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Oil & Gas

ProductionGlossary

Abandonment / Decommissioning

Process of dismantling wellhead,production and

transportation facilities and restoration of depleted

producing areas in accordance with licence

requirements and /or legislation.

Acid stimulation

Form of hydrochloric acid is pumped down well hole to

enlarge pore space in oil bearing rocks to increase flow

and recovery.

Acoustic log

Record of time taken by a sound wave to travel over a

certain distance through geological formations.

Air injection

An enhanced recovery technique in which air is inected

into hydrocarbon formation to increase reservoir

pressure.

Annulus

Artificial lift

Any techniques, other than natural drives, for bringing

oil to surface.

Blow-down

!ondensateand gasproduced simultaneously from

outset of production.

Casing perforation

"oles made in linerof a finished well to allowhydrocarbonsto flow intoproduction tube.

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Catodic protection

#ethod used to minimise rate of electrochemical

corrosion of structures, for e$ample, installations

offshore, pipelines and storage tanks.

Cristmas tree

%ranching series of pipes, gauges and valves on top end

of each production well to control flow of oil or gas.

Closed-in

&escriptive of a well that is capable of producing, but is

not currently producing.

Coiled tubing

'sed to carry production equipment to bottom of well.

Commingling

Producing oil and gas from two or more reservoirsat

different depths, or where product of two or more fields

is transported via a commonpipeline.

Delineation well

&rilled at a distance from a discovery wellto determine

physical e$tent, reserves and likely production rate of a

new oil or gas field.

De!iated well

"ori(ontal welldrilled at an angle )over *+ degrees to

vertical.

De!elopment

Phase on which a proven oil or gas fieldis brought into

production by drilling production )development wells.

De!elopment well

A production well drilled with intent of producing oil or

gas from aprovenfield.

Downstream

Dual Completion

A well completed to produce from two separate

reservoirs.

"nanced reac

&eviated wells)over - degrees from vertical and

reach out hori(ontally more than twice vertical depth.

#ield

http://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pipelinehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/EXPLOR~1.HTM#Discovery%20wellhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/EXPLOR~1.HTM#Discovery%20wellhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Fieldhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Horizontal%20wellshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Fieldhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Dev%20Wellhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reserves%20Provenhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/GLOS-D.HTM#Downstreamhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Deviated%20wellhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pipelinehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/EXPLOR~1.HTM#Discovery%20wellhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Fieldhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Horizontal%20wellshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Fieldhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Dev%20Wellhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reserves%20Provenhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/GLOS-D.HTM#Downstreamhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Deviated%20well

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eographical area under which an oil or gas reservoir

lies.

#ield $omenclature

Field ceased production )F!P

Field under development )F'&Field in production )F0P

#laring and !enting

Flaring is burning of hydrocarbon gases for commercial

or technical reasons. 1enting is release of gases to

atmosphere.

#lare %tac

2teel structure on an offshore installation or at a

processing facility from which gas is flared.

Gas Cap0n fieldcontaining both gas and oil, some gas will often

collect at top of reservoirin a single deposit.

Gas/Condensate field

Reservoircontaining both natural gasand oil, with

greater proportion of gas. !ondensate appears when gas

in drawn from well, and its temperature and pressure

change sufficiently for some of it to became liquid

petroleum.

Gas field

Fieldcontaining natural gas, but no oil.

Gas gatering system

!entral collection point for offshore gas fields.

Production is thenpipedto central processing system

onshore.

Gas 'njection (G')

Associated gasis pumped back into a reservoir to

maintain reservoirpressure. 0n this way rate ofproduction of crude oilalso can be increased.

Gas lift

as from same or nearby fieldis mi$ed with oilin

tubingto lessen weight of liquid column.

Gas Oil *atio (GO*)

Gas Processing

2eparation of oil and gas, and removal of impurities and

34sfrom natural gas.

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Gas +reatment

Removal of impurities, condensate,hydrogen sulphide

and34sfrom natural gas.

Gra!ity %tructures

5ither concrete or hybrid )concrete base and steel legsand superstructure structures that due to weight rest on

seabed orpiledinto it.

,oriontal well

'sed when reservoirpermeabilityis low or

hydrocarbonsare being produced from vertical fractures

in rock.

.acet

2upporting )concrete base or steel legs structure for an

offshore installation.

arine *iser

Pipe connecting offshore installation to a subsea

wellheadorpipelinefor drilling or production purposes.

odule

2elf6contained bo$ or package built with a specific

purpose )for e$ample, well head, oil and gas separation,

gas compression, platform power generation, mud,

storage, diesel, filter and e$haust located on production

installations.

ultilateral well

#ore than one hori(ontalsection drilled in one well.

'sed to ma$imise number of wells that can be drilled

from small installations.

Odorant

2ubstance )for e$ample mercaptan added to odourless

natural gasor34s to enable detection.

Offsore Oil 0oading $omenclature

2ingle buoy mooring )2%#

2ingle point mooring )2P#

5$posed location single buoy mooring )542%#

2par

5nables offshore loading with vessel swinging to

present least resistance to prevailing wind or current

conditions.

Oil in Place (O'P)

5stimation of real amount of oil in a reservoir. "ighervalue than recoverable reservesof reservoir.

http://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Condensatehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Condensatehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#NGLhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Natural%20Gashttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pilinghttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/GEOLOGY.HTM#Permeablehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/GLOS-W.HTM#Wellheadhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/GLOS-W.HTM#Wellheadhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pipelinehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Horizontal%20wellshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Mercaptanshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Natural%20Gashttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Natural%20Gashttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#NGLhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Recovery%20Factorhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Condensatehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#NGLhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Natural%20Gashttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pilinghttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/GEOLOGY.HTM#Permeablehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/GLOS-W.HTM#Wellheadhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pipelinehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Horizontal%20wellshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Mercaptanshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Natural%20Gashttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#NGLhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Recovery%20Factor

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Pig

&evice for cleaning apipelineor separating two liquids

being moved down pipeline. )0ntelligent pig 6 fitted with

sensors to check for corrosion or defects in pipelines.

Piling

4ong steel piles driven into the seabed to anchor fi$ed

offshore structures solidly in place.

Pipeline

A pipe through which natural gas,crude oilor

petroleum products are pumped between two points,

either onshore or offshore.

Plateau

4evel of peak oil or gas fieldproduction7 it is alwaysfollowed by declining level of production.

Platform

Fi$ed structure resting on seabed orpiledinto it.

Platform $omenclature

8ension 4eg Platform)84P

#inimum Facility Platform )#03F

3ot 3ormally Attended 0nstallation )33A0

ravity based structures)%2

Accommodation )A!!9#

!ompression )!9#P

&rilling )&R04

Riser)R025

Pre!entati!e maintenance

#aintenance carried out prior to unit or system failure.

Primary *eco!ery

Recovery of hydrocarbonsfrom a reservoirusing only

natural reservoir pressure.)see also2econdaryand8ertiary Recovery.

Produced 1ater

%rines naturally present or inected into reservoirto

enhance production. Produced along side oil production.

Production Drilling

&rilling of wells in order to bring a field into

production.

Production 'nstallation

http://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pipelinehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Natural%20Gashttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Natural%20Gashttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Oilhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Fieldhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pilinghttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pilinghttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#TLPhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#TLPhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Gravity%20Structureshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Marine%20Riserhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Secondary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Secondary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Secondary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Tertiary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pipelinehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Natural%20Gashttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Oilhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Fieldhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pilinghttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#TLPhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Gravity%20Structureshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Marine%20Riserhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Secondary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Tertiary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoir

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An installation from which development wellsare

drilled and that carries all associated processing plants

and other equipment needed to maintain a fieldin

production.

Production %tring8ubingor piping in aproduction wellthrough which oil

or gas flows from reservoirto wellhead.

*eco!ery #actor

Ratio of recoverable oiland / or gasto estimated oil and

/ or gas in place in reservoir. &etermined by a various

factors such as reservoir dimensions, pressure, nature of

hydrocarbons,and development plan.)see also Primary,

2econdaryand 8ertiary Recovery.

*edeterminationRetroactive adustment to relative percentage interests

of oint venturers in a field.

*eser!es2 Possible

Reserves at present cannot be regarded as :probable:.

*eser!es2 Probable

Reserves not yet :proven:, but are estimated to have a

better than +; chance of being technically and

economically producible.

*eser!es2 Pro!en

Reserves which on available evidence are virtually

certain to be technically and economically producible.

*eser!oir

2ubsurface, porous, permeable rock formation in which

hydrocarbonsare present.

*eser!oir dri!e

Powered by difference in pressures within reservoirandwell.

*eser!oir engineering model

'sed to predict reservoirbehaviour during production

to enable selection of most efficient method of

recovery.

%atellite 'nstallation

An offshore structure that depends on another

installation for materials or services.

%econdary *eco!ery

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Recovery of hydrocarbonsfrom a reservoirby

increasing reservoir pressure by inecting gasor water

into reservoir rock. )see also Primaryand 8ertiary

Recovery.

%lug catcerPlant installed in a gaspipelinesystem to catch

unwanted :slugs: of liquid.

%ubsea manifolds

Allows wells to be put on production without need to

build a platform to operate and maintain wells.

%ub-sea wellead

A wellheadinstalled on the sea floor and controlled

remotely from a platform, a floating production facility

or land.

%ubstructure

2upport form of an offshore installation on which

derrick, engines, helicopter pad, cranes, etc. are

installed.

+ension 0eg Platform

A floating offshore structure held in position by a

number of tension6maintaining cables anchored to

seabed. !ables dampen wave action to keep platform

stationary.

+erminal

9nshore transit installation that receives oil or gas from

offshore production facilities viapipelineand / or

tankers. Plant and equipment designed to receive and

process crude oil or gas to remove water and impurities.

+ertiary *eco!ery

Recovery of hydrocarbonsfrom a reservoirby

sophisticated methods, for e$ample, heating reservoir orenlarging pore spaces using chemicals. )see also

Primaryand 2econdary Recovery

+ubing

Piping installed in wells for production of oil and gas.

+opsides

8op of an installation positioned onacket.

3pstream

1ater 'njection (1')

http://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#GIhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#WIhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Primary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Tertiary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Tertiary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pipelinehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/GLOS-W.HTM#Wellheadhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pipelinehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Primary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Secondary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Jackethttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/GLOS-U.HTM#Upstreamhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#GIhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#WIhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Primary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Tertiary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Tertiary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pipelinehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/GLOS-W.HTM#Wellheadhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Pipelinehttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/CHEMIC~1.HTM#Hydrocarbonshttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Reservoirhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Primary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Secondary%20Recoveryhttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/#Jackethttp://www.eandp.demon.nl/glossary/GLOS-U.HTM#Upstream

8/12/2019 Oil and Gas Glossary

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