Offshore wind, a driver of the energy transitionTo face issues related to climate change, France has launched an ambitious energy transition policy. Developing renewable energy, offshore wind inparticular, is a major component of this policy. As offshore wind is stronger and steadier than onshore wind, it can produce a significant quantity ofrenewable energy.

St-Brieuc

CherbourgLe Havre

Dieppe

Dunkerque

Brest

Saint-Nazaire

Won the 1st offshore wind tender

Won the 2nd offshore wind tender

Marine renewables, an advantage for BrittanyThe French government, Région of Bretagne, ADEME, RTE, and Anah (“Agence nationale de l’habitat”) signed the «Brittany electricity pact» in 2010. The Pact is an ambitious plan that aims to provide a sustainable response to the challenge of supplying electricity to Brittany, by committing to 3,600 MW of electricity production from renewable sources by 2020. Brittany is betting on the development of marine renewables such as marine and tidal power, and fixed and floating offshore wind energy. These projects are flourishing in the region.

The offshore wind farm in the Bay of Saint-Brieuc will provide 40% of the total electricity production in the region (based on observed consumption in 2014).

In France After 2 government tenders were launched in 2011 and 2013, 6 offshore wind farms are being developed, with nearly 3,000 MW of total installed capacity. The Bay of Saint-Brieuc offshore wind farm project is the first of its kind in Brittany.

In EuropeOffshore wind is the most mature renewable technology, with 82 operational wind farms (10,400 MW) and 15 wind farms under construction (4,268 MW). Their cumulative capacity is nearly 15,000 MW.

The energy transition in FranceRight from the beginning of the 2000s, the French government embarked on the energy transition :

• In 2007, the Grenelle Environnement roundtable set the goal of 23% of final energy consumption from renewables by 2020.

• The Energy Transition for Green Growth Law aims to reduce French greenhouse gas emissions by 40% between 1990 and 2030. This law was passed on 3 March 2015.

Renewables development is an important lever for reaching these goals. One of the objectives of this law is for 32% of final energy consumption to come fromrenewables by 2030.

Project overview Following the government’s invitation to tender in 2011, the tender for the Saint-Brieuc plot was awarded to Ailes Marines in April.Stakeholder consultation played a pivotal role in the project design, with nearly 400 meetings with stakeholders in the area.

The wind farm location was determined by the consultation that Ailes Marines conductedOut of the 180 km2 perimeter set by the French government, Ailes Marines selected a smaller installation area covering 75 km2. This decision incorporated several criteria and is the result of a consultation process. The zone :

• Avoids the favoured areas for commercial fishing ;

• Is as far as possible from bird nesting sites and protected areas ;

• Limits the visual impact of the wind turbines as viewed from the coast.

The spacing and direction of the wind turbinesThe 62 wind turbines will be placed in 7 rows whose configuration is based on the direction of the ocean currents :

• The direction of the rows factors in the direction of the prevailing winds and fishing practices ;

• Wind turbines in the same row are spaced 1,000 m apart, and these rows are spaced 1,300 m from each other.

Matignon

Plancoët

Guingamp

Pontrieux

Plourivo

Lézardrieux

Lanvollon

Chatelaudren

ST-BRIEUC

Etables-sur-Mer

Quintin

Lamballe

Saint-Alban

Pleslin-Trigavou

DinanPlélan-le-Petit

Lancieux

St-Malo

Bréhat Island

Pleubian

Ploubazlanec

Paimpol

Plouézec

PlouhaTréveneuc

Lanloup

Plourhan

Binic

Pordic

TrémusonPlouagatPlérin

TrégueuxYffiniac

Hillion

Morieux

Planguenoual

Pommeret

Quessoy

Plédran

Langueux

Plelo

Ploumagoar

Pommerit-le-Vicomte

St-Quay-Portrieux

St-Cast-le-Guildo

St-Briac-sur-Mer St-Lunaire

St-Colomb

St-Jacut-de-la-Mer

Créhen

Quévert

Trélivan

Lanvallay

Jugon-les-Lacs

Corseul

Hénanbihen Trégon

Ploubalay

Dinard

Pléneuf-Val-André

Erquy

Plurien

Fréhel

Ploufragan

St-Julien

Dolo

Pleurtuit

Bréhat Island27,7 km 14,9 NM

St-Brieuc33 km 17,8 NM

Erquy Cape17 km 9,1 NM

16,3 km 8,8 NMFréhel Cape

St-Malo35,4 km 19,1 NM

St-Quay-Portrieux26,4 km 14,2 NM

Jersey

Jersey37 km 20 NM

0 5 10 km

Commune border

Department border

Intermunicipal border

Main road

Secondary road

Railway

Urban zone Woods

PrefecturST-BRIEUC

Intermunicipal seatLamballe

Maintenance baseSt-Quay

SubprefecturDinanCommuneFréhel

Distance between the coast and the closest wind turbine

Electrical substation

Wind turbine

The wind Each wind turbine has 8 MW of nominal power, and is composed of several thousands of components.

• The rotor is composed of 3 blades that are 90 metres long. The direction of the wind determines how it pivots.

• The nacelle houses the gearbox and the generator, and converts the energy transmitted by the rotor into electricity.

• The mast houses the electrical transformers and is 90 metres tall.

The wind turbines will be operational 95% of the time

• The wind turbine generates electricity as soon as the wind speed reaches 11 km/h.

• A wind speed of 43 km/h generates the nominal power output (8 MW).

• When the wind speed exceeds 108 km/h, the wind turbine stops and its blades are feathered.

The jacket foundationsThe wind turbines are not placed directly on the seabed; they are placed on foundations. The jacket foundation takes up little space on

The components of the wind farmWind turbines convert wind energy into electricity. The electricity passes through the cable network up through the offshore electrical station.The electricity is then routed to the public electricity grid via two submarine cables.

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2

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the seafloor and does not require any prior preparation of the seabed. Scour protection may be required near some foundations, depending on the seabed characteristics. The main components of the jacket foundation are :

• A metal lattice connected to the piles ;

• A transition piece that fastens the wind turbine to the foundation ;

• Additional components: platforms, ladders...

Inter-turbine cable networkThe cable network runs on 66,000 volts. It delivers the electricity produced by the turbines to the offshore electricity substations. The network has two types of cables :

• Inter-turbine cables that connect up to 9 turbines together ;

• Collection cables that deliver the production of groups of wind turbines to the offshore electrical substation ;

The cables will be buried when the seabed conditions are appropriate. If the seabed conditions are not appropriate, rock-fill will protect the cables.

Offshore electrical substationWith a jacket foundation, the electrical substation is placed in the middle of the wind farm. It collects the energy produced by the wind turbines, and power transformers increase the voltage.

The electricity produced is then sent to the two export cables, at 225,000 volts.

Inter-turbine cablesVoltage: 66,000 voltsTo the extent possible, the electrical cables are buried 0.8 to 1.5 metres below the seabed.

Onshore generating station Contracting authority: RTE

Export cableContracting authority: RTE

Installed capacity : 8 MW per wind turbine

Offshore generating substationBefore the electricity is injected into the grid, it is increased to 225,000 volts

Mast of the wind turbine

Transition piece

Intermediate platform

Boat landing

Work platform

J-tubeto access the cables

Foundation

Piles

The undersea link from the electrical substation to the Erquy landfall point• 33 km (0.7 km on the foreshore) of two 225,000 volt submarine cables that are spaced at a distance that is three times the water depth.

• Benthic and halieutic experts conducted scientific fishing expeditions here in 2013.

• Geophysical and geotechnical studies surveyed 80 points in 2013.

• Zones of natural importance such as maerls and eelgrasses are avoided..

Landfall on Caroual Beach in Erquy• The minimal impact layout was validated by the upstream consultation in 2013.

• Many local stakeholders are represented: the prefecture, elected officials, government departments, and associations.

• A decision-making process based on multiple criteria allows for minimal impact on the environment and the use of the sea.

• The car parks right next to secondary road 34 will be used.

The underground link from the Erquy landfall point to the Doberie electricity substation• Two 225,000 volt links along 16 km.

• The minimum impact zone incorporates local concerns, environmental considerations, and the possibilities that the public roads and agricultural fields offer.

• 3 towns are on the underground route : Erquy, Saint-Alban, and Hénansal.

• Agricultural stakeholders and public roads managers are involved in the consultations.

Consultations and information• RTE has conducted over 100 consultation meetings with local stakeholders since the end of 2012.

• RTE organised a public information service during the summer of 2014 and the spring of 2015.

The wind farm grid connection : The RTE missionRTE exploites, operates, performs maintenance on, and develops the high- and very high-voltage network (63,000 to 400,000 volts). RTE ensures that the power system operates smoothly and safely. RTE delivers electricity from French and European electricity suppliers to consumers—electricity distributors or industrial companies that are directly linked to the electricity grid.

Cost of the connection: 200 million euros

For this photomontage to be as realistic as possible, hold it 39 cm from you—the length of the below ruler. The scales will be proportional this way, and the image that you see can be superimposed on the view of the actual coast.

Sun azimuth and altitude : 176° et 62°Tidal coefficient : 51Water level : 9,49 mLocation : 1h58 from the open sea

EnvironmentSemaphore observation fromSaint-Cast-le-Guildo :

- Cloud cover 4/8- Wind 10 knots NO- Visibility 14 km- Sea strength 2

ProjectClosest wind turbine : 18,3 kmFurthest wind turbine : 33,6 kmApparent angle : 18,4°Nacelle angle : 157°Emerged height of the wind turbines : 206,51 mVanishing height :

1,7m for the closest wind turbin 31,1m for the furthest wind turbine

View pointLon. - Lat. (WGS84) : 2° 24,24’ O - 48° 38,47’ NEst - Nord (L93) : 308697 , 6855842Altitude : 14,7 mAzimut : 337,8°Date & time : 17 july 2013 14:05Field of vision : 180°x26°Panoramic projection : Cylindrical

Loca

l ma

pGe

nera

l ma

p

From the Sables d’Or beach in Fréhel

For this photomontage to be as realistic as possible, hold it 39 cm from you—the length of the below ruler. The scales will be proportional this way, and the image that you see can be superimposed on the view of the actual coast.

Over two years of on-site campaigns to improve knowledge of the areaIn Vivo, with the assistance of specialised engineering firms, conducted on-site measurement campaigns lasting over two years, to determine the exact biological and physical characteristics of the zone. Living environment campaigns were conducted on birds, marine mammals, bats, and fishery resources, for example. These campaigns allowed us to deepen our knowledge of the Bay of Saint-Brieuc, to make an inventory of its many species, and to definitively identify the environmental stakes of the zone of the offshore wind farm project in the Bay of Saint-Brieuc.

The photomontage methodology73 landscape simulations were conducted by Géophom, a company specialised in this area.

The methodology that Géophom used was assessed and validated by Orsay LIMSI-NRS (Computer Science Laboratory for Mechanics and Engineering Sciences).

• Photography with a 36 Mpx camera

• Focal length: 50 mm

• Assemblages in sets of 15 images

• 360° and then 180° panoramic shots

• The portrayals of the wind turbines are accurate, and take into account :

• Earth’s curvature

• Tidal range

• Sunshine

• Visibility

All of the landscape simulations are available on the Ailes Marines website. During the public inquiry, they will be compiled in a photomontage book.

Taking the landscape into accountAiles Marines is aware of the landscape sensitivity of the Côtes-d’Armor coast. It has incorporated the landscape recommendations from the survey that the independent engineering firm Atelier d’Isthme conducted. The recommendations :

• Position the project as far as possible from Fréhel Cape and Cape Erquy, as these two sites have a lot at stake. The project is thus over 16 km from these view points.

• The north-south dimension of the project is restricted to limit the total footprint of the wind farm on the horizon, as observed from western or eastern point of the coast.

Environmental aspects considered in the projectSince April 2012, In Vivo, an independent engineering firm in Brittany, has been conducting an environmental impact study with 13 other engineering firms. This study will be presented at the next public inquiry.Objective: Describe the zone and identify the stakes involved in order to build an environmentally friendly project.To this end, over 120 sea measurement campaigns have been conducted.

Matignon

Plancoët

Guingamp

Pontrieux

Plourivo

Lézardrieux

Lanvollon

Chatelaudren

ST-BRIEUC

Etables-sur-Mer

Quintin

Lamballe

Saint-Alban

Pleslin-Trigavou

DinanPlélan-le-Petit

Lancieux

St-Malo

Bréhat Island

Pleubian

Ploubazlanec

Paimpol

Plouézec

PlouhaTréveneuc

St-Quay-Portrieux

Lanloup

Plourhan

Binic

Pordic

TrémusonPlouagatPlérin

TrégueuxYffiniac

Hillion

Morieux

Planguenoual

Pommeret

Quessoy

Plédran

Langueux

Plelo

Ploumagoar

Pommerit-le-Vicomte St-Cast-

le-Guildo

St-Briac-sur-Mer St-Lunaire

St-Colomb

St-Jacut-de-la-Mer

Créhen

Quévert

Trélivan

Lanvallay

Jugon-les-Lacs

Corseul

Hénanbihen Trégon

Ploubalay

Dinard

Pléneuf-Val-André

Erquy

Plurien

Fréhel

Ploufragan

St-Julien

Dolo

Pleurtuit

BAY OF SAINT-BRIEUC

0 5 10 km

Distant survey zone

Close survey zone: tender area

Immediate survey zone: potential installation zone

Close survey zone

Immediate survey zone

Potential installation

zone

Project shrinkage from the southern point of the close survey zone

North-south dimension : 15,1 km

A project designed with fishing authoritiesThe fishing industry is a major sector in Brittany, especially in the Bay of Saint-Brieuc. Ailes Marines has thus considered it is crucial to ensure the compatibility of the offshore wind project with the various fishing practices.

Installation zoneTo minimise the impact on the scallop business, Ailes Marines has committed to avoiding the main scallop deposit, which is in the southern section of the tender zone. Ailes Marines has thus decided to install its project in the north.

Direction of the wind turbines and the cable networkThe direction of the wind turbines and the cabling plan take into account fishing practices :

• The rows of wind turbines are at the angle that fisherfolk prefer.

• There will be no wind turbines in the main fishing channel the prime fishing zone—and few cables will pass through there.

• The linear length of the cables has been kept to a minimum, and the cables do not cross each other.

The decision to use a jacket foundationWith the fishing authorities and other local stakeholders, Ailes Marines selected jackets for the future foundations.

The metal lattices do not require prior work on the seabed. They also take up little space on the seafloor, and have minimal impact on the currents and swells. Jackets are easier to dismantle and recycle than other foundations.

Navigating within the wind farmAiles Marines does not make the decision to authorise navigation within the wind farm or determine the navigation terms (safe distance, etc.). However, Ailes Marines would like this navigation to be possible, under the condition that all the safety requirements are fulfilled. After the authorisation requests are examined, the Atlantic Maritime Prefecture will determine the terms of navigation within the wind farm after the monitoring authorities and the nautical commission have issued their opinion. These terms must ensure the safety of marine stakeholders, including yachtspeople, in all situations.

A project compatible with the use of the sea To optimise the integration of the project in the Bay of Saint-Brieuc, Ailes Marines has launched a constructive dialogue with marine stakeholders to design a project that co-exists harmoniously with the activities in the area.

Matignon

Plancoët

Guingamp

Pontrieux

Plourivo

Lézardrieux

Lanvollon

Chatelaudren

ST-BRIEUC

Etables-sur-Mer

Quintin

Lamballe

Saint-Alban

Pleslin-Trigavou

DinanPlélan-le-Petit

Lancieux

St-Malo

Île de Bréhat

Pleubian

Ploubazlanec

Paimpol

Plouézec

PlouhaTréveneuc

St-Quay-Portrieux

Lanloup

Plourhan

Binic

Pordic

TrémusonPlouagatPlérin

TrégueuxYffiniac

Hillion

Morieux

Planguenoual

Pommeret

Quessoy

Plédran

Langueux

Plelo

Ploumagoar

Pommerit-le-Vicomte St-Cast-

le-Guildo

St-Briac-sur-Mer St-Lunaire

St-Colomb

St-Jacut-de-la-Mer

Créhen

Quévert

Trélivan

Lanvallay

Jugon-les-Lacs

Corseul

Hénanbihen Trégon

Ploubalay

Dinard

Pléneuf-Val-André

Erquy

Plurien

Fréhel

Ploufragan

St-Julien

Dolo

Pleurtuit

Boundary of the Paimpol

maritime areaBoundary of

the Saint-Brieuc maritime area

Boundary of the Saint-Malo maritime area

Bay of Saint-BrieucTrieux maritime

Côte d’EmeraudeRance maritime

Bay of Saint-Brieucdeposit

WESTERN open sea zone

EASTERN open sea zone

Nerput deposit

0 5 10 km

Urban zone

Woods

PrefectureST-BRIEUCSubprefectureDinanCommuneFréhel

Perimeter of the tender

Navigation basin

Boundary of scallop deposits

Maritime area boundary

Saint-Nazaire

Saint-Quay-Portrieux

Saint-Brieuc The Saint-Brieuc project is expected to create 2,000 direct jobs in Western France, with a potential of 1,000 jobs in Brittany.

• 750 jobs for manufacturing the wind turbines and their main components (generators, nacelles, etc.)

• 110 jobs for manufacturing the wind turbine parts, which could potentially be in Brittany

• 500 jobs for designing and manufacturing the foundations in Brest and Saint-Nazaire 

• 200 jobs for designing and manufacturing the foundations of the electrical substation 

• 300 jobs for the sea installation phase

• 140 jobs related to wind farm maintenance, inSaint-Quay-Portrieux

Wind farm projects equipped with Adwen turbines

Other windfarm projects

Factories R&D CentreService portTransport of wind farm components by boat

Le HavreRouen

Brest

foundation foundation

The offshore wind project in the Bay of Saint-Brieuc will use wind turbines and foundations made in France. It is thus part of the birth of a new export-oriented industry employing several thousands of people.

The creation of a new French industry

Saint-Nazaire

Saint-Quay-Portrieux

Saint-Brieuc The Saint-Brieuc project is expected to create 2,000 direct jobs in Western France, with a potential of 1,000 jobs in Brittany.

• 750 jobs for manufacturing the wind turbines and their main components (generators, nacelles, etc.)

• 110 jobs for manufacturing the wind turbine parts, which could potentially be in Brittany

• 500 jobs for designing and manufacturing the foundations in Brest and Saint-Nazaire 

• 200 jobs for designing and manufacturing the foundations of the electrical substation 

• 300 jobs for the sea installation phase

• 140 jobs related to wind farm maintenance, inSaint-Quay-Portrieux

Wind farm projects equipped with Adwen turbines

Other windfarm projects

Factories R&D CentreService portTransport of wind farm components by boat

Le HavreRouen

Brest

foundation foundation

Operating the offshore wind farmThe operational phase of the wind farm begins as soon as the first wind turbines are commissioned, and will continue for the entire life cycle of the wind farm, until its dismantling. Two closely-linked operations will be carried out :

• Monitoring the production that Ailes Marines is responsible for as the wind farm operator ;• Wind farm servicing, which is entrusted to Adwen in its capacity as the wind turbine supplier.

General organisation of the operationSaint-Quay-Portrieux, the operational and servicing port

The operational and servicing port is the control centre for the servicing, monitoring, and management of logistics. The decision to have the port of Saint-Quay-Portrieux host the operations and servicing base was approved by a vote of the Departmental Council in September 2013, based on the criteria below :

• Always accessible by sea : always open (24/7), with a minimum depth of 2.5 m

• Easy access by land

• Close to the wind farm: 26.4 km (14.2 NM) away.

The maintenance base will be next to the western side of the fishing port, and will cover 2,000 m2 on 2 floors.

Service vessels

The three extremely specialised vessels are approximately 20 m long and will transport the staff and equipment for the interventions. The vessels will also need to run the transfer, loading, and unloading operations in optimal safety conditions in the operations and servicing port, and within the wind farm as well.

EmploymentThe operations and maintenance will provide 140 direct jobs in the Bay of Saint-Brieuc for at least 20 years :

• 100 technicians responsible for maintenance operations.

• 20 sailors responsible for transporting maintenance staff and material.

• 20 supervisors responsible for monitoring electricity production.

Servicing wind turbinesThere are two types of offshore wind maintenance: :

• Preventive maintenance, which involves periodic intervention on wind farm

components that is planned in advance :

5 days per wind turbine per year

Check-ups and replacement of lubricants, cooling liquids, and mechanical,

electrical, and electronic parts

Emptying storage tanks and reservoirs

Note that the painting on the wind turbines is designed to last throughout their

entire life.

• Corrective maintenance, which is designed to resolve one-off problems :

Long-distance monitoring from a checkpoint on land that resolves 85% of

the problems

Teams that are on-call 24/7

In response to the tender for wind turbine installations in mainland France launched by the French government in 2011, IBERDROLA and RES set up a simplified joint-stock company called Ailes Marines S.A.S. Since 6 May 2015, IBERDROLA has a 70% stake in this company, and AVEL VOR (a company composed of RES and Caisse des Dépôts) has a 30% stake. IBERDROLA and AVEL VOR have partnered with : Adwen (a joint venture owned by AREVA and GAMESA) and Neoen Marine. The company Ailes Marines S.A.S. is responsible for developing the project, and for building and operating the wind farm.

About Ailes Marines

Project calendar

Constant dialogue all throughout the project development

Environmental monitoring

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2020-204020132012 2014 2015

PUBLIC DEBATE March - July

Start of offshore construction

Submission of the

authorisation application �le (authorisation to occupy the maritime public domain

and water law)

PUBLIC INQUIRY

100% of installed capacity

Contracting authority'sdecision

Granting of authorisations

Ailes Marines wonthe tender

Adoption of the �nal projectcharacteristics

Dismantling and site

rehabilitation phase

Operational phase of the offshore wind farmDevelopment and studies phase Manufacturing and installation phase

IBERDROLA is one of the five largest global energy providers, present in over 40 countries. The world wind energy leader IBERDROLA has over 14,000 MW of global installed capacity as of the end of December 2014. It has been in France since 2004. In October 2014, IBERDROLA commissioned its first offshore wind farm, West of Duddon Sands, in the United Kingdom. Its voltage is 389 MW, and IBERDROLA is developing a 2,439 MW offshore wind portfolio, mainly in the United Kingdom, Germany, and France. IBERDROLA is thus a major industry player.

Document edited by Ailes Marines SAS • Graphic design by Sébastien Drouin, L’Aetherium • Photo credits : Adwen and In Vivo.

AVEL VOR includes the stocks that RES owns in Ailes Marines, or 30% of the capital of the project company responsible for developing, building, installing, and operating the future wind farm off the coast of the Bay of Saint-Brieuc in Côtes-d’Armor. RES is specialised in the design, development, funding, construction, and operation of renewable wind and photovoltaic power plants, and in energy management (energy storage and demand side management). RES has been serving the French market for over 15 years, and has launched nearly 630 MW of power plants that are in operation or under construction. RES is a pioneer and global offshore wind leader, with over 10,000 MW installed.

Caisse des Dépôts and its subsidiaries constitute a public group that makes long-term investments for the public interest and the economic development of geographical areas. The modernisation law of the economy dated 4 August 2008 reconfirmed its mission. Caisse des Dépôts is recognised for its expertise in mandate management. It fo-cuses on four strategic transitions for the long-term development of France: the local, ecological and energy, digital, and demographic transitions.

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