Break Out Session

Offer vs. Serve Training2013-14 Breakfast Meal PatternGrades K-121Menu PlanningAs a menu planner:Make sure every possible reimbursable meal has 4 items from 3 components. Make sure every possible planned reimbursable meal includes at least 1 oz. eq. of real grain. Make sure students and food service workers are aware of what items make a meal.

Food Component and Food ItemFood ComponentGrain (optional meat/meat alternate) Fruit (vegetable)Milk Food ItemThe minimum required portion size = one food item cup of fruit = 1 food item1 oz. eq. grain = 1 food itemIt is important to understand the difference between a food component and a food item. When we talk about a food component with breakfast we are talking about one of the three food groups reflected on the new meal pattern chart. These are grains (with optional meat/meat alternate allowed); fruit and/or vegetable; and milk.

A food item, on the other hand, is the specific food offered within the three components. The minimum required portion size for each component is considered one item. For instance, the minimum required serving size for fruits for school year 2013-14 is cup. Each cup portion is 1 food item. The minimum required serving size for grains is 1 oz. eq. So each portion that is 1 oz. eq. grain is considered 1 food item.

Schools must menu three components and four food items when menu planning. Lets discuss the difference between food components and food items in more detail.3Food ComponentFood ComponentGrain (plus optional meat/meat alternate) Fruit (and/or vegetable)Milk Examples:Muffin, grapes and milkWhole wheat bagel, fresh orange and milkPancakes, sausage link, hash brown and milkCereal, cheese stick, apple juice and milkComponents are the categories of food that need to be offered. You need to make sure our menu always offers three categories of food- grain, fruit, and milk. You can swap vegetables for fruit, and you can add meat to the menu and count it as a grain. Located in the slide are examples of menus that contain the three food components grain, fruit, and milk.

4Food ItemsCounting food items:1 oz. eq. of grain = one item 2 oz. eq. grain = two itemsExample: 2 oz. eq. muffin = two itemsExample: 2 oz. eq. muffin, grapes, and milk = 4 food items

When menu planning, you also need to make sure you are offering at least 4 food items.

As discussed, 1 oz. eq. of grain is the minimum required amount a child must be offered daily, and it counts as one food item. If a school offers 2 oz. eq. of grains, this counts as 2 food items. This means one 2 oz. eq. grain item such as a muffin, will count as two of the four food items.

Using the same example from the previous slide, the menu contains a 2 oz. eq. muffin, cup of grapes, and a half a pint of milk. This meal contains 4 food items. 5Food Items Foods with grains and meatExample: An egg sandwich = 1 oz. eq. grain and 1 oz. eq. meat/meat alternate:Two items under the grains component, OROne item and the meat is an extra

So this idea gets trickier when you start offering combination foods, like an egg sandwich because this is providing both a grain and a meat alternate. When you have a meal like this or any other menu item that combines grain and meat, you have some options. First, you can count the combination food as two items under the grains component. The sandwich provides at least 1 oz. eq. of grain plus an additional 1 oz. eq. of meat which counts as a grain.

Or, you can choose not to count the meat in the combination food toward the grains component. Instead the meat would be considered an extra food and does not count as a food item. Therefore the sandwich would count as one food item.6Meat/Meat Alternate Menu PlanningNoneGrainExtra Do not need to plan a meat/meat alternate with every meal. If no meat/meat alternate planned, make sure to plan 4 items with each meal.Meal Plan Examples: One 2 oz. eq. grain, cup fruit, 1 milkTwo 1 oz. eq. grains, cup fruit, 1 milk1 oz. eq. grain, two cups of fruit, 1 milk

Can plan meat every day as long as always offer 1 oz. eq. of real grain item. 1 oz. eq. of meat/meat alternate is considered one of the four items. Students can decline the real grain and just take the meat item. Meal Plan Example: 1 oz. eq. grain, 1 oz. eq. meat (counting as grain), cup fruit, 1 milk Option if you are already offering 4 items. If you plan meat/meat alternate as extra, will not count as an item toward the reimbursable meal. Consider these as a freebies. Extras still count toward calories and saturated fat. Meal Plan Example: One 2 oz. eq. grain, 1 oz. eq. meat counting as extra, cup fruit, 1 milk This chart was developed to help you decide how you wanted to offer meat/meat alternates with your meals. As a menu planner you have the option to not offer meat at all. This is not a requirement. If you do not plan a meat/meat alternate with your meal, make sure to plan 4 other items to create a reimbursable meal. A meal plan example includes one 2 oz. eq. grain, cup fruit, and a milk. Or two 1 oz. eq. grains, cup fruit, and 1 milk. Or 1 oz. eq. grain, two cups of fruit, and a milk.

If you plan the meat to count as a grain, you must make sure you also are offering 1 oz. eq. of realgrain. 1 oz. eq. of meat/meat alternate will be considered one of the four food items. Students are allowed to decline the real grain and just take the meat item, fruit, and milk. Here is an example of a menu counting the meat as a grain. 1 oz. eq. grain, 1 oz. eq. of meat (counting as a grain), cup fruit, and 1 milk. These are four food items from the 3 components.

You could also plan to count the meat as an extra. If you are counting it as an extra, you must make sure that you are already planning 4 other items as part of the meal. This meat/meat alternate will not count as an item toward the reimbursable meal. Instead they count as freebies- they dont make or break the meal, but they will be added into the calorie and saturated fat analysis. Here is a meal planning example- one 2 oz. eq. grain, 1 oz. eq. meat counting as and extra, cup fruit, and 1 milk. 7Remember!Daily Menu1 oz. eq. Real Grain3 Food Components4 Food Items

So to sum this idea up, when planning your breakfast menus, make sure that your menus always have at least 1 oz. eq. of real grain and that they contain 4 food items from 3 food components .8Offer vs. ServeClarificationNot about choices or the way students are served their foodThis is giving them the ability to decline food item(s)Not mandatory for any grade groupingGoalsTo reduce food wasteTo give students choices RequirementsMust offer all of the options

Lets clarify offer versus serve. Offer versus serve is not the way kids receive their food, and it is not how the students serve their own food or how someone else serves food. Some schools might think because they offer students various choices of food or they serve students their food that they are implementing offer versus serve. This is not the case. You are either implementing offer versus serve or not implementing offer versus serve. It is all or nothing. For breakfast, offer vs. serve gives the students the ability to decline one food item.

If the school is not implementing offer vs. serve, then every student needs to take 4 food items and 3 food components on their tray to make up a reimbursable meal.

Offer vs. serve is not a mandatory requirement for any grade group, so a school at any grade level can choose to implement offer vs serve or not to implement offer vs serve. 9Offer vs. ServeDifference between choices and offer versus serveEach student must take 4 food items, but they have choices of which 4 food items to take.

ComponentMenu ItemFruitPeaches or ApplesGrainMuffin (2 items) or Cereal (2 items)Milk1% White Milk or Fat Free ChocolateNow, lets clear up the difference between choices and offer versus serve. If a school has more than one choice but still requires students to take four food items and 3 food components this is NOT offer versus serve. This is just offering variety or choices to the students.For an example, look at the menu that appears on the slide. This menu includes two choices of fruit, apples and/or oranges, two choices of grain, muffin or cereal, and two choices of milk, 1% white or fat free chocolate. The students can choose the type of fruit, grain, and milk they want. However the students are still required to take all three food components and four food items. They are not permitted to decline a food item. So, in this example, a student could not decline the milk and only take fruit and grain. This is an example of choices and not offer versus serve.

10Offer vs. ServeReminder! For SY 2013-14, students can decline the fruit and/or vegetable. ChangesStudents must have at least 3 food items on their tray for a reimbursable meal. A student must be offered at least 4 food items and may decline only one food item. If the menu planner plans more than 4 food items (not including extras) then the student must have at least 3 items on their tray to count as a reimbursable meal. The food items selected may be from any of the required components (including milk, fruit, and grain) and must be served in at least the minimum daily portion. For school year 2013-14, students are not required to take a minimum cup serving of fruit or vegetables for offer vs. serve. So that means students can still decline the fruit or vegetable component.

11Offer vs. Serve TrainingIs this reimbursable? Lets play the meal or no meal game! We will look at each slide and determine if the meal is reimbursable.Since there is an overlap for grades K-12. This whole webinar is applicable to all grades.

122 oz. muffin= 1 oz. eq. Grain8 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT1 cup cereal= 1 oz. eq. grain

The planned breakfast includes:1 cup cereal1 oz. eq. muffin cup grapes 8 oz. milk

132 oz. muffin= 1 oz. eq. Grain8 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT1 cup cereal = 1 oz. eq. grain

Is This a Meal?If a student decline the cereal and the milk, is their meal reimbursable?

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Declines two food items:Cereal and Milk Takes two food items:Muffin and Fruit

Must have three food items on tray!The Answer is:No, the student declined 2 food items- milk and the cereal. Because there are only 4 food items, they are only allowed to decline 1 food item. They also must have at least 3 items on their tray.

Participant #1:Declined 2 of the 4 food itemsMilk and 1 oz. eq. GrainTakes two food items:Fruit and 1 oz. eq. Grain

152 oz. muffin= 1 oz. eq. Grain8 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT1 cup cereal= 1 oz. eq. grain

Is This a Meal?The next student declines the milk. Is this a reimbursable meal?

16Declines one food item: MilkTakes three food items:Cereal, Fruit, and MuffinThe Answer is:

Yes! The student selected 3 of the 4 food items (even though it is only 2 components- grain and fruit). Remember under Offer vs. Serve, the student is allowed to decline the milk.

17 cup VEGETABLE8 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT1 cup cereal=1 oz. eq. grain

The planned breakfast includes:1 cup cereal cup grapes cup hash browns8 oz. milk

18 cup VEGETABLE8 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT1 cup cereal =1 oz. eq. grain

Is This a Meal?The student declines the cereal. Is this a meal?

19Declines one food item: CerealTake three food items:Grapes, Hash browns, and Milk

Remember you must offer a grain item with every meal, but the student doesnt have to take that grain itemThe Answer is:

Yes! The student selected 3 of the 4 food items (even though it is only 2 components- fruit and milk). Remember, a menu planner must offer a real grain item, but the student doesnt have to take that grain item.

208 oz. MILK4 oz. 100% Juice= cup FRUITBiscuit = 1 oz. eq. GRAINEgg/Cheese =1 oz. eq. meat/meat alternate= 1 oz. eq. GRAIN

The planned breakfast includes:

1 breakfast sandwich, the biscuit provides 1 oz. eq. of grain (or 1 item) and the egg/cheese provides 1 oz. eq. meat/meat alternate that the planner is counting as a grain. So this sandwich counts as 2 items. cup juice8 oz. milk

218 oz. MILK4 oz. 100% Juice= cup FRUIT1 oz. eq. MEAT/MEAT ALTERNATE 1 oz. eq. GRAIN

Is This a Meal?The student declines the breakfast sandwich. Is this a meal?

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Declines two food items: Egg/Cheese SandwichTakes two food items:Fruit Juice and Milk

Remember offering only 4 items with two items in a combination dish, students cannot decline this dish. The Answer is:No, the student declined 2 food items- the egg and cheese sandwich which contains 2 food items - 1 oz. eq. of Grain and 1 oz. eq. of Meat. Again, the meat is not considered an extra. They cannot decline the breakfast sandwich because there wouldnt be enough items left to create a reimbursable meal (remember the student must have 3 items on their tray).

238 oz. MILK4 oz. 100% Juice= cup FRUIT

Is This a Meal?Biscuit = 1 oz. eq. GRAINEgg/Cheese =1 oz. eq. meat/meat alternate= 1 oz. eq. GRAIN The student declines the juice, is this a reimbursable meal?

24Declines one food item: Fruit JuiceTakes three food items:Egg and Cheese Sandwich and Milk

Remember for SY 2013-14 students are allowed to decline fruit and vegetableThe Answer is:

Yes, by declining only 1 of the 4 food items (the juice), this is a reimbursable meal. Remember, for school year 2013-14, students are allowed to decline the fruit and/or vegetable.

258 oz. MILK4 oz. 100% Juice= cup FRUITBiscuit = 1 oz. eq. GRAINCounting Meat/Meat Alternate as an EXTRA

4 oz. yogurt= 1 oz. eq. meat/meat alternate= 1 oz. eq. grain The planned menu is:

1 breakfast sandwich- in this example we are only counting the biscuit (which counts as 1 item). The egg/cheese will be considered an extra. cup fruit juice8 oz. milk4 oz. yogurt which equals 1 oz. meat/meat alternate which the planner is counting as a grain.

268 oz. MILK4 oz. 100% Juice= cup FRUIT

Is This a Meal?

4 oz. yogurt = 1 oz. eq. meat alternate= 1 oz. eq. grain Counting Meat/Meat Alternate as an ExtraCount only 1 oz. eq. GRAINIf the student declines the sandwich, is this still a reimbursable meal?

27Declines one food item:Egg and Cheese SandwichTake three food items:Fruit Juice, Yogurt, and Milk

Remember, if only counting the 1 item on the combination dish, student can decline it. The Answer is:

Yes, the student has three items and only declined one item- the sandwich. Since we are only count the 1 oz. eq. of grain, we only consider that one item.

288 oz. MILK4 oz. 100% Juice= cup FRUIT

Is This a Meal?

4 oz. yogurt = 1 oz. eq. meat alternate= 1 oz. eq. grain Biscuit = 1 oz. eq. GRAINCounting Meat/Meat Alternate as an EXTRAIf the student declines the juice and yogurt, is this a meal?

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Declines two food items: Fruit and YogurtTakes two food items:Egg and Cheese Sandwich and Milk

Remember, you cant pick and choose whether to count the combination dish as one or two items. The menu planner needs to determine what they are counting and stick with it. The Answer is:No, since we chose only to count the grain on the sandwich, the meat is considered an extra. So the student only has 2 items on his tray and has declined 2 food items (fruit and yogurt). You cannot pick and choose whether to count the combination dish as one or two items within the same meal service period. The menu planner needs to determine what they are counting and stick with it.

308 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT 4 oz. Muffin = 2 oz. eq. GRAINS

The menu is a 4 oz. muffin, which credits as 2 oz. eq. grains, 8 oz. milk, and cup fruit. 318 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT 4 oz. Muffin = 2 oz. eq. GRAINS

Is This a Meal?If the student declines the apple, is this a reimbursable meal? 32Declines one food item:FruitTakes three food items:Muffin and MilkThe Answer is:

Yes, this is a reimbursable meal, there are three items on their tray and they only declined one item.

338 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT 4 oz. Muffin = 2 oz. eq. GRAINS

1 oz. String Cheese = 1 oz. eq. Meat Alternative = EXTRAThe menu is a 4 oz. muffin which equals 2 oz. eq. grains, cup fruit, 1 oz. string cheese which equals 1 oz. eq. meat alternative and notice they are counting this as an extra, and 8 oz. milk. 348 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT 4 oz. Muffin = 2 oz. eq. GRAINS

1 oz. String Cheese = 1 oz. eq. Meat Alternative = EXTRAIs This a Meal?The student declines the muffin, is this a reimbursable meal? 35

Declined two items:MuffinTakes two items:Apple and Milk

Remember an extra doesnt count as an item toward the reimbursable meal. The Answer is:No, since the meat alternate was considered an extra, this doesnt get to count as an item. Technically there are only 2 creditable items on the tray and the student also declined 2 food items.

368 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT

1 oz. String Cheese = 1 oz. eq. Meat Alternative = EXTRAIs This a Meal?4 oz. Muffin = 2 oz. eq. GRAINSIf the student declines the cheese and milk, is this a reimbursable meal? 37Declines one food item:MilkTakes three food items:Muffin and Apple

Remember, any item that is an extra doesnt count as an item toward a reimbursable meal. The Answer is:

Yes, this is reimbursable. The student is still taking three items and they only declined one. Remember any item considered an extra doesnt count as an item toward a reimbursable meal.

388 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT 28 grams Toast= 1 oz. eq. GRAINS

4 oz. 100% Juice= cup FRUITThe menu is a piece of whole wheat toast that equals 1 oz. eq. grains, cup apples, cup of orange juice, and 8 oz. of milk. 398 oz. MILK1/2 cup FRUIT 28 grams Toast= 1 oz. eq. GRAINS

Is This a Meal?4 oz. 100% Juice= cup FRUITThe student declines the toast, is this a meal? 40Declines one food item:ToastTakes three food items:Apple, Fruit Juice, and MilkThe Answer is:

Yes, since there are two cup portions of fruit (remember cup of fruit is the minimum daily requirement), this is counted as 2 items. The third item is the milk. So the tray has 3 items and only 1 item (the toast) was declined. This is a reimbursable meal.

41Take Away MessageReimbursable meals are all based on what you planned and what is taken. Must plan at least 4 items from 3 componentsDetermine if the items you provide will count as creditable items or if they are extrasIf they are extras these wont count toward your 4 items or 3 componentsShare these plans with cashiers!

42Thank You!!