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ADD BUS

ADD PLACE

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APPENDIX

ASP. NET

ASP.NETis a part of the .NET Framework, a new computing platform from

Microsoft optimized for creating applications that are highly distributed across the

Internet. Highly distributed means of the components of the application, as well as the

data, may reside anywhere on the Internet rather than all being contained inside one

software program somewhere. Each part of an application can be referenced and

accessed using a standard procedure ASP.NET is the part that provides the features

necessary to easily tie all this capability together for coherent web-based applications. It

is a programming framework, and one of the primary differences between it and

traditional ASP is that it uses a Common Language Runtime (CLR) capable of running

compiled code on a web server to deploy powerful wed-based applications.

ASP.NET still use HTTP to communicate to the browser and back, but it brings

added functionality that makes the communication process much richer. If any files have

the appropriate extension or contain code, the server routes those files to ASP.NET for

processing prior to sending them out to the client. The script or code is then processed

and the appropriate content is generated for transmission back to the browser/client.

Because processing takes place before the results are delivered to the user, all manner of

functionality can be built-in such as database access, component usage and the ordinary

programmatic functionality available with scripting languages.

ASP.NET applications can be coded using a plain text edited such as notepad, although

this not the most efficient method to use. Developing of all the other resources that

might be required for a particular ASP.NET

Application, especially for the user interface, may involve range of specialized tools

including image-editing programs, database programs and HTML editors.

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ASP.NET also enables you to separate HTML design from the data retrieval mechanism.

Therefore changing the HTML deign does not affect the program that retrieve data from

the databases. Similarly, server-side scripting ensures that changing data sources does

not require a change in HTML documents.

ASP.NET has a number of advance features that help you develop robust web

applications. The advance features of ASP.NET are based on the .NET Framework.

ASP.NET in .NET Framework

ASP.NET, which is the .NET version of ASP, is built on Microsoft .NET

Framework. Microsoft introduced the .NET Framework to help developers create

globally distributed software with Internet functionality and interoperability.ASP.NET

application include WEB Forms, configuration files and XML, web service files. Web

forms enable of functionality can be built-in such as database access, component usage

and the ordinary programmatic functionality available with scripting languages.

ASP.NET applications can be coded using a plain text edited such as notepad, although

this not the most efficient method to use. Developing all the other resources that might

be required for a particular ASP.NET

Application, especially for the user interface, may involve range of specialized tools

including image-editing programs, database programs and HTML editors.

ASP.NET also enables you to separate HTML design from the data retrieval mechanism.

Therefore changing the HTML deign does not affect the program that retrieve data from

the databases. Similarly, server-side scripting ensures that changing data sources does

not require a change in HTML documents.

ASP.NET has a number of advance features that help you develop robust web

applications. The advance features of ASP.NET are based on the .NET Framework.

FEATURES OF ASP.NET

Compiled Code - Code written in ASP.NET is compiled and not interpreted. This

makes ASP.NET applications faster to execute than other server- side scripts that are

interpreted, such as scripts written in a previous of ASP.

Enriched Tool Support-The ASP.NET Framework is provided with a rich toolbox and

designer in VS.NET IDE (Visual Studio .NET integrated development environment).

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Some of the features of this powerful tool are the WYSIWTG (What You See Is What You

Get) editor, drag-and-drop server controls and automatic deployment.

Power and Flexibility- ASP.NET applications are based on Common Language Runtime

(CLR).

Simplicity - ASP.NET enables you to build user interfaces that separate application logic

from presentation content. In addition, CLR simplifies application development by using

managed code services, such as automatic reference counting and garbage collection.

Manageability- ASP.NET enables you to manage Web application by storing the

configuration information in an XML file. You can open the XML file in the visual

Studio .NET IDE.

Scalability- ASP.NET has been designed with scalability in mind. It has features that

help improve performance in a multiprocessor environment.

Security- ASP.NET provides a number of options for implementing security and

restricting user access to a web application. All these options are configured within the

configuration file.

ASP.NET ARCHITECTURE

ASP.NET is based on the fundamental architecture of .NET Framework. Visual studio

provides a uniform way to combine the various features of this Architecture.

Architecture is explained form bottom to top in the following discussion.

At the bottom of the Architecture is Common Language Runtime. NET Framework

common language runtime resides on top of the operating system services. The common

language runtime loads and executes code that targets the runtime. This code is

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therefore called managed code. The runtime gives you, for example, the ability for cross-

language integration.

. NET Framework provides a rich set of class libraries. These include base classes, like

networking and input/output classes.

ADO.NET is Microsoft’s ActiveX Data Object (ADO) model for the .NET Framework.

ADO.NET is not simply the migration of the popular ADO model to the managed

environment but a completely new paradigm for data access and manipulation.

The 4th layer of the framework consists of the Windows application model and, in

parallel, the Web application model. The Web application model-in the slide presented

as ASP.NET-includes Web Forms and Web Services. ASP.NET comes with built-in Web

Forms controls, which are responsible for generating the user interface.

One of the obvious themes of .NET is unification and interoperability between various

programming languages. In order to achieve this; certain rules must be laid and all the

languages must follow these rules. In other words we cannot have languages running around

creating their own extensions and their own fancy new data types. CLS is the collection of the

rules and constraints that every language (that seeks to achieve .NET compatibility) must

follow.

The CLR and the .NET Frameworks in general, however, are designed in such a way that

code written in one language can not only seamlessly be used by another language. Hence

ASP.NET can be programmed in any of the .NET compatible language whether it is

VB.NET, C#, Managed C++ or JScript.NET.

C#

The C# [4] programming language (pronounced "C-Sharp") is one of the most powerful

object-oriented programming languages developed by Microsoft. According to them, "C#

is a modern, object-oriented language that enables programmers to quickly build a wide

range of applications for the new Microsoft .NET platform, which provides tools and

services that fully exploit both computing and communications." Actually, C# was

originally codenamed "Cool" before being released as a beta in 2000. Microsoft then

released different versions of the language including the latest release of C# 2.0. With

each release, the product shipped with improved features for developing secured and

scalable applications along with high quality documentation and code samples

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Some of the notable features of the C# programming language are namespaces, type-safe

variables, multi-dimensional arrays, jagged arrays, operator overloading, indexers,

delegates, versioning, attributes and overriding. C# also comes with features like "pass

by reference" and "pass by value" for parameters, XML based documentation with

special comment tags, Integration with COM components developed using Visual Studio

6.0.

FEATURES OF C#

Pointers are missing in C#.

Unsafe operations such as direct memory manipulation are not allowed.

In C# there is no usage of "::” or "->" operators.

Since it’s on .NET, it inherits the features of automatic memory management and

garbage collection.

C# has been based according to the current trend and is very powerful and simple for

building interoperable, scalable, robust applications.

C# includes built in support to turn any component into a web service that can be

invoked over the Internet from any application running on any platform.

C# supports Data Encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, interfaces.

In C# we cannot perform unsafe casts like convert double to a Boolean.

C# includes native support for the COM and windows based applications.

SQL Server

SQL Server is an enterprise-scale, industrial strength, relational database

management solution. It contains all the features expected of high-end DBMS systems, as

well as XML support.

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INTRODUCTION TO SQL SERVER:

To create a database determines the name of the database, its owner (the user

who creates the database), its size, and the files and file groups used to store it. Before

creating a database, consider that:

Permission to create a database defaults to members of the sysadmin and dbcreator fixed

server roles, although permissions can be granted to other users.

The user who creates the database becomes the owner of the database.

A maximum of 32,767 databases can be created on a server.

The name of the database must follow the rules for identifiers.

Three types of files are used to store a database:

Primary files

These files contain the startup information for the database. The primary files are also used to

store data. Every database has one primary file.

Secondary files

These files hold all the data that does not fit in the primary data file. Databases do not need

secondary data files if the primary file is large enough to hold all the data in the database.

Some databases may be large enough to need multiple secondary data files, or they may use

secondary files on separate disk drives to spread the data across multiple disks.

Transaction log

These files hold the log information used to recover the database. There must be at least one

transaction log file for each database, although there may be more than one. The minimum

size for a log file is 512 kilobytes (KB).

It is recommended that you specify a maximum size to which the file is permitted to

grow. This prevents the file from growing, as data is added, until disk space is exhausted.

To specify a maximum size for the file, use the MAXSIZE parameter of the CREATE

DATABASE statement or the Restrictfile growth (MB) option when using

the Properties dialog box in SQL Server Enterprise Manager to create the database.

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CREATING DATABASE PLAN:

The first step in creating a database is creating a plan that serves both as a guide to be

used when implementing the database and as a functional specification for the database

after it has been implemented. The complexity and detail of a database design is dictated

by the complexity and size of the database application as well as the user population.

The nature and complexity of a database application, as well as the process of planning

it, can vary greatly. A database can be relatively simple and designed for use by a single

person, or it can be large and complex and designed, for example, to handle all the

banking transactions for hundreds of thousands of clients. In the first case, the database

design may be little more than a few notes on some scratch paper. In the latter case, the

design may be a formal document with hundreds of pages that contain every possible

detail about the database.

In planning the database, regardless of its size and complexity, use these basic steps:

Gather information.

Identify the objects.

Model the objects.

Identify the types of information for each object.

Identify the relationships between objects.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books referred for gathering the data:

Sam Series Unleashed ASP.Net

ASP.Net Professional Secret

SQL Server 2005 complete reference

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