On False Memories : Cognitive Illusions Brian Bruce Runqiu Cai Brian DeAngelis Jason Kimmel Phoebe...
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Transcript of On False Memories : Cognitive Illusions Brian Bruce Runqiu Cai Brian DeAngelis Jason Kimmel Phoebe...
![Page 1: On False Memories : Cognitive Illusions Brian Bruce Runqiu Cai Brian DeAngelis Jason Kimmel Phoebe Kuo Neil Parikh Soha Shah Nathaniel Stornetta Adam Tourgee.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfe41a28abf838cb5612/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
On False Memories: Cognitive
IllusionsBrian BruceRunqiu Cai
Brian DeAngelisJason KimmelPhoebe KuoNeil ParikhSoha Shah
Nathaniel StornettaAdam Tourgee
Julia XuSean YeagerAlex Young
![Page 2: On False Memories : Cognitive Illusions Brian Bruce Runqiu Cai Brian DeAngelis Jason Kimmel Phoebe Kuo Neil Parikh Soha Shah Nathaniel Stornetta Adam Tourgee.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfe41a28abf838cb5612/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Memory
•Intrinsic and essential element of human life
•Imperfect–Errors of omission–Errors of comission (false memory)
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Deese (1959)
•Word List•Thimble, haystack, pointy, sharp, thread, pin, eye, sewing, prick
•Key word needle unmentioned, but subjects falsely recalled it
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Roediger, Meade Bergman (2001)
•Confederate social influence
•“Social Contagion”•Remembered items in a scene which weren’t there
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Big Five•Social/Reserved•Limbic/Calm•Organized/Unstructured •Accommodating/Egotistical
•Non-curious/Inquisitive
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Ward and Loftus (1985)
•Eyewitness accounts•Introverted subjects more susceptible to misinformation
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QUESTION: What is the effect of extroversion on the susceptibility to false
memory with a factor of social influence from a confederate in a group
setting?
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HYPOTHESIS: The degree of social contagion will be
greater among introverts than among groups
composed of extroverts
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Methods (Design)
•False Memory Susceptibility–Introvert vs. Extrovert–Mixed Group vs. Like-Minded Group
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Methods (Participants)
• 67 Governor’s School Students
• Six Groups–Two Introvert Groups–Two Extrovert Groups–Two Mixed (Controls)
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Methods (Procedure)
•Distribute personality tests
•Make groups•Instruct Confederates•Experiment
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• Chronology of Experiment:–Consent form–Magic trick–2-minute filler test–8-minute discussion–5-minute filler test–5-minute memory implantation test
–De-briefing
Methods (Procedure)
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Discussion Sessions
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The Results
•Personality Test
Average Personality Type:S C O X I
Social – Calm – Organized – X - Inquisitive
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The Results
•Range–Very diverse group, ranged from Low (7) to High (35)
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The Results
•Reasoning Tests–Overall, Governor’s School students scored significantly higher
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Results and Speculation
s•We got social contagion!
–28% of the implanted items were falsely remembered
–62% had at least one false memory
•No difference between extroverts and introverts (contrary to Ward and Loftus)
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The mixed groups were much less susceptible to false memory
implantation than the like-minded groups.Comparison of like-minded and mixed groups
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
not mentioned correct FALSE
Type of question
like-minded
mixed
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Limitations and
Qualifications•Gov. School students•Slanted SLOAN tests•Random chance/uncontrollable variables
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The Future
•Further applications•Future research
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Acknowledgements
Docta DEE, Ph.D. (Professa P-Diddy)
Paul Quinn (Superman)Jen Sissman
Dr. MIYAMOTO-SANDoc Surace (Uncle Loser)
Test Participants (except those who forgot to show up)
Thank you for all your help!
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Thank You
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Rollin’ with Dolan: Cognitive Illusions
Brian BruceRunqiu Cai
Brian DeAngelisJason KimmelPhoebe KuoNeil ParikhSoha Shah
Nathaniel StornettaAdam Tourgee
Julia XuSean YeagerAlex Young
![Page 24: On False Memories : Cognitive Illusions Brian Bruce Runqiu Cai Brian DeAngelis Jason Kimmel Phoebe Kuo Neil Parikh Soha Shah Nathaniel Stornetta Adam Tourgee.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfe41a28abf838cb5612/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: On False Memories : Cognitive Illusions Brian Bruce Runqiu Cai Brian DeAngelis Jason Kimmel Phoebe Kuo Neil Parikh Soha Shah Nathaniel Stornetta Adam Tourgee.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfe41a28abf838cb5612/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The Results• Linda Reasoning Test
Linda is 31 years old, single, outspoken and very bright. At university she studied philosophy. As a student she was deeply concerned with issues of discrimination and social justice and also participated in anti-war demonstrations. ___ Linda is a bank teller ___ Linda is active in the feminist movement ___ Linda is active in the feminist movement and is a bank teller
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The Results• Linda Reasoning Test
The Right Answer
Why?
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The Results• Linda Reasoning Test
On average, less than 15% of people get this question right when tested in large groups.
42% of the 67 students tested got this question right!
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The Results• Chain Test
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The Results• Chain Test
IT’S NOT IMPOSSIBLE!
~Unlink all of the chains in any line and use them as connectors to link the rest!
To unhook the 3 = $.06 and to link them back, $.09 = $.15
![Page 30: On False Memories : Cognitive Illusions Brian Bruce Runqiu Cai Brian DeAngelis Jason Kimmel Phoebe Kuo Neil Parikh Soha Shah Nathaniel Stornetta Adam Tourgee.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfe41a28abf838cb5612/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
The Results• Chain Test
~Governor’s School students did much better!
~9% of students got it correctly in just 5 minutes
In a study, people were given 30 minutes to answer it and just ~50% got it right!