On Meeting Gender Data Needs in Agriculture in the … On Meeting Gender Data Needs in Agriculture...

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On Meeting Gender Data Needs in Agriculture in the Philippines

FAO Sub-Regional Workshop on Sex-Disaggregated Data in Agriculture

and Rural Development for Southeast Asian Countries 13-16 November 2012, Bangkok, Thailand

Prepared by:

MS. MECHELLE M. VIERNES Philippine National Statistical Coordination Board

and

MS. EMERLYN BAES Bureau of Agricultural Statistics

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Outline of the Presentation

1. Introduction

2. Efforts of the Philippine Statistical System (PSS) on the Compilation of Gender Statistics

3. Gender Statistics in Agriculture

4. Women and Men in Agriculture: What the Statistics Says?

5. Data Coherence Challenges

I. Background

Promotion of Gender Concerns in the Philippines:

•Guided by internationally agreed frameworks/commitments,

such as the:

•Beijing Platform for Action

•Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination

Against Women (CEDAW)

•Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

Now widely recognized that,

Efforts aimed at advancing the status of women require timely

and accurate information on the situation of women and men.

In the Philippines,

The Philippine Statistical System (PSS) has institutionalized various

mechanisms to provide the necessary data support to gender-

responsive development.

Framework of Statistical Coordination in the PSS

National Statistical

Coordination Board

National Statistics

Office

Bureau of Labor and

Employment Statistics

Statistical Research

and Training Center

Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas

Bureau of Agricultural

Statistics

produces

general-purpose

statistics

Produces

establishment

- based labor

and

employment

statistics

produces

agricultural

statistics

produces money

and banking

statistics

conducts short-

term courses in

statistics and

researches to

enhance

methodologies,

concepts, etc.

Policy-making

and

coordinating

body

The Decentralized Philippine Statistical System

Major Statistical Agencies

1. NSCB Resolutions enjoining different agencies to promote

gender concerns in the generation of statistics, approving

statistical frameworks on gender and development indicator

systems

2. Official Concepts and Definitions for Statistical Purposes on

the Gender and Development Sector

II. Efforts of the Philippine Statistical System in the Compilation

of Gender Statistics

A. Statistical Policies on Gender Statistics

B. Coordination Mechanisms on Gender Statistics

1. Interagency Committee on Gender Statistics(IACGS)

2. Philippine Statistical Development Plan (PSDP) Chapter on

Statistics on Children and Gender and Development

3. Gender and Development Focal System in the Department of

Agriculture

4. National Convention on Statistics (NCS)

5. National Statistics Month

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C. Regular PSS statistical products and services - (BAS)

3. 1 Agricultural Labor Survey (ALS)

• Presents in tables and analysis on :

• Sex disaggregated wage rates statistics in the

agricultural sector, particularly in the palay, corn,

coconut and sugarcane farms;

• average labor utilization by farm activity and by

source; and

• extent of women’s participation in agriculture

production activities.

II. Efforts of the PSS on the Compilation of Gender Statistics

3. 2 Gender-Based Indicators of Labor and

employment in Agriculture

• Presents in tables and analysis on the sex-

disaggregated labor and employment in agriculture:

-Working Age Population -Employment

-Labor Force Participation -Unemployment

-Visible Underemployment

-Participation in Farming Activities

-Agricultural Wage Rates

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3.3 Statistical Handbook on Women and

Men in the Philippines (WAM) • Presents in tables and figures highlighting the

differences between women and men in the

major areas such as Agriculture, Public Life,

Education, Health and Nutrition and Social

Welfare, among others.

II. Efforts of the PSS on the Compilation of Gender Statistics

3.4 NSCB FactSheet on Women and Men in

the Philippines

• Issued annually by the NSCB in support to the

celebration of Women’s Month in March,

3.5 Online Database GAD indicators

• The GAD online database comprise all GAD

indicators available at the NSCB (specifically

GAD indicators available at the WAM)

(http://www.nscb.gov.ph/gender/index.asp)

C. Regular PSS statistical products and services - (NSCB)

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III. Gender Statistics in Agriculture

Statistical indicator Data

Disaggregation

Source of Data Frequency

of Conduct

Data

Available

Percentage of

agricultural

households or

holdings

By Sex of

Household

Head

By Region

By Province

By Municipality

Census on

Population and

Housing

(CPH)

Every 10

years

2000

Women Beneficiaries

of Agricultural Credit

Through Grameen

Bank Replication

Program

By Sex Agricultural

Credit Policy

Council,

Department of

Agriculture

1995

Recipients of

Extension Services

By Sex Department of

Agriculture

Annual 2009-2011

A. Selected key gender data in agriculture indicators

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Disaggregation

Source of Data Frequency

of Conduct

Data

Available

Distribution of

Households by

agricultural land

ownership

By Sex

By Region

By Province

By Municipality

Census on

Population and

Housing

(CPH)

Every 10

years

2000

Percentage of

Agricultural Operators

By Sex

By Region

By Province

By Municipality

Census on

Agriculture and

Fisheries

(CAF)

Every 10

years

1991,

2002,

(will be

conducte

d again

in 2012) Percentage

Distribution of

Members in

Household with

Agricultural Operators

Engaged in

Agricultural Activities

By Sex

By Type of

Holding

B. Other Gender Data in Agriculture ( Census-based)

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Disaggregation

Source of

Data

Frequency of

Conduct

Data

Available

• Percentage

Distribution of Hired

Workers

National, Regional

By Sex

By term of payment

Agricultural

Labor Survey

(ALS) of the

BAS

Semi-Annual

(selected crops

i.e, palay and

corn)

Annual

(selected crops,

i.e., coconut

and sugarcane)

1974-2011

• Women’s

participation in

farming activities

National

by sex

by farm activity • Labor Utilization

• Nominal/real Wage

rate in agriculture

National, Regional

By sex

• Proportion of

employed workers in

agriculture

National, Regional

By sex

Labor Force

Survey of the

NSO

Quarterly 2006 - Jul

2012

• Proportion of

unemployed workers

in agriculture

• Proportion of visibly

underemployed in

agriculture

B. Other Gender Data in Agriculture ( Survey-based)

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Disaggregation

Source of Data Frequency of

Conduct

Data Available

• Holders of

Emancipation

Patent (EP)

By Sex Department of

Agrarian Reform

(DAR)

Annual 1992-2010

• Holders of

Certificate of

Land Ownership

Agreement

(CLOA)

B. Other Gender Data in Agriculture

( Administrative-based)

IV. Women and Men in Agriculture: What the Statistics Says?

Snapshot : Facts on Men and Women Population: 92,337,852 million

Sex ratio: 102 males per 100 females

Employment:

Proportion of employed workers, by sex, 2011

Male:60.8%

Female:39.2%

Income:

Share of the average annual income by sex of household head, 2009

Male:52.7%

Female:47.3%

Poverty Incidence for the Basic Sectors in 2009:

Fishermen: 35.4%

Farmers: 38.9%

Women: 24.3%

Poor Underemployed:

Agriculture, forestry and hunting: 60.7%

Fishing:7%

Happiness Index, 2010: Women: 62.8%

Men:69.2%


A. Agricultural Operators

Male operators dominated agriculture sector. Of the 4.8 million

agricultural operators, 89 percent are males while only 11 percent are

females.

89%

11%

male

female

Proportion of Agricultural Operators, by Sex :2002

Source: 2002 Census on Agriculture and Fisheries


B. Wage Rates

During the period 2007 to 2011, the average annual wage rate

increases at 4.90% for males and 4.31% for females!

173.6

189.8 195.7 200.7 210.0

166.0 178.9 185.7 188.9

196.3

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Daily nominal wage rate of agricultural workers (in PhP), by sex

Male

Female

Source: Agricultural Labor Survey, BAS

74.4 74.7 74.4 74.3 74.1

25.6 25.3 25.6 25.7 25.9

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Proportion of employed in agriculture

Male Female

C. Employment Status in Agriculture

67.5 68.3 67.5 66.8 66.8

32.5 31.7 32.5 33.2 33.2

-

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Proportion of underemployed in agriculture

Male Female


• The proportion of employed and visibly underemployed female workers in

agriculture continued to increase from 2008 to 2011!

• The trend shows that 7 out of 10 workers in the agriculture comprise of men

while only 3 out of 10 workers were women.

Source: Labor Force Survey, NSO

D. Agricultural Extension Services

• As of October 2012, 46 percent of clientele of agricultural extension

services is female!

54% 46%

Clientele of Agricultural Extension Services: 2012

Male

Female


Source: Agricultural Training Institute, Department of Agriculture

women 14%

men 86%

Proportion of Emancipation Patent Holder, by sex:2011

D. Emancipation Patent and Cert. of Land Ownership Holders

women 33%

men 67%

Proportion of Cert. of Land Ownership Agreement (CLOA)

Holders: 2011

• In 2011, almost 4 out of 10 Certificate of Land Ownership Agreement Holders

were women while only 2 out of 10 women are emancipation patent holder !


Source: Department of Agricultural Reform

A. Development Efforts in the generation of sex-disaggregated

data in the Agriculture Sector

IV. Data (Coherence) Challenges

REGISTRY SYSTEM FOR BASIC SECTORS IN AGRICULTURE (RSBSA)

-electronic compilation of basic information on farmers, farm laborers

and fishermen

-The RSBSA was established to achieve the following objectives:

• to gather demographic and socio-economic characteristics of

the farmers, farm laborers and fisherman, selected

characteristics of the farm

• to provide information on the main purpose for farming and/or

fishing activity is for household consumption or for sale

• to provide data on selected characteristics of the fishing activity

and type of aquafarm





Scope of the RSBSA

• Profile of the Farmer, Farm laborer and Fisherman

• Name of Farmer/Farm Laborer

•Sex

•Age

•Birthdate

•Marital Status

•Highest educational attainment

•Whether with other sources of income

•Membership in Agriculture/Fisheries Organization

•Whether the household is a beneficiary of the CCT, among others





•Additional Information

• Type of Agricultural Worker and Activity

•Kind of Work as Farm Laborer

•Work with or without pay in the Farm and form of payment

•Farm Parcel

•Number of Parcels and Physical Areas

•Tenurial Status and Proof of Ownership

•Location and main use

•Irrigated/Rainfed

•Main purpose for growing crops, among others

Coverage of the RSBSA

•All barangays including highly urbanized cities in the provinces




Status of the Implementation of RSBSA

• The 1st batch of the registration activity was completed in January

2012, covering 20 provinces out of 79

•The 2nd batch will be undertaken from October to November 2012 covering the rest of the provinces

1. Data gaps – Need for improved timeliness, regular, relevant and

lower disaggregated gender and agriculture statistics for

monitoring

2. Need to refine methodologies on the measurement of the

contribution of women

3. Harmonization of data from different sources within the national

statistical system (e.g. PhilFSIS in collaboration with FAO)

4. Users should recognize the benefits from the generation of

statistics and it will be helpful if they are able to demonstrate actual policy uses of statistics.

5. Need for planners and data users to better appreciate, analyze

and translate gender statistics into programs, policy actions and

interventions.

6. Need for statistical capacity building of the producers, users and

the providers of statistics.


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Maraming Salamat Po!

URL: http://www.nscb.gov.ph

http://www.bas.gov.ph

On Meeting Gender Data Needs in Agriculture in the … On Meeting Gender Data Needs in Agriculture...

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