Tranexamic Acid indication a- Treatment of heamorrhage associated with excessive fibrinolysisb- An antidote for Streptokinase overdosec- Prophylaxis of hereditary angioedma

MAOI’s cause insomnia

Caffeine cause insomnia

Beta blockers cause insomnia

Acipimox a lipid lowering drugs

Cimetidine Having the highest affinity for cytochrome p450i

Antacids containing NAHCO3A Produce Belching

Domperidone dopamine antagonist

Diloxamide furoate systemic amoebicide

Rifampicin may cause discolouration of nail beds and mucus membranes

Praziquantel the drug of choice for the treatment of all forms of Schistosomiasis

Amantadine used for the treatment of influenza A infection

Sodium Stibogluconate used in the treatment of Leishmaniasis

Folic acid antagonize Methotrexate

Sea food lodine is found

Kelp lodine is found

Iodized salt lodine is found

Zinc Promotes wound healing and normal growth

Copper Used to Formation of red and white blood cells

Chromium Helps to maintain normal glucose metabolism

Selenium Protects cells against damage during cellular m etabolism

Auranofin Oral form of Gold Used For Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Pencil amine Given on an empty stomach

Aspirin Having Anti platelets effect

Corticosteroids May be given intra articularly

Sodium Bicarbonate Should not be used by patient of heart failure

Aluminium Hydroxide Can be incorporated with an antacids mixture to control diarhoea.

Amitriptyline May cause dry mouth

Magnesium Hydroxide May cause diarrhea

Isoniazid Pyridoxine requirements may increase during administration of Isoniazid

Cycloserine Pyridoxine requirements may increase during administrationof cycloserine

Oral contraceptives Pyridoxine requirements may increase during administrationof oral contraceptive

Aromatic ammonia spirit USP contain alcohol

Terpin hydrate elixir USP contain alcohol

Belladona tincture B.P contain alcohol

Aluminium acetate topical solution USP

used as an astringent

Dopamine receptors blocked in the brain

an extrapyramidal adverse effects is occured

A rare side effect of some anticonvulsants is Stevens-Johnson syndrome.this is a severe

Skin reaction

Folic acid If a women,receiving carbamazepine becomes pregnant,it is important that she receives as daily supplements

Phenytoin side effects a- Acneb- Hirsuitismc- Gingival hyperplasia

Prazosin Alpha-1- Adrenergic blocker

Nitroglycerin Containers must be made of glass and be covered with a tight-fittingClose tightly after useTablets must be stored at controlled R.TTablets not to be refrigerated

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Terbutalin important adverse effect Tachycardia CNS stimulation Fine muscle tremor Gastric irritation

Penicillin V It is acid stableCiprofloxacin quinolone antibioticTuberculosis is caused by Mycobacteriumpertussis is another name for Whooping coughpulmonary Tuberclosis antibiotic treatment must be continued for at least

6 months

Is Sulindac a prodrug prodrugIs Enalapril a prodrug prodrugIs Sulfasalazine a prodrug prodrugdrug to first pass effect Oral route of drug administration- Acute systemic anaphylaxis should be treated immediately by

IV injection of adrenaline

Verapamil actions Preventing entry of calcium channels through slow channelscardiac glycoside may be useful in treating

1. Atrial flutter Preventing entry of calcium channels through slow channels2. Congestive heart failure3. Atrial fibrillation

streptokinase is indicated for the treatment of

Pulmonary emboli

Tretinoin In the treatment of acneVerapamil hcl parenterally for cardiac arrythmiasBenztropine Mesylate used for the treatment of ParkinsonismTrihexyphenidyl Hcl used for the treatment of ParkinsonismProcyclidine used for the treatment of Parkinsonism Pindolol induce bronchospasmAspirin having anti-inflammatory effect due to

Inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins

Desmopressin acetate The most useful drug in the treatment of diabetes insipidus

Iimipramine (Tofranil)- The tricyclic antidepressant has been approved by FDA for use in

Eneuresis

Nitroglycerin- Regular use of sublingual doses result in

Tolerance

Metoprolol (Lopressor) beta blockers

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Nadolol (Corgard)i beta blockersPropranolol (Inderal) beta blockersBisacodyl frequently can cause Abdominal crampsNaloxone hcl (Narcan) pure opioid antagonistCarbamazepine (tegretol) is used for Trigeminal neuralgia

Buspirone (Buspar) is classified AntidepressantDilitiazem is used primarily Calcium channel blockadeCarbocysteine MucolyticNifedipine given by sublingual routeNitroglycerin given by sublingual routeIsoprenaline given by sublingual routePiperacillin Betalactam antibiotic active against pseudomonasFlucloxacillin Pencillinase resistant betalactamTetracycline Contraindicated in childrenCilastin Inhibits renal metabolismDisinfectants are expected to destroy or inhibit the growth of microbes which are in

The vegetative stage

Iron can store at Reticuloendothelial systemIron can store at HepatocytesIron can store at MuscleChlorpropamide sulphonylurea antidiabetic drugOne drop has a volume of Variable, depending on the liquid and the dropperKetorolac is used in eye preparations as

Anti-inflammatoryAntihistamine

Methyldopa a vasodilatorMethyldopa alpha-adrenergic agonist (selective for α2-adrenergic

receptors)Mefenamic acid associated with haemolytic aneamiaMethyldopa associated with haemolytic aneamiaMethadone associated with haemolytic aneamiaVitamin K essential in the formation of Prothrombin Noscapine an antitussive Codeine an antitussiveDiphenhydramine an antitussiveBenzocaine is useful for topical administration onlyIron-dextran The iron preparation given by the intravenous routeCarotenoids precursors for Vitamin AGaviscon recommended for dyspepsia in pregnancyPseudoephedrine / Salbutamol interactions

not used therapeutically

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Glibenclamide 20mg/dayAluoxetine treat psychosisPhenylpropanolamine (PPA) A sympathomimetic often present in OTC appetite

suppressantOpioids have 1. Anti tussive

2. Analgesics3. Pre anaestetics uses.

Levocabastine is AntihistamineMetoprolol used as aprophylaxis for migrainesublingual glyceryl trinitrate’s most common side effect

Throbbing headache

iodine deficiency symptoms 1. Goitre2. Intellectual disability3. Growth retardation

Soluble insulin insulins has the shortest duration of actionVasopressin (ADH) is used Treatment of pituitary diabetes insipidusoral sympathomimetic decongestants should be avoided in patients

Hypertension

Percentage of total body iodine in thyroid glands

90%

Daily saliva secretion is 2 litresNormal serum bilirubin 0.5 - 1 mg %Ovary secretes Oestrogen, Progestrogen and AndrogenThe absence of anti-A and anti-RH agglutinin plasma means

A+ve or AB+ve

Bicarbonate The most important buffer in extracellular fluidsReticulocytosis indicate Increased RBC formationKetosteroids in urine Adrenal and testicular functionAB negative blood can be safely given to a patient of blood group AB

positiveIncrease concentration of bile Function of gall bladderInsulin causes Increase glucose metabolismMajor pathway of excretion of Calcium

Gut

Angiotensin The secretion of aldosterone is controlledspinal cord First relay station of painTestosterone is secreted leydig cellsDopamine[neurotransmitter] controls secretion of prolactinCalcitonin function Decrease level of CalciumInsulin Secreted by beta cells

Causes lipogenesis Promotes glycogenesis

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major pathway or type of biotransformations

1. Deamination 2. Reduction 3. Hydrolysis 4. Conjugation

naturally occurring emulsifier a-Acacia b-Cholesterol c-Gelatined-Tragacanth

Symptoms in digitalis intoxication a-AV block b-Ventricular tachycardia c-Vomiting d-Visual disturbances

propylthiouracil a-It is used for treatment of hyperthyroidism b-It inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormones c-It diminishes peripheral deiodination of T4 and T3 d-It inhibits iodide oxidation

Aminophylline diureticsSpironolactone diureticsBumetanide diureticsChlorthalidone diureticsCodeine’s side effect a-Miosis

b-Diarrhea c-Respiratory depression d-Addiction

Estradiol natural estrogens or congenersEstrone natural estrogens or congenersEthinyl estradiol natural estrogens or congenersEstropipate natural estrogens or congenersEpinephrine is not given orally a-It is inactivated in the gastric mucosa

b-Local vasoconstriction inhibits absorption c-It is rapidly inactivated in circulation

Natural cardiac glycosides Dogoxin Oubain Digitoxin

opiates may be used a-Analgesics b-Antidiarreals c-Aids to anesthesia d-Antitussive

Cascara Sagrada

stimulant laxative

Senna stimulant laxativeCaster oil stimulant laxativeBisacodyl stimulant laxative

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Sympathomimetics action 1. b-Increased heart rate 2. c-Sweat gland stimulation 3. d-Bronchiole dilation 4. e-Systemic blood vessel constriction

propranolol a-The oral route of administration is preferred b-Propranolol penetratesin to the CNS c-Propranolol is primarily biotransformed in the liver d-Propranolol causes rashes and sore throut

proton pump inhibitor a-Pantoprazole b-Rabeprazole c-Lansoprazole d-Omeprazole

Progestins side effect a-Weight gain b-Headache c-Fatigue d-Nausea and vomiting

Bacitarcin is not usually given parenterally because

Nephrotoxicity

Riluzole should not be administered with high fat mealsStavudine should not be administered with high fat mealsCephalosporins acting by exert antimicrobial action by inhibiting cell wall synthesisPenicillin acting by exert antimicrobial action by inhibiting cell wall synthesisBacitracin acting by exert antimicrobial action by inhibiting cell wall synthesisVancomycin acting by exert antimicrobial action by inhibiting cell wall synthesisAmphotericin B act by inhibiting of cell membrane functionColistin act by inhibiting of cell membrane functionNystatin act by inhibiting of cell membrane functionPolymyxins act by inhibiting of cell membrane functionFurosemide diuretics cause potassium lossChlorthalidone diuretics cause potassium lossHydrochlorothiazide diuretics cause potassium lossMetolazole diuretics cause potassium lossMethionine not essential amino acidHypercalcemia does not occur in normal individuals because

Calcium is insoluble

Haemolytic jaundice a-There is increased production of Bilirubin b-Urobilinogin concentration is increased in urine c-Production of Urobilinogin is increased d-None of the above because all are true

Pirbuterol short acting beta-adrenergic agents

Terbutaline short acting beta-adrenergic agentsAlbuterol short acting beta-adrenergic agents

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Hypoglycemia’s possible treatment 1. Candy 2. Glucose 3. Fruit juce 4. Glucagon

captopril Antihypertensive agents has no adverse effect on Glucose tolerance

Otitis media’s(acute) symptompsa-Fever b-Irritability c-Stuff neck d-The child may be as asymptomatic

Otitis media-- Alternative Antibiotics for Otitis media for the child allergic to Penicillin

a-Clindamycin b-Erythromycin c-Erythromycin - Sulfisoxazole d-Trimethoprin - Sulfamethoxazole

Lithium side effects a-Hand tremors b-Headaches c-Muscle weakness d-Polyuria

Digoxin toxicity- treatment of acute Digoxin toxicity

1.lidocaine administration 2. fab fragment antibodies

Anticholinergic drugs - patient complaints associated with Anticholinergic drugs

a-Urinary retention b-Blurred vision c-Constipation d-Dry mouth

iron preparations is available in oral dosage form

Ferrous fumarate Ferrous gluconate Ferrous sulphate Polysaccharide - Iron complex

iron supplementation indicated in Pregnancyiron deficiency symptoms a-Fatigue

b-Dystrophy of nails c-Dysphagia d-Dispnea on exertion

agents would be indicated for a patient with angina

a-Isosorbide b-Nifedipine c-Inderal – Propronolold-Diltiazem

myocardial infarction- symptoms anxietycoughdizzinessfast heart rateheaviness in or across the chestpain in the chest, back, jaw, and other areas of the upper bodyshortness of breathsweating

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vomitingmorphine a.A metabolite of codeine

b.Has specific receptors in the GIT c-May cause vomiting

Antipsychotic depot injection a-Flupenthixol b-Fluphenazine c-Haloperidol Decanoate

Chloral hydrate is a-May cause gastritis b-Can cause tolerance c-Toxicity is much increased by administration of Ethanol

Codeine Anti tussive propertiesPentazocine Pentazocine is more addictive than morphine

Pentazocine may cause hallucinationsPropranolol cant use treat migraine with asthma why?

Beta blockers contraindicated with asthmatic patient by increasing contraction of airway.

Benzodiazepine example a-Alprazolam b-Clobazem c-Chlordiazepoxide

Benzodiazepine statement a-Patients can develop a psychological dependence b-Patients can develop a withdrawal syndrome c-Patients can develop tolerance to the drug

Dopamine tablets cannot be used to treat Parkinson's disease because

Does not cross blood brain barrier

Phenytoin Effective for partial seizuresCarbamazepine Effective for partial seizuresLamotrigine Effective for partial seizuresAmitryptyline causes a-Hypotension in the elderly

b-Sedation c-Constipation

Desmopressin clinical applications are

a-Diabetes Insipidus b-Nocturnal eneuresis c-Post operative poly urea

Clavulanic acid salts have very limited crossing through inflamed meningesTeicoplanin have very limited crossing through inflamed meningesErythromycin have very limited crossing through inflamed meningesChloramphenicol  mainly BacteriostaticsSulphadiazine mainly Bacteriostatics

Tetracycline mainly Bacteriostatics

Treatment Of Acne Erythromycin Clindamycin Tetracycline

Erythromycin Treatment Of AcneClindamycin Treatment Of AcneTetracycline Treatment Of Acne

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Topical and Systemic Antibacterial Preparations

Fucidic acid Tetracycline hcl Gentamycin

Potent, topical corticosteroids USE Chronic Discoid Lupus Erythematosus Lichen simplex chronicus Hypertrophic lichen planus

Acyclovir a-It is a nucleoside antiviral drug b-It is converted to triphosphate and subsequently inhibits synthesis of viral DNA C-It is available topically and orally

Aqueous film coating has the following properties

Gastric fluid resistant

Doxorubicin The treatment of choice for Kaposi's sarcomaButyrophenones Neuroleptics

Trifluoperazine Neuroleptics

Diphenylbutyl piperidines Neuroleptics

Interferon Alpha a-It is a protein b-It is obtained from lymphoblastoid source c-It is an injectable preparation

Tranylcypromine Mono Amine Oxidase Inhibitor's

Phenalazine Mono Amine Oxidase Inhibitor's

Moclobemide Mono Amine Oxidase Inhibitor's

cyproterone acetate Prostate cancer

flutamide Prostate cancer

triptorelin Prostate cancer

Ethyl Alcohol (metabolism) involves all the following pathways

a-Oxidation b-Conversion to acetaldehyde and acetate c-Excreted unchanged through the lungs and kidneys

Azathioprine a-It is immunosuppressant b-It is metabolized in the body to active 6 Mercaptopurine c-It is used to treat body rejection after organ surgical transplant

Cytotic a-Alkylating drugs b-Cytotoxic antibiotics c-Vinca alkaloids

Carbamazepine Antimanic drugBenzodiazepine Antimanic drug

Lithium carbonate Antimanic drug

Naloxone It is a pure antagonist to Morphine It is used in the treatment of Opiate overdose It causes a withdrawal syndrome when given to an opiate dependent subject

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