OERu: Pacific innovation for more affordable education for all

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The OER university (#OERu) Anthony Mackintosh Wayne Mackintosh Pacific innovation for more affordable education for all Commonwealth of Learning Chair in OER

description

Public lecture prepared for presentation at USP

Transcript of OERu: Pacific innovation for more affordable education for all

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The OER university (#OERu)

Anthony Mackintosh

Wayne Mackintosh

Pacific innovation for more affordable education for all

Commonwealth of LearningChair in OER

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USP – An outstanding open education pioneer

Public domain flags sourced from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:SVG_sovereign_state_flags

USP

Pacific regionrepresents70% of OERuCountries

Prof James MarajFormer USP VC

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A return to tradition?

WE MUST BE FREE

WE MUST BE OPEN

Woodleywonderworks, http://www.flickr.com/photos/wwworks/1291468732/

Share, Remix, Reuse“Legitimate plagiarism? ”

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We don't need no education?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pink_floyd_live_8_london.jpg

Sharing to LEARN | Learning to SHARE

In the open source world,we have a few of “rock stars”In open education, is seemseveryone wants to be a rock star

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Opensource.svg Tradmark of opensource.org

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Heckert_GNU_white.svg GNU logo used under FSF permissions

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The OER Foundation

The Open Education Resource (OER) Foundation is an independent, not-for-profit organisation that provides leadership, networking and support for educators and educational institutions to achieve their objectives through Open Education.

“OER is a sustainable and renewable resource”

OERs are materials used to support education that may be freely accessed, reused, modified and shared by anyone. Stephen Downes 2011

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WikiEducator

We're turning the digital divide into digital dividends using free content and open networks. We hope you can help us.

Voted best educational wiki, Steven Downes, Dec 2007

Inaugural recipient of the award for Exemplary Open Education Resource (OER) practices

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OER is a renewable & sustainable resource

Jason Scragz http://www.flickr.com/photos/scragz/132300147/

James Woolley http://www.flickr.com/photos/xtrato/6159728957

How do we achieve sustainable OER projects?

How will your institution remain sustainablewithout OER?

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Doing the OERu numbers

Luis Argerich http://www.flickr.com/photos/lrargerich/3029485203James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122

OERu (USQ)(OERu using

course- based portfolio)

Otago Polytechnic(Tuition cost)

USA(Median Tuition

cost 4-year public

university)

BA (Hons) US$6,759 US$19,452 US$26,312

Cost of a 4-year degree(Excluding text book and living costs)

(Note: USA figures based on Delta Cost Project for 2008)

James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122DaveBleasdale http://www.flickr.com/photos/sidelong/3465884519/in/photostream/

“ As a founding anchor partner in the OERu, USQ is proud to give students worldwide, the ability to access university level courses and where cost has been removed as a barrier to learning.”

Jan Thomas, Vice-Chancellor USQ

OERu Model +30% of full-tuition cost (NZ U$5835; USP US$3000?)

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Smart philanthropy

Luis Argerich http://www.flickr.com/photos/lrargerich/3029485203James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122Asenat29 http://www.flickr.com/photos/72153088@N08/6510934443/

Giving is receivingParallel learning universe|New business

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11Wayne Mackintosh, personal image

Bootstrapping OERu for future sustainability

Compelling vision aligned with core university valuesOpen source everything

Generate competitive advantage for network partners

Minimise risk – recurrent cost for OERu partners is guaranteed 

Smart solutions for scalability – ie no new staff needed for growth

Design an ecosystem for mainstreaming OER

Leverage the network effect

Don't innovate on too many fronts 

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Reasons for joining the OERu

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Strike the right balance

OPENeducation = SUSTAINABLE

education

OER + OEP

=

=

Quality

Cost Access

Pink Sherbet Photography: http://www.flickr.com/photos/pinksherbet/233228813/Fdecomite: http://www.flickr.com/photos/fdecomite/2361500377/in/photostream/

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Tragedy of the commons?

Richard Taylor http://www.flickr.com/photos/34094515@N00/374081831/

Will the academy remain thirsty on the village green ?

Elliot Brown http://www.flickr.com/photos/ell-r-brown/with/4328818484/

“They hang the man and flog the womanWho steals the goose from off the commonBut leave the greater villain looseWho steals the common from off the goose.”Anonymous protest poem 1764 or 1821.

Shoulders of giants …

Eben MoglenIsaac NewtonLuis SteothisBernard Shouters - Robert Merton•Anonymous note

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Appropriating the public domain

Your copyRIGHT

Statute of Queen Anne1709

© University of Auckland, Department of Anthropology, Anthropology Photographic Archive

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Sharing knowledge freely2008 Bourewa excavationsDirected by Prof Patrick Nunn

P. Nunn

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Disruptive innovation?

WE MUST BE FREE

WE MUST BE OPEN

The fundamentals stay the same … just the way we do business changes.”

Kungfuman http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kodachrome_200.jpg

June 22, 2009, Kodak announced Kodachrome would no longer be manufactured.

Findicons http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Camera_Icon.png

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ElementaryTechTeacher, http://www.flickr.com/photos/7855946@N08/3264547221/

Innovation & new technology

Ice harvesting

Once the largest industry in AmericaIn 1850 – invention of “artificial” ice makers

(Reusable) digital learning resources

Ice harvesting or new innovation?

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Red Open Education herrings

RED HERRING“rhetorical tactic of diverting attention away from an item of significance” Wikipedia

Andrew Gray http://www.flickr.com/photos/shimgray/2237055822/

Laurel Russwurm http://www.flickr.com/photos/laurelrusswurm/4132122784/#/

The sky is falling

Poor quality

(a.k.a poor qualitymaterials are embarrassing)

Slide 10

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Awareness of open education concepts

New Zealand

International

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

92%

78%

8%

22%

Yes No / Not sure

Did you know about the conceptof OER before today?

New Zealand

International

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

84%

82%

16%

18%

Yes No / Not sure

Did you know aboutCreative Commons licenses before today?

The majority of educators are aware of the concepts of OER andCreative Commons Licenses

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Reuse, use and knowledge of CC

New Zealand

International

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

92%

78%

8%

22%

Yes No / Not sure

Have you used Creative CommonsContent before?

New Zealand

International

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

84%

82%

16%

18%

Yes No / Not sure

Have you applied a Creative Commonslicense before?

Self evaluation of knowledge ofCreative Commonslicenses

New Zealand

Interational

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

48%

61%

28%

32%

24%

7%

Beginner Intermediate Advanced

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Open policy and copyright exceptions for education

New Zealand

International

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

96%

95%

4%

5%

Agree Disagree

Content funded from taxpayerrevenue should be released freelyfor use by everyone

New Zealand

International

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

72%

81%

28%

19%

Agree Disagree

It is fair and reasonable for educatorsto have unrestricted permissions toCOPY materials forteaching & learning

Majority agreement that learning materials funded from public money should be released freely and majority support for educational copyright exceptions

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Perceived barriers to OER adoption

New Zealand

International

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

12%

22%

88%

78%

Agree Disagree

I'm reluctant to share teaching materialsbecause I don't have time

New Zealand

International

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

12%

22%

88%

78%

Agree Disagree

I'm reluctant to share teaching materialsbecause there are no incentivesfor me to do so

New Zealand

International

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

0%

13%

100%

87%

Agree Disagree

I'm reluctant to use OER becausethere is no guarantee of thequality

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The business of open education

New Zealand

International

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

12%

22%

88%

78%

Agree Disagree

Education institutions which give awayteaching materials will loose their competitive advantage (e.g. reduced student registrations)

Majority opinion of educators suggests that institutions generate competive advantage through the learning services they offer (not the teaching materials)

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OERu

A model reincarnated?University of LondonExternal System

OPEN IPOPEN web

Today the original “examination-only” conceptsuddenly looks very modern – Sir John Daniel

Captain-tucker http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Danaus_plexippus_emerging_from_chrysalis_01.jpg

Derek Ramsey: WMF Commons: File:Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Pupation_2419px.jpgDerek Ramsey: WMF Commons: File:Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Pupation_2419px.jpg Armon: WMF Commons File:Monarch_Butterfly_Chrysalis.JPG

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The OER university concept

Adapted from Taylor 2007

Free learning opportunities for all students worldwide

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The BIG & small context

juicyverve http://www.flickr.com/photos/juicyverve/2531105062/

Unsatisfied demand

Growing OER base

Existing protocols(e.g. APL)

Francisca Uloa http://www.flickr.com/photos/alosojos/346887379/

Jimmy Flink http://www.flickr.com/photos/jimmyroq/146827389/

bucklava http://www.flickr.com/photos/9229859@N02/2762432629/

Free-tuition courses

OER cost behaviours

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Unsatisfied demand for HE

http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/613445810/sizes/m/in/photostream/

100 million additional placesBy 2025

Slide 10

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Slide 16

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Cost levers for OERu

Luis Argerich http://www.flickr.com/photos/lrargerich/3029485203James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122

MarginalCost=ZERO

Collaborative development=Cheaper than going it alone

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So what have we got? ...

Open Access Journals

OpenCourseWare

OER and OEP

Melissa Sanders http://www.flickr.com/photos/themissiah/3491328675/Ricky http://www.flickr.com/photos/8656572@N04/4855311898/

Open Distance Learning experience

Open protocols for APL

INPUTS for the OERu logic model:

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The OER university concept

Adapted from Taylor 2007

Free learning opportunities for all students worldwide

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OERu – Logic model & plan for action

+200 participants

+46 Countries

23 Feb 2011

http://wikieducator.org/OERu

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The OERu logic model

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OERu 2011.11 meeting of anchor partners

Bachelor of general studiesPrototype courses during 2012Formal launch of the OERu 2013

OERu anchor partner decisions

160 people from41 countries

Slide 16

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The view from an OERu partner

Traditional modelTraditional model OERu model

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Open planning for open education futures

The cast of players at OERu meeting gives this event and its outcomes instant credibility

Remote Tweets: @dendroglyph

I can feel the buzz in the room in Dunedin, NZ. Let the Genie out of the bottle!

Public domain and free content images sourced from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

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Rules of the OERu game ...

Dawn Huczek: http://www.flickr.com/photos/31064702@N05/4697850589/in/photostream/

Credential OER learners (cost recovery)

Course credit transfer among OERu partners (for agreed credential)

Assemble minimum of 2 OER-based courses (for agreed credential)

Gold or silver member of the OER Foundation

OERTen partners agree ...

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Mechanics of OERu operations ...

Dawn Huczek: http://www.flickr.com/photos/31064702@N05/4697850589/in/photostream/

Recognition of prior learning (RPL) protocols provideprecedent for recognising OER learning, however:

- Existing RPL systems are expensive- Don't scale well.

OERu does not confer degrees (anchor partners do)

OERu anchor partners retain decision-making autonomy, eg:- Price for assessment and credential services- Local matriculation requirements- Courses and credentials provided under OERu network

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Technology requirements to set learning free

Slide 19Major Nelson: http://flickr.com/photos/majornelson/134012349/

Collaborative development environment

Support multiple delivery platforms (LMSs CMSs)

Detailed version control

Scalability

Open planning and development

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Open planning and implementation

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OERu course materials in WikiEducator

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Online and print-based delivery

Blogs LMS

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OERu learning environment

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Peer learning support

Ask OERu

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Next steps …

Recurrent cost recouped

No new money required

OERu is low cost, low risk But high IMPACT innovation

Hugiene Matters http://www.flickr.com/photos/hygienematters/4273036775/

Next steps …Calibrating sustainable innovation …

Slide 20Dongio: Watercolour painter dedicated to the public domain

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Free learning for all students worldwide

“This is not theoretical speculation,it is entirely viable.” Jim Taylor AM

You are free to join us ...

Paul (Dex) http://www.flickr.com/photos/dexxus/3146028811/

Compilation: Chad Miller, James Almond, Wayne MackintoshSee: http://wikieducator.org/File:OER-University-concept.png

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Crossing the OER chasm

Sharing to LEARN | learning to Share

OER advocates | Organisational implementation

All that is necessary for the closed and unsustainable education systems to triumph is for good organisations to do nothing. Edmund Burke (Paraphrased)

A transformational leadership dilemma ....

Embrace your responsibility to lead