Ole Skeltved 3 Marts 08

MAN B&W Diesel

Gas as fuel for propulsion of ships

Conference - 3 March 2008

[current topic]

Ole Skeltved

Head of Marine Installation Department

Marine Low Speed, Engineering

MAN Diesel A/S 23335189.2007.10.08 (LEE4/BGJ)

Propulsion Trends

in LNG Carriers

MAN Diesel A/S 3

Characteristics of liquefied gases

Most liquefied gases are hydrocarbons, and are flammable in nature

Main groups of liquefied gases

A variety of petrochemical gases

LPG (Liquefied Petrol Gas) butane and/or propane (bottled cooking gas)

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) mostly methane

Form of LNG at transportation

LNG is always transported at atmospheric pressure, i.e. in liquefied format its boiling point (-163C)

The volume is reduced 600 times in liquid form

The density is approximately 450 kg/m3 (45% of water)

LNG is refrigerated by means of its boil-off gas

LNG Carriers

3335190.2007.10.23 (LEE4/BGJ)

MAN Diesel A/S 4

Requirements to LNG carriers

Double-hull concept including bottom areas

Cargo tanks are not to be a part of the ships structure

Cargo containment system (tanks installed separately in the ships holds)

Types of cargo containment systems

Structural prismatic type (self-supporting) uncommon today

Spherical (Moss) type (self-supporting)

Membrane type (supported by the ships hull)

LNG Carriers

3335197.2007.10.23 (LEE4/BGJ)

MAN Diesel A/S 5

History of LNG carriers

First LNG carrier: 150 m3 Suehiro Maru No. 8 from 1962 (scrapped in 1983)with four-stroke diesel engine

Second LNG carrier: 27,400 m3 Methane Princess from 1964 (scrapped in 1998)with steam turbine

First membrane type in 1969

First spherical (Moss) in 1971

LNG carrier investigationsBased on information from

Lloyds Register Fairplays PC-Register

Ships built or contracted between 1997-2007 or earlier

LNG Carriers

3335200.2007.10.23 (LEE4/BGJ)


Examples on Equal Sized LNG Carriers

Based on the Membrane and the Spherical

(Moss) Types

138,000 m3 LNG carrier of the membrane type

138,000 m3 LNG carrier of the spherical (Moss) type


Distribution In Containment Systems

of LNG Fleet

Number ofLNG carriersin %

Moss

Containment system

0

10

30

Membrane

20

Others

40

Existing LNG fleet239 ships - 31 July 2007

Ref.: LNG World Shipping JournalSeptember/October 2007

50

80

60

70

Containment system

Moss MembraneOthers

7

3%

100

42%

132

55%

4

3%

23

17%

109

80%LNG carriers on order136 ships - 31 July 2007


LNG Classes

LNG carrier classes Dimensions Ship size - LNG capacity

Small up to 90,000 m3

B: up to 40 m

LOA

: up to 250 m

Small Conventional 120,000 - 149,999 m3

B: 41 - 49 m

LOA

: 270 - 298 m

Large Conventional Tdes

: up to 12.0 m 150,000 - 180,000 m3

B: 43 - 46 m

LOA

: 285 - 295 m

Q-flex Tdes

: up to 12.0 m 200,000 - 220,000 m3

B: approx. 50 m

LOA

: approx. 315 m

Q-max Tdes

: up to 12.0 m more than 260,000 m3

B: 53 - 55 m

LOA

: approx. 345 m

Examples of special LNG carrier sub-classes:

Med-max (Mediterranean maximum size) about 75,000 m3

Atlantic-max (Atlantic sea maximum size) about 165,000 m3


Distribution of Existing LNG Carriers in

Service (Number of Ships)


Distribution of LNG Carriers on Order

(Number of Ships)


Year of Delivery of LNG Carriers

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Q-max

Q-flex

Large Conventional

Small Conventional

Small

Number of LNG

carriers deliveredLNG carrier fleet 31 July 2007

Ref.: Lloyds Register - Fairplays PC-Register

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Year of delivery


Average Size of LNG Carriers Delivered

75,000

100,000

125,000

150,000

175,000

200,000

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Average of the

2007 fleet

Average size of ship,

LNG capacity

Year of delivery

LNG carrier fleet 31 July 2007

Ref.: Lloyds Register - Fairplays PC-Register

m3


Distribution of Propulsion Systems

of LNG Fleet on Order

Number of

LNG carriers

on order, in %

Two-strokediesel and

reliquefaction

0

10

30

Diesel-electric

20

Steamturbine

40

LNG carriers on order

136 ships - 31 July 2007

Ref.: LNG World Shipping Journal

September/October 200750

55

40%

45

33%

35

26%

11%

Others


Distribution of Propulsion Systems

of LNG Fleet in Year of Delivery

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Two-stroke diesel

Diesel-Electric

Steam turbine

Number of

ships per year

Year of delivery

2010

LNG carrier fleet

Delivered or on order 31 July 2007


Average Hull Design Factor of

LNG Carriers (Membrane Type)

Average hulldesign factor, F

des

250,00050,000

Size of ship, LNG capacity

0100,0000 m3150,000 200,000 300,000

0.1

0.2

0.3

1.5

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

Main ship particulars

Lpp

: Length between perpendiculars (m)B : Breadth (m)D

scant : Scantling draught (m)

Q : LNG capacity (m3)F

des : Average hull design factor

Fdes

= Lpp

x B x Dscant

/Q


Average Length Between Perpendiculars of

LNG Carriers, Moss and Membrane Types

Small

Q-max

SmallConventional

LargeConventional

Q-flex

Average Length Between Perpendiculars of LNG CarriersMoss and Membrane Types

m

Length betweenperpendiculars

250,00050,000Size of ship, LNG capacity

0

200

100,000

100

0 m3150,000

300

400

Spher

ical (M

oss)

200,000 300,000

Membran

e


Average Ship Breadth (Beam) of LNG Carriers

Moss and Membrane Types

mBreadth


0100,0000 m3150,000

Spher

ical (M

oss)

200,000 300,000

Membran

e

10

20

30

40

50

60

Small

Q-max

SmallConventional

LargeConventional Q-flex

Average Ship Breadth (Beam) of LNG CarriersMoss and Membrane Types


Average Design Draught of LNG Carriers

Moss and Membrane Types

Small

Q-max

SmallConventional


Average Design Draught of LNG CarriersMoss and Membrane Types

mDesign draught


0100,000

1

0 m3150,000

Sphe

rical

(Mos

s)

200,000 300,000

Memb

rane

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14


Average Design Ship Speed of

LNG Carriers

Small

Q-max

SmallConventional


knots

Average designship speed

250,00050,000


10100,0000 m3150,000 200,000 300,000

12

14

16

18

20

22

Average Design Ship Speed of LNG Carriers

MAN Diesel A/S 20

Ship Particulars and

Propulsion SMCR Power Demand,

LNG Capacity 19,000 138,000 m3, Single-screw

3335076.2007.09.20 (LEE4/BGJ)

Membrane Type Small Small Small

Single-Screw (Med-max) Conventional

Ship size, LNG capacity m3 19,000 75,000 138,000

Scantling draught

Length overallLength between ppBreadthDesigndraughtSea marginEnginemargin

Average design ship speedSMCR power kW

Main engineoptions

Average design ship speed - 0.5 kn KnotsSMCR powerMain engine options

KnotsSMCR powerMain engineoptions

m 7.1 10.6 12.0m 130.0 220.0 276.0m 124.0 210.0 263.0m 25.6 35.0 43.4m 6.5 9.7 11.3% 15 15 15% 10 10 10

Knots 15.0 17.5 19.55,300 14,200 28,000

1. 5S40ME-B9 6S60ME-C7 6K80ME-C92. 5S42MC7 5L70ME-C7 6K90ME-C63. 6S35ME-B9 5S65ME-C8 8L70ME-C84. 8S70ME-C8

1. 5S40ME-B9 6S60ME-C8 7K80ME-C92. 5S42MC7 7S60ME-C7 6K90ME-C93. 7S35ME-B9 5L70ME-C7 8K80ME-C64. 5S65ME-C8 6K90ME9

14.5 17.0 19.0kW 4,600 12,800 25,500

1. 6S40ME-B9 7S60ME-C7 7K80ME-C92. 6S42MC7 5L70ME-C8 6K90ME-C93. 8S35ME-B9 6L70ME-C7 7K90ME-C64. 6S65ME-C8 6K90ME9

15.5 18.0 20.0KW 6,150 15,900 30,800

Average design ship speed + 0.5 kn

MAN Diesel A/S 21


Propulsion SMCR Power Demand,

LNG Capacity 150,000 265,000 m3, Single-screw

3335077.2007.09.20 (LEE4/BGJ)

Membrane Type Large Q-flex Q-max

Single-Screw Conventional


Scantling draught

Length overallLength between ppBreadthDesign draughtSea marginEnginemargin

Average design ship speedSMCR power

Main engineoptions



m 12.3 12.7 12.7m 288.0 315.0 345.0m 275.0 303.0 332.0m 44.2 50.0 54.0m 11.6 12.0 12.0% 15 15 15% 10 10 10

Knots 20.0 20.0 20.0kW 31,400 39,300 45,200

1. 6K90ME9 7K90ME9 8K90ME92. 6K98ME7 7K98ME73. 8K98ME64.


19.5 19.5 19.5kW 28,500 35,700 41,100


20.5 20.5 20.5kW 34,300 43,200 49,600

Average design ship speed - 0.5 kn


All above ME engines can also be delivered in ME-GI version (gas injected)



Propulsion SMCR Power Demand, LNG Capacity

150,000 265,000 m3, Twin-skeg/Twin-screw

Membrane Type Large Q-flex Q-max

Twin-Screw Conventional


Scantling draught

Length overallLength between ppBreadthDesign draughtSea marginEnginemargin

Average design ship speedSMCR powerMain engineoptions



m 12.3 12.7 12.7m 288.0 315.0 345.0m 275.0 303.0 332.0m 44.2 50.0 54.0m 11.6 12.0 12.0% 15 15 15% 10 10 10

Knots 20.0 20.0 20.0kW 2x14,900 2x18,300 2x20,800

1. 2x5S70ME-C7 2x6S70ME-C7 2x6S70ME-C82. 2x5S65ME-C8 2x6S65ME-C8 2x7S65ME-C83.4.

1. 2x5S70ME-C7 2x6S70ME-C7 2x7S70ME-C72. 2x6S65ME-C8 2x7S65ME-C8 2x8S65ME-C83.4.

19.5 19.5 19.5kW 2x13,600 2x16,700 2x19,000

1. 2x5S70ME-C8 2x7S70ME-C7 2x7S70ME-C82. 2x6S70ME-C7 2x7S65ME-C8 2x8S65ME-C83. 2x6S65ME-C84.

20.5 20.5 20.5kW 2x16,300 2x20,100 2x22,800

Average design ship speed - 0.5 kn

All above ME engines can also be delivered in ME-GI version (gas injected)



Propulsion SMCR Power Demand of an

Average LNG Carrier (Membrane type)

Small and Small Conventional - Single Screw

kW

SMCR power

150,00050,000


0

10,000

30,000

100,000

20,000

0 m3

40,000

21.0 kn

20.5 kn

20.0 kn

19.5 kn

19.0 kn

18.5 kn

18.0 kn

17.5 kn

17.0 kn

16.5 kn

16.0 kn

15.5 kn

15.0 kn14.5 kn

14.0 kn

Avera

ge de

sign

ship

spee

d

7K90ME9/ME-C9

8K80ME-C9

6K90ME9/ME-C9

7K80ME-C9

6K80ME-C98S70ME-C8

7S70ME-C86K80ME-C6

6S65ME-C8

5S65ME-C8

8L70ME-C8

7L70ME-C8

6L70ME-C8

7S60ME-C8

Small

Small

Conventional

5L70ME-C7

6S60ME-C8

5S60ME-C7

7S40ME-B9

6S40ME-B9

5S40ME-B9

Including:15% sea margin10% engine margin

5S35ME-B9


Propulsion SMCR Power Demand of an Average

LNG Carrier (Membrane Type)

Large Conventional, Q-flex and Q-max - Single Screw

kWSMCR power


0

10,000

30,000

200,000

20,000

100,000 m3

40,000

All above engines canalso be delivered in ME-GIversion (gas injected)

21.0 kn

10K98ME7


250,000

60,000

50,000

70,000

Average de

sign ship sp

eed

20.5 kn

20.0 kn

19.0 kn

9K98ME7

8K98ME7

7K98ME7

7K98ME6

6K98ME6

9K90ME9

8K90ME9

7K90ME9

6K90ME9

7K80ME-C9

5K90ME9

8S70ME-C8

7S70ME-C8

LargeConventional

Q-flex

Q-max

19.5 kn


Propulsion SMCR Power Demand of an Average

LNG Carrier (Membrane Type)

Large Conventional, Q-flex and Q-max - Twin Screw

kWTotal SMCR power

300,000150,000


0

10,000

30,000

200,000

20,000

100,000 m3

40,000

All above engines can

also be delivered in ME-GI

version (gas injected)


250,000

50,000

60,000

Average de

sign ship sp

eed

2 x 8S70ME-C8LargeConventional

Q-flex

Q-max

2 x 8S70ME-C7

2 x 8S65ME-C82 x 7S70ME-C82 x 7S70ME-C7

2 x 7S65ME-C82 x 6S70ME-C8

2 x 5S70ME-C82 x 5S70ME-C7

2 x 5S65ME-C8

21.0 kn

20.5 kn

20.0 kn

19.5 kn

19.0 kn2 x 6S70ME-C7

2 x 6S65ME-C8

MAN Diesel A/S

Single and twin skeg comparison

Hydrodynamics

Self propulsion test results

Comparison of required power

Single and twin skeg aft-body models

9%

Information given by DSME

MAN Diesel A/S 27

LNG Carriers

Single-Engine with FPP

2006/09/013334452.2006.10.04 (2160/NBC)

Main Engine

PSC Clutch

Generator/motor

GenSet

GenSet

GenSet

GenSet

FPP

MAN Diesel A/S 28

LNG Carriers

Twin-Engines with FPP

2006/09/01

PSC Clutch

FPP

3334450.2006.10.04 (2160/NBC)

MAN Diesel A/S 29

LNG Carriers

Twin-Engines with CPP

2006/09/01

CPP

3334449.2006.10.04 (2160/NBC)

MAN Diesel A/S

Twin Engine Configuration

3332880 .2005.05.23 (Dept/Init)

Clutcher

Shaft locking

device

Ole Skeltved 3 Marts 08

Documents

Transcript of Ole Skeltved 3 Marts 08