299

ON SOME PLEISTOCENE OSTRACODA FROMFULHAM.

By FREDERICK CHAPMAN, F.R.M.S.

[Read 6th. March, .896.]

I N a paper entitled" The Pleistocene (non-marine) Mollusca ofthe London District," read before the Geologists' Association

on the 7th of March, 189°,* Mr. B. B. Woodward gave a list ofeleven species of Mollusca from a specimen of clay obtained bythe present writer from the eastern end of Bettridge Road, nearHurlingham, the spot being about 600 yards in a direct line fromthe River Thames. Upon examination, the clay washingsyielded numerous valves of Ostracoda. These have now beenselected and studied; and as the collection may be useful forcomparison with those of other districts, it has been thoughtworth while to bring it before the Association as a sequel to thelist of Mollusca previously mentioned.

The whole of the eight species enumerated are such as in­habit fresh-water streams or muddy and marshy areas.

The material examined also yielded a large number of thenucules (oogonia) of Chara sp., as well as fragments of the stemsof the same plant, often strongly encrusted with calcareous matter.In these respects the clay resembled other well-known Post­pliocene Chara-marls.

The following are the names of the Ostracoda, together withsome of the chief references and brief remarks upon thespecimens:

CYPRIDIDlE.

Erpetocypris reptans (Baird).Candona reptans, Jones, 1856, Monogr. Tert. Entom., p. 16,

pl. I, fig. 7, a-e. Cypris reptans, Brady, 1868, Monogr. Rec,Brit. Ostrac., p. 370, pl. xxv, figs. 10-14; pl. xxxvi, fig. 4.Erpetocypris reptans, Brady and Norman, 1889, Trans. R. DublinSoc., ser, II, vol. iv, p. 84.

Two valves from Pleistocene clay, Fulham.

Candona candida (Muller).C. candida, Jones, 1856, Monogr. Tert. Entom., p. 19, pl. I,

figs. 5, a, b ; 8, a, f Brady and Norman, 1889, Trans. R. DublinSoc, ser. II, vol. iv, p. 98, pl. x, figs. I, 2, 14-23 .

• See Proc, Grot, Assoc., vol. xi, 1889-Qo, p. 341. Mr. Woodward now prefers the word"Holocene" instead of" later (or Neolithic) Pleistocene ,t for this deposit.

MAY, 1896.]

30 0 FREDERICK CH AP:>IAN ON SOME

A few of the examples select ed closely approach the varietytlaviformis'" and Candona elongatat of the last-named authors.

Common, Pleistocene clay, Fulham.

Can dona lactea, Baird.C. lactea, Brady, 1868, Mono gr. Rec. Brit. Ostrac., p. 382,

pl. xxiv, figs. 55-58. C. detecta, Brady, Crosskey, and Robertson,1874, Monogr. Post-tert. Entom., p. 134, pl. I, figs. 7-9. C.lactea,Brady and Norman, 1889, Trans. R. Dublin Soc., ser. II, vol. iv,p. 100.

The two differently-shaped cara paces formerly relegated tothe above separate nam es are now unit ed under one name. Bothof these forms were met with in nearly equ al proporti on in theclay from F ulham, and are very common.

Candona j>ubesce1ls (Koch)Cypris pubescens, Koch, 1837, Deutschlands Crustaceen, etc.,

H. II , p. 5. C. setigera, Jones, 1856, Monogr. Tert. Entom.,p. 12, pl. I , fig. 6 a-d. Canaona compressa, Brady, 1868, Monogr,Rec. Brit. Ostrac., p. 382, pl. xxvi, figs. 22-27. C. pubescens,Brady and Norman, 1889, Trans. R. Du blin Sue., ser, II, vol. iv,p. 101.

T he above form is fairly comm on in the clay from Fulham.T he valves are in some cases sparsely clot hed with the sereecharac teris tic of living examples.

Candona albicans, Brady.C. aloicans, Brady, 1864, Ann. and Mag. Nat. H ist., vol. xiii,

p. 61, pi. iv, figs. 6-10. Brady, Crosskey, and Robertson, 1 874,Mon ogr. Post-tert. Entom., p. 133, pl. I, figs. 10-18.

Thi s form was placed by Brady and Norman in 1889 (op. cit.,p. 1 01 ) in the synon omyof C. p ubescens (Koch), on account ofthe probabi lity of its being the young of that species, or ofC. rostra fa, Brady and Norman. T he spec imens here under dis­cussion show marked variations amon gst themselves, and whilstf orne are no doubt referable to C. pubescens, others are un­doubtedly the young stage of I lyocyp ris gibba (Ra mdohr). Onaccount of its questionable posit ion it is here referred to by theold nam e,

This appears to be the most abundant form amongst theOstracoda from Fulham.

I lyocypris gibba (Ramdohr).Cyprisgibba, Ramdohr, 1808, Magaz. d. Geselich. Naturforsch.

Freunde zu Berlin , II, p. 91, pl. III, figs. 13-11. Jones, 1856,Mon ogr, T ert. Entom., p. 15, pl. I , figs. 3 a-I j woodcut, fig. I,

• Brady and N orman, op. ci t . , p. 99, pI. x, figs. I t 2 .

t lidem, ibid., P, roo, pl. x, fig s. 24, 27.

PLEISTOCENE OSTRACODA FROM FULHAM. 301

p. 16. Brady, Crosskey, and Robertson, 1874, Monogr. Post­tert. Entom., p. 127, pI. xv, figs. 5.6. Ilyocyjm's gibba, Brady andNorman, 1889, Trans. R. Dublin Soc., ser. II, vol, iv, p. 107.

This Ostracod is well-known as a Pliocene, Post-pliocene,and Recent form. It has been assigned by Brady and Normanto the genus I1J'OCJ'pris on account of its peculiar habit ofcrawling upon the surface of the mud.

The specimens from Fulham are exceedingly fine andcharacteristic. -I t has already been noted in this paper thatsome of the valves described under the name of Candona albicansmay be regarded as the young of this species.

CVTHERJD£.

Limnicylhen: inopinata (Baird).. c..vlhere inopinala, Baird, 1850, Brit. Entom., p. 172, tab. xx,

figs. r, 1 a-e. Limnicythere inopinata, Brady, Crosskey, andRobertson, r874, Monogr. Post-tert. Entom., p. 113, pI. x, figs.S 'II ; pI. xxxviii, fig. 9; pI. xxxix, fig. r.. This is a very striking form in its outline and sculpturing. Insome of the specimens the flanges of the posterior and anteriorextremities are flattened out to a large degree, so that they closelyapproach the variety compressa of Brady and Norman."

The species is comm on in the Pleistocene clay from Fulham.

(?) Cylheridea torosa (Jones).Candona lorosa, Jones, r850, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser,

2, vol. vi, p. 27, pI. iii, fig. 6. Cytheridea Mullen' var, torosa,JODes, r856, Manogr. Tert. Entom., p. 42, pI. vi, fig. 12. C.torosa, Dahl, r888, Die Cytheridea der Westlich Ostsee, p. 16,pi, i, fig. 3r, pl. ii, figs. 32-48.

Three small valves occurred in the Pleistocene clay at Fulham,which apparently belong to this species, but as the hingement wassomewhat obscure there may be a slight doubt as to their truegeneric affinities; although one specimen afforded some slightevidence of knurling along the hinge-line.

In concluding these notes , I acknowledge my obligations toto Prof. T. Rupert Jones, F.R.S., for valuable advice.

Trans. R. Dublin Soc., ser, II, vol, iv, , 8B9, p. ' 70, pI. xvii, figs. ,B, '9.