OLYMPIC GAMES OF OLYMPIC GAMES OF ANCIENT GREECEANCIENT GREECE

886 b. c. till 392 a. d.

• www.portalplanetasedna.com.ar/juegos_olimpicos.htm

Olympic Games of ancient GreeceOlympic Games of ancient Greece

They date back to some 3000 They date back to some 3000 years ago, in Greece, when years ago, in Greece, when sport competitions were sport competitions were organized. They were a organized. They were a mixture of sport, culture and mixture of sport, culture and religion. Olympia was one of religion. Olympia was one of the cities where these games the cities where these games took place, hence the modern took place, hence the modern name, Olimpiads.name, Olimpiads.

In Greece the army had an In Greece the army had an important role, they were important role, they were almost all the time at war. The almost all the time at war. The practice of physical exercise practice of physical exercise was very important for that was very important for that reason. This made very easy reason. This made very easy to create the games.to create the games.

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/kids/2004/08/olympics.html

MYTHOLOGICAL ORIGINMYTHOLOGICAL ORIGIN There are some theories There are some theories

over this origin, one of over this origin, one of them is that Zeus was them is that Zeus was who created the who created the olimpiads to celebrate his olimpiads to celebrate his victory over the Titans. victory over the Titans. This is the religious This is the religious conection with the cult to conection with the cult to the god Zeus in the the god Zeus in the games at Olimpia (king of games at Olimpia (king of Gods). Gods).

In other games the cults In other games the cults are to different Gods.are to different Gods.

Poseidon(God of the sea)

CorintoItmicos

Heracles (God of the strengh)

NemeaNemeos

Apolo (God of the light and

mind)

DelfosPiticos

GodsPlaceGames

• www.umich.edu/~iinet/iisite/outreach/Greece.htm

POSSIBLE REAL ORIGINPOSSIBLE REAL ORIGIN In the X and IX b.c. there were In the X and IX b.c. there were

some summer games that some summer games that peasants celebrated every four peasants celebrated every four years. years.

In 884 b.c.three cities (Elis, In 884 b.c.three cities (Elis, Sparta and Pisa) who agreed a Sparta and Pisa) who agreed a peace treaty to celebrate the peace treaty to celebrate the games. At that time, both games. At that time, both athletes and pilgrims were athletes and pilgrims were untouchable. That peace was untouchable. That peace was called olimpic peace or called olimpic peace or EkecheiriaEkecheiria. .

In 776 b.c. we have the first In 776 b.c. we have the first news of an olympic winners’ news of an olympic winners’ list. The first one was called r list. The first one was called r KoribosKoribos from from ElideElide

www.osmosis.com.au/broadcast/olympia_01.htm

PARTICIPATION AT THE PARTICIPATION AT THE OLYMPIC GAMESOLYMPIC GAMES

At first only the nobles could At first only the nobles could participate. Later, everybody participate. Later, everybody could take part.could take part.

You had to be 20 to You had to be 20 to participate. participate.

First they wore a kind of tunic; First they wore a kind of tunic; afterwards their naked body afterwards their naked body was their only garment. was their only garment.

Every city chose their Every city chose their representatives, who spent six representatives, who spent six months training at Elis, a city months training at Elis, a city near Olimpia. There they near Olimpia. There they chose the athletes who chose the athletes who competed at the games. competed at the games.

The selection was made by The selection was made by their good physical proportions their good physical proportions and techniques (beauty of and techniques (beauty of gestures) because Greek gestures) because Greek culture was not interested in culture was not interested in records but beauty and records but beauty and plasticity in movements. plasticity in movements.

Something has to be clear: Something has to be clear: they did not compete just to they did not compete just to win but for their city and family win but for their city and family honour. Winners were revered honour. Winners were revered for life and cheaters had their for life and cheaters had their family names stuck at the city family names stuck at the city entrance to discredit that entrance to discredit that surname.surname.

Women at the Olympic gamesWomen at the Olympic games Women could not watch, under death Women could not watch, under death

penalty, the games. So, some special penalty, the games. So, some special games were created in honour of games were created in honour of HeraHera, a , a goddess. They ran around the stadium, goddess. They ran around the stadium, but a shorter run than menbut a shorter run than men

There is only one exception, the There is only one exception, the priestess of goddess Demeter, this was priestess of goddess Demeter, this was very demanded by the nobles of the time.very demanded by the nobles of the time.

Only virgin women could take part and Only virgin women could take part and they did it barefooted, their hair loose they did it barefooted, their hair loose and a short skirt above their knees.and a short skirt above their knees.

In the year 396 a.d. the first woman took In the year 396 a.d. the first woman took part in men’s games, she was the part in men’s games, she was the princess princess KiniskaKiniska from Sparta riding a from Sparta riding a horse.horse.

http://www.fmujeresprogresistas.org/Documentos/Mujer%20y%20Deporte.%20Retos%20para%20beijing%202008.pdf

PRUEBAS OLIMPICASPRUEBAS OLIMPICAS1. JUMP2. JAVALIN HURLING3. DISC HURLING4. RUNNING( un estadio=

192,27 m, dos estadios, 24 estadios)

5. WRESTLING (lucha, pugilato, pancracio)

6. HORSE TEST Carrera de carros( bigas y cuadrigas) Equitación (muchas modalidades).

www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ancientgreece/classics/olympics/flashmovie.shtml

OLYMPIC PROGRAMME 472 b.c.OLYMPIC PROGRAMME 472 b.c. There were not five days at There were not five days at

first; they began with one day first; they began with one day run. run.

1st day : opening act with a 1st day : opening act with a religious character to present religious character to present the athletes to the public.the athletes to the public.

2nd day: devoted to the Gods, 2nd day: devoted to the Gods, with a solemn night procession with a solemn night procession and a banquet for the athletes.and a banquet for the athletes.

3rd day: pentathlon and horse 3rd day: pentathlon and horse riding.riding.

4th day: athletics, boxing, 4th day: athletics, boxing, wrestling and pankratio.wrestling and pankratio.

5th day: proclamation of the 5th day: proclamation of the winner, presenting prizes, winner, presenting prizes, religious act and a banquet of religious act and a banquet of the organizers and athletesthe organizers and athletes. .

• rashomon.blogspot.com/2004/08/olympics.html

List of emblems of the Ancient and List of emblems of the Ancient and new Olympic gamesnew Olympic games

• The Olympic ceremony: The athletes’ parade, remembering the walk from Elis to Olympia,accompanied by the organizers of the games.

• Flag: It is meant to remember the olympic peace with nowadays symbol of the five continents linked in the olympic rings.

• Fire: The offerings to the God Zeus, hence the Olympic torch.

• Oath: Like the one the athletes made with the organizers in front of the statue of the God Zeus.

• Trophies: The olive crown (gathered by a child in the holy olive trees of Olympia)

http://www.madridolimpico.net/historia-de-los-juegos-olimpicos/juegos-olimpicos-modernos.php