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Transcript of OECD Work on Science, Technology and Industry
OECD WORK ON
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRY
2013-14
DIRECTORATE FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRYwww.oecd.org/sti
002012221_Cover STI_OK.indd 1-2 21/08/2012 10:14:46
OECD WORK ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRY
2 OrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment
3 DirectorateforScience,TechnologyandIndustry
4 New sources of growth
8 Innovation and social challenges
12 Science and technology
16 Internet economy
20 Industry and globalisation
24 Databases, publications and platforms
28 Ourstructure
30 Ourstaff
002012221_Brochure STI.indd 1 21/08/2012 09:20:47
© OECD 2012
2
science,technologyandtrade.Usingthisdata,theOECDworks
withgovernmentstounderstandwhatdriveseconomic,social
andenvironmentalchange.Italsosetsinternationalstandards
onawiderangeofpolicydomains,fromagricultureandtaxto
thesafetyofchemicals.Aboveall,drawingonfactsandreal-
life experience, the OECD recommends policies designed to
makethelivesofordinarypeoplebetter.
Inadditiontoits34membercountries,theOECDisinaccession
talkswiththeRussianFederation.TheOrganisationalsoworks
directly with many other countries, including key partners:
Brazil,China,India,IndonesiaandSouthAfrica.
The OECD is currently developing an overarching initiative
entitled“NewApproachestoEconomicChallenges”toreflect
on the lessons learned from the crisis and derive its policy
implications. The Directorate for Science, Technology and
Industry (STI) is contributing several key components,
includingmetricstomeasureandunderstandtrendssuchas
knowledge-basedcapitalandtradeinvalue-added,aswellas
analysistoprovideinsightsintothefutureroleofgovernment
inincreasinglycomplexeconomies.
The Organisation for Economic
Co-operationandDevelopment
(OECD) is an intergovernmental
organisation whose mission is to
promotepoliciesthatwillimprove
the economic and social well-
being of people around the world.
It provides a forum for member
and partner countries, committed
to democratic government and
the market economy, to work
togethertolearnfromeachother’s
experiences, identify good practices and find solutions to
commonproblems.Dialogue,consensusandpeerrevieware
fundamentalelementsofourwork.
The OECD is one of the world’s largest and most reliable
sourcesofcomparablestatistical,economicandsocialdata.It
monitorstrends,collectsdata,analyseseconomicdevelopment
and forecasts evolving patterns in a broad range of public
policy areas such as agriculture, development co-operation,
education, employment, environment, industry, innovation,
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Angel Gurría OECDSecretary-General
002012221_Brochure STI.indd 2 21/08/2012 09:20:48
Science, Technology and Industry 3OECD wOrk On
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policywork insuchareasasbiotechnology,nanotechnology,
innovation,competitivenessandglobalvaluechains.
Thefinancialandeconomiccrisishasaddednewchallenges
to our work. Short-term shocks coupled with long-term
structuralchanges–environmental,demographicandsocietal
–requireunprecedentedresponsesunderstringentbudgetary
constraints.
Ongoing work on knowledge-based capital can help address
these challenges. Our policy focus aims to unleash new
sources of growth that hold promise for productivity gains,
improvedgovernmentalefficiencyandadvancesinhealthand
theenvironment.Understandingtheuseofknowledge-based
capital is also essential to capture value from global value
chains,whichincreasinglyshapeworldtradepatterns.
In the search for sustainable growth, STI will also continue
to explore the contribution of science and technology to
advancing societal well-being and to addressing such global
challenges as climate change, ageing populations and food
security.
TheOECDDirectorateforScience,TechnologyandIndustry
(STI) develops evidence-based policy advice on the
contributionofscience,technologyandindustrytowell-being
andeconomicgrowth.
Wehavealongtraditionofdevelopingstatisticalmethodologies
and standards, as well as maintaining internationally
comparable databases to inform research, debate and policy
making in public and private sectors. Our data underpins
Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry
Knowledge generated by research, software, design, large databases, networks and smart organisations will increasingly drive growth and competitiveness. These intangible assets can contribute to a large share of a product’s value-added, and remain one of the main reasons why the world buys AppleTM phones and NespressoTM coffee. ”
“
Andrew Wyckoff STIDirector
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4
Business investment in knowledge-based capital and physical capital, as % of GDP (2009)
0
10
5
15
20
%
Greece Ita
lySpa
in
Irelan
d
Austri
a
German
y
Franc
e
Finlan
d
Netherl
ands
Denmark
Belgium
Sweden
United
Kingdo
m
United
States
Physical capitalKnowledge-based capital
Source: Joint Database on Intangibles for European Policymaking, based on data from INNODRIVE, COINVEST and the Conference Board, www.intan-invest.net (2012)
More than ever, restoring growth is the main objective of
governmentalpoliciesaroundtheworld,notleasttoaddress
ongoing sovereign debt crises and to tackle unemployment.
Thefollowingareasaremajordriversofthisgrowth:
Knowledge-based capitalGrowthinOECDeconomiesisincreasinglydrivenbyinvestment
in knowledge-based capital (KBC). These intangible assets
include digital information (software and data), innovative property (patents, copyrights, trademarks and designs) and
organisation-specific competencies (brand equity, training
andorganisationalcapital).Theyareakeyfactortocreatethe
typesofinnovationthatspurnewsourcesofgrowth.
The creation and application of knowledge are especially
critical to the ability of firms and organisations to develop
in a competitive global economy and to create high-wage
employmentandeconomicgrowth.Inparticular,KBCallows
countries and firms to upgrade their comparative advantage
by positioning themselves in high value-added industries,
activitiesandmarketsegments.
New sources of growthCreating value in the 21st century
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Intellectual property rightsIntellectual property rights (trademarks, patents, copyrights,
etc.) protect inventions developed by firms, institutions and
individualsandthusplayakeyroleinmoderneconomies.They
help foster research and innovation, diffusion of knowledge
andimprovedeconomicperformance.TheOECDdevelopsand
maintainssophisticatedpatentindicatorstomapandmonitor
aspects of the innovative performance of countries, regions,
andspecificdomainsandtechnologyfields.
Find out more
• OECDPatentStatisticsManual(2009)
• OECDPatentDatabase
www.oecd.org/sti/ipr-statistics
High quality “triadic” patent filings, index = 100 (2000-10)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201080
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120United StatesTotal OECDJapanEU27
Source: OECD MSTI Database (2012)
Thediffusionofinformationandcommunicationtechnologies,
newparticipativemodesofinnovation,theincreasingmobility
of people and the globalisation of firms have fostered the
emergenceofnewbusinessesmodels,networksandmarkets.
These dynamic sources of information centre around value
embeddedinsoftware,databases,patents,designsandbrands.
The rise of these forms of KBC creates new challenges for
policymakers and businesses regarding the ways in which
economic activity is measured. For example, the assets
associatedwiththecreationanddiffusionofknowledgerarely
appear on balance sheets and, only in some cases, are they
measuredaspartofGDP.
Many policy frameworks and institutions still seem best
suitedtoaworldinwhichphysicalcapital,suchasmachinery,
equipment and buildings, drive growth. But in some OECD
countries (such as Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the
UnitedStates)firmsnowinvestasmuchifnotmoreinKBCas
theydo inphysicalcapital.Today, thevalueofsome leading
globalcompaniesresidesalmostentirelyintheirKBC.
Find out more
• Knowledge-BasedCapitalDrivingInvestmentandProductivityin
the21stCentury(2012)
• OECDScience,TechnologyandIndustryScoreboard(2011,2013)
www.oecd.org/sti/industry-issues
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Forconsumers,theuseoftheirpersonaldataisleadingto
productstailoredtotheirpreferences,improvedefficiencies
andamorefocusedcustomerexperience.
Find out more
• CloudComputing:Concept,ImpactsandRoleofGovernment
Policy(2012)
• Machine-to-MachineCommunication:ConnectingBillionsof
Devices(2012)
• TheEvolvingPrivacyLandscape:30YearsAftertheOECDPrivacy
Guidelines(2011)
• TheRoleofInternetIntermediariesinAdvancingPublicPolicy
Objectives(2011)
www.oecd.org/sti/interneteconomy
World data storage in exabytes, or billions of gigabytes (2005-15)
01 0002 0003 0004 0005 0006 0007 0008 0009 000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Source: OECD, based on IDC Digital Universe research estimates (2010)
Big data analytics ThegrowingpervasivenessoftheInternetmeansthatpersonal
andprofessionalactivitiesareincreasinglyconductedonline,
whilenewcapabilitiesaresimultaneouslyemergingtocapture,
analyseandstoretheseinteractions.Theexplosivegrowthof
mobilenetworks,cloudcomputingandsmartICTapplications
(i.e.sensorsandmachine-to-machinecommunication)enables
vastfieldsofinformation–looselyreferredtoasbig data–tobe
processed,sharedandtransferredacrosstheglobe.
According to IDC Digital Universe, global data creation is
projectedtogrowat40%eachyear.Combinedwithpowerful
analytics, these huge reserves of information, including
personaldata,offertheprospectofsignificantvaluecreation,
social benefit and productivity enhancement, while also
raisingimportantpolicyandsocietalquestions,particularlyin
theareasofprivacyandsecurity.
In the healthcare sector, the sharing of health data
facilitatesaccesstomedicalcareandaffordsusefulinsights
for product and service innovation. Widening the use of
data, with appropriate safeguards in place, could deliver
tremendousvalueinimprovedqualityofhealthcareandof
caredelivery.
In the public administration sector, improved use of data
canhelptailorservicedeliverytoindividuals,improvefraud
detectionandhelpmakedemocracymoretransparentand
responsivetocitizens’needs.
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Job creation by high-growth firms (2002-05)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
%
High-growth firms as % of total firms
Share of job creation by high-growth firms
United
Kingdo
m
Finlan
dSpa
inIta
ly
United
States
Canad
a
Norway
Netherl
ands
Denmark
New Ze
aland
Austri
a
Source: What Drives the Dynamics of Business Growth?, OECD (2012)
High-growth firms and entrepreneurshipHigh growth firms are those businesses that, by virtue of
theirextraordinarygrowth,makethe largestcontributionto
netjobcreation.Theyareasignificantdriverofemployment
andproductivitygrowth,asourceofradicalandhigh-impact
innovationandakeyconnectorforfosteringinnovationwithin
theentrepreneurialecosystem.
Youngfirms,inparticular,accountforalargeshareofallnew
innovations and often exploit opportunities not taken up by
moreestablishedcompanies.Theyarevitaltodrivingforward
the process of “creative destruction” and generating new
opportunitiesforgrowth.
The financial crisis has shown that governments and policy
makers must strengthen the environment for high-growth
firmsbyprovidingtheproperframeworkconditions,reducing
barriersanduncertainty,strengtheningaccesstofinanceand
encouraginganentrepreneurialculture.
Find out more
• WhatDrivestheDynamicsofBusinessGrowth?(2012)
• RoleofHigh-GrowthFirmsinCatalysingEntrepreneurshipand
Innovation(2012)
• FinancingHigh-GrowthFirms:TheRoleofAngelInvestors(2011)
www.oecd.org/sti/industry-issues
…High-growth firms, defined as those with an average annual employee increase of 20%, only represented 6% of the total firms in the United Kingdom, but accounted for over 60% of job creation between 2002 and 2005.
did you know
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8
capacity, improve productivity
and stimulate sustainable
growth.
TheOECDalsoofferscomprehensive
assessmentsofacountry’sinnovationsystem,
focusing on the role of government to ensure efficient
linkagesbetweenscienceandindustry.Thereviews,conducted
atcountryrequest,provideconcretepolicyrecommendations
to harness technological change, boost economic growth,
achieve needed social objectives and create environments
conducivetofurtherinnovation.
Find out more
• OECDScience,TechnologyandIndustryScoreboard(2011,2013)
• OECDScience,TechnologyandIndustryOutlook(2012,2014)
• Demand-SideInnovationPolicies(2011)
• MeasuringInnovation:ANewPerspective(2010)
• InnovationinFirms:AMicroeconomicPerspective(2009)
• OsloManual:GuidelinesforCollectingandInterpretingInnovation
Data(3rdedition,2005)
www.oecd.org/sti/innovation
OECD Innovation StrategyToday’srecoveryfromtheglobalfinancialandeconomiccrisis
remains fragile. While no single policy instrument holds all
theanswers,innovation–ortheintroductionofbetterormore
effectiveproducts,processes,servicesandtechnologies–will
playakeyroleinanyefforttoimprovepeople’squalityoflife.
In both developed and developing countries, innovation
is crucial for long-term economic growth. It can foster
competitiveness, create employment and reduce inequality.
Innovationisessentialforaddressingpressingsocietalissues
suchasclimatechange,healthandpoverty.
Forthepast50years,theDirectorateforScienceandTechnology
(STI) has been a leader in the field of innovation and has
developedindicatorsandgoodpolicypractices inareassuch
assupporttoR&D,public/privatepartnershipsforinnovation
andoverallmanagementofnationalinnovationsystems.
In2010,theOECDlauncheditsInnovationStrategytopromote
theroleandmeasurementof innovation inorderto improve
macroeconomic performance and address social challenges.
Research in this area helps countries boost their innovation
Innovation and social challengesUnleashing sustainable growth and development
TheOECDalsoofferscomprehensive
assessmentsofacountry’sinnovationsystem,
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Inclusive innovationPolicy makers have a responsibility to ensure that policies
contributetoimprovingthequalityoflifeacrossallsegments
of society. But economic growth can sometimes exacerbate
inequalities both within and across regions, economic
activitiesandsocialgroups.
Innovation for developmentInnovation plays a pivotal role in economic development
throughout theworld, including indevelopingcountries.But
it is much more than just R&D conducted in the high-tech
industriesofdevelopedcountries. It isoftenaboutaseriesof
minorimprovementsofexistingtechnology,adaptationswhich
allow adoption and non-technological change. Innovation is
thereforewithinthereachofallcountriesbecausehighcosts
infinancialandhumancapitalarenotalwaysnecessary.The
transfer and adaptation of technologies can also contribute
to addressing urgent challenges such as providing access to
drinkingwater,eradicatingdiseasesandreducinghunger.
For developing countries, innovation is often first a process
of“catchingup”viatheadoptionofexisting,moreadvanced
technologies and institutions. But local innovation of an
incrementalorsocialnaturecanalsotakeplaceinindustriesin
whichcountrieshaveacomparativeadvantage.Furthermore,
eventhoughdevelopingcountriesgenerallylagbehindinterms
of overall productivity, they can still be at the technological
forefrontincertainindustries–especiallyingreentechnology
andinformationandcommunicationtechnologies.
Find out more
• InnovationforDevelopment(Booklet,2012)
• InnovationandtheDevelopmentAgenda(2010)
• InnovationandGrowth–ChasingaMovingFrontier(2009)
www.oecd.org/sti/innovation
Scienceandinnovationcanhelpsupportthetypeofinclusive
growththatprovidesopportunitiesforlargesegmentsofthe
population, whether through job creation or by providing
products and services aimed at the needs of the poorest in
society,suchasmedicines,seedsorcleanwater.
Both developing and developed countries can leverage
innovationtoaddresshighratesofsocialexclusionandpoverty
aspartoftheirdevelopmentstrategies.Solutionsincludeoffering
affordableversionsofsophisticatedproductsandtechnologies
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innovation, foster business investment and encourage
consumeradoptionofgreentechnologies.
Find out more
• “TransitioningtoGreenInnovationandTechnology,”inOECD
Science,TechnologyandIndustryOutlook(2012)
• FosteringInnovationforGreenGrowth(2012)
• OECDSustainableManufacturingToolkit(2011)
• Eco-InnovationinIndustry:EnablingGreenGrowth(2010)
www.oecd.org/innovation/green
Foresight and risk assessmentRapidchangeandgrowinguncertaintyarefactorsunderlying
almost all decision-making today. Alerting policy makers to
emerging trends, helping them anticipate developments and
ensuringtheirdecisionsstayrobustinthelong-termarekey
ingredientsofOECDforesightwork.
Inafast-movingworld,earlyidentificationandassessmentof
technological opportunities in leading-edge sectors such as
theInterneteconomy,biotechnologyandrenewableenergyare
criticaltoaddressthesocietalchallengesthatlieahead.
Equally important, however, is the early identification and
assessmentof risks.The last fewyearshaveseenaspateof
majordisastersandhighlydisruptiveevents,fromearthquakes,
tsunamis and floods to epidemics, famine, devastating oil
spills and serious attacks on ICT systems. The rapid pace
forpurchasebylower-incomegroupsandfacilitatingthetype
of grassroots entrepreneurship that integrates marginalised
groupsintocircuitsofeconomicactivity.
Find out more
www.oecd.org/sti/innovation
Green innovationGreengrowthcanbeseenasawaytopursueeconomicgrowth
anddevelopmentwhilepreventingenvironmentaldegradation,
biodiversitylossandunsustainablenaturalresourceuse.
Sustainablegrowthultimatelyimplies“decoupling”theuseof
naturalresourcesandgenerationofenvironmentalandclimate
impactsfromeconomicactivities.Thisglobalchallengecannot
be addressed by “business as usual” but requires significant
innovation,i.e.thecreationanduseofnewproducts,processes
andtechnologies.
Improving resourceandenergyuseandengaging inabroad
rangeof innovationsto improveenvironmentalperformance
willultimatelyleadtonewindustriesandnewjobs,including
inemergingareassuchasbiotechnology,nanotechnologyand
informationandcommunicationtechnologies.
By developing a practical knowledge base to support the
greening efforts of governments, industry and consumers,
the OECD helps advance policies that will stimulate green
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economy. This silver economy – both for and by the elderly –
holdspotentialtocreatejobsandneweconomicactivitiesin
sectorssuchaspublicservices,healthandwell-being,leisure,
sports,culture,tourism,newmedia,telecommunicationsand
financialservices.
The OECD examines how countries are currently enabling
innovationinsuchservicesectorsashealthandnursingcare,
education,transportationandurbandevelopment.
Find out more
• “ScienceandTechnologyPerspectivesforanAgeingSociety,”in
OECDScience,TechnologyandIndustryOutlook(2012)
• “InformationandCommunicationTechnologiesforHealthand
Ageing,”inOECDInternetEconomyOutlook(2012)
www.oecd.org/sti/innovation
of globalisation, urbanisation and growing economic and
technicalinterdependencesuggestthatthe21stcenturyislikely
to seemore, rather than fewer, suchcrises.TheOECDhelps
detect and manage these threats through its work on earth
observationandremotesensing,cybersecurity,biotechnology,
supplychainvulnerabilityandtheestablishmentofuniform
standardsforcalculatingandmonitoringearthquakes.
Find out more
• StrategicTransportInfrastructureNeedsto2030(2012)
• FutureGlobalShocks:ImprovingRiskGovernance(2011)
• TheBioeconomyto2030(2009)
www.oecd.org/futures
Silver economyIn2008,therewereonaveragefourpersonsofworkingagefor
every retiredperson in theOECDarea. In2050, thisnumber
willdroptoonlytwoworkersperretiree.
Ageingpopulationscouldstrainhealthservices,long-termcare
systems,publicfinancesandeconomicperformanceformany
OECD countries in the years ahead. Science and technology,
especiallydevelopmentsinbiomedicineandICTapplications,
can play an important role in helping the elderly remain as
healthy,autonomousandactiveaspossible.
Stimulating innovation to meet the needs of the elderly can
improve their quality of life but can also benefit the wider
…Japan’s 2009 New Growth Strategy estimates that innovation in the medical and nursing care sectors in Japan alone would create 2.8 million new jobs and a new market worth JPY 45 trillion (USD 565 billion) by 2020.
did you know
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12
ensurethatinvestmentsinscience-basededucationyieldnet
benefits for the economy by collecting evidence on current
arrangements, identifying good training practices and
highlightingfuturedirectionstosupportcareerdevelopment
andimprovedresearch.
Current policy work focuses on promoting lifelong learning,
increasing the mobility of skilled labour (notably across
borders), improving the participation of women and other
under-representedgroups,increasingICTskillsforthedigital
economy and improving the match between job supply and
demandintheemergingsciences.
Find out more
• OECDScience,TechnologyandIndustryScoreboard(2011,2013)
• OECDScience,TechnologyandIndustryOutlook(2012,2014)
• KnowledgeNetworksandMarketsintheLifeSciences(2012)
• PublicResearchInstitutions:MappingSectorTrends(2011)
• MappingCareersandMobilityofDoctorateHolders(2010)
• FrascatiManual(6thedition,2002)
• OECDMainScienceandTechnologyIndicators
• ResearchandDevelopmentStatistics
www.oecd.org/science
Management of public researchScience and technology have radically changed during the
last few decades, owing to the increasingly global nature of
the world economy, growing interdisciplinarity and an ever-
changing social context. The recent financial crisis and the
shifting balance of the world economy towards emerging
economies have further accelerated and accentuated these
changes, and have placed a premium on policy approaches
thatmanagepublicfundingasefficientlyaspossible.
Through their activities in discovering, using and diffusing
knowledge, public research organisations and universities
playacrucialroleinspurringresearchandinnovation.Aspart
of a national and international infrastructure, these centres
of science help advance education and training, assist with
technologytransferandcanachievetargetedpolicyobjectives.
Theiractivitiesoftengeneratespilloversforthewidereconomy
byhelpingfirmstoexpandtheircapabilities.
Researchers and highly-skilled workforceIndividual researchers are key inputs into science and
technologyactivityandtheireducationandcareerdevelopment
are important policy topics. The OECD helps governments
Science and technology Advancing knowledge and innovation
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R&D in OECD and non-OECD countries (2010)
USA
CHN
JPN
DEU
KOR
FRA
GBR
CAN
RUS
ITA
AUSESP
SWE
NLD
AUT
CHE
TUR
BEL
FIN
DNK
MEX
POL
ZAF
NOR
PRT
CZE
IRL
HUNGRC
NZL
SVN
CHL
LUX
SVK
ISL
EST
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
1 Billion
10 Billion
100 Billion
R&D Volumes, in USD and PPP BRIICSNorth AmericaEU27Other OECD members
R&D expenditure, as % of GDP
Researchers, in thousands
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2012 and OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2011, based on OECD MSTI Database (2012)
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NanotechnologyNanotechnologyenablesthemanipulation,studyandexploitation
ofverysmall(typicallylessthan100nanometres)structuresand
systems. It contributes to thedevelopmentofnovelmaterials,
devicesandproducts–fromtyrestotouchscreens–thathave
thepotentialtoaffectvirtuallyeveryareaofeconomicactivity
aswellashelpaddresssocietalandenvironmentalchallenges,
suchasrenewableenergyandwatersupply.
OECD work on nanotechnology helps promote and facilitate
the responsible commercialisation of nanotechnology. Policy
focusincludes:identifyingopportunitiesandimpedimentsfor
realising theeconomic, environmentalandsocialbenefitsof
nanotechnology;encouraginganappropriateenvironmentfor
commercialisation and technology transfer; and facilitating
the development of internationally comparable statistics
and indicators to track the research, development and
commercialisationofnanotechnology.
Find out more
• PlanningGuideforPublicEngagementandOutreach
in Nanotechnology(2012)
• FosteringNanotechnologytoAddressGlobalChallenges:
Water(2011)
• TheImpactsofNanotechnologyonCompanies(2010)
• Nanotechnology:AnOverviewBasedonIndicatorsandStatistics
(2009)
www.oecd.org/sti/nano
International scientific co-operationCollaboration has become a pervasive feature of research
activities in most countries. Geographical and cultural
proximity,thewidespreaduseofEnglishandtheubiquityof
information and communication technologies are all factors
thathavehelpedextend thescopeof international scientific
collaboration.
The OECD promotes international scientific co-operation
by facilitating frequent consultations among senior science
policyofficialsfromaroundtheworld.Byprovidingaforum,
theOECDhelpspolicymakersexploreopportunities fornew
or enhanced co-operation in selected scientific areas; define
internationalframeworksforvitalnationalorregionalscience
policydecisions;andaddressthescientificdimensionsrelated
toglobalchallenges.
Find out more
• MeetingGlobalChallengesthroughBetterGovernance:
InternationalCo-operationinScience,TechnologyandInnovation
(2012)
• FacilitatingInternationalCo-operationinNon-CommercialClinical
Trials(2012)
• Opportunities,ChallengesandGoodPracticesinInternational
ResearchCooperation(2011)
• LargeResearchInfrastructures(2011)
www.oecd.org/sti/gsf
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and broadcasting, disaster management – these essential
activitieslargelyrelyonsatellitetechnology.TheOECDhelps
spaceagenciesandgovernmentsunderstandtheimplications
ofthespaceeconomybydevelopingmethodologies,indicators
andstatisticsformeasuringitsimpact.
Find out more
• OECDHandbookonMeasuringtheSpaceEconomy(2012)
• SpaceTechnologiesandFoodSecurity(2012)
• TheSpaceEconomyataGlance(2011)
www.oecd.org/futures
Space budgets of G20 countries, in USD millions (2010)
0.0612334255
176274338
483934
1 1941 669
2 6152 665
3 5516 295
6 502
53 24043 600
10 537
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000
MexicoAustralia
TurkeyIndonesiaArgentina
BrazilRepublic of Korea
CanadaUnited Kingdom
ItalyIndia
GermanyFrance
Russian FederationJapan
European UnionChinaBRIC
United StatesG7
Source: OECD Handbook on Measuring the Space Economy (2012)
BiotechnologyBiotechnologyaddsvaluetoahostofproductsandservices,
producing a new set of economic activities related to the
invention, development and use of products and processes.
An increasingly important driver of sustainable growth
and development, the transition to a robust and efficient
bioeconomyrequirescarefulmanagement.
Givenfavourableconditions,thebioeconomywillcontinueto
contribute significantly to socio-economic progress in OECD
and non-OECD countries. It holds vast potential to improve
health outcomes, boost the productivity of agriculture and
industrialprocessesandenhancesustainability.
Find out more
• BiotechnologyfortheEnvironment(2012)
• SyntheticBiologyandKnowledgeInfrastructures(2012)
• IndustrialBiotechnologyandClimateChange(2011)
• FutureProspectsforIndustrialBiotechnology(2011)
• TheBioeconomyto2030(2009)
• KeyOECDBiotechnologyIndicators
www.oecd.org/sti/biotechnology
SpaceThespaceindustryisrelativelysmallcomparedtoothersectors,
butitstechnologicaldynamismandstrategicsignificancemean
that it plays an increasingly critical role in modern society.
Weatherforecasting,airtrafficcontrol,globalcommunications
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Wireless Internet access overtaking fixed broadband subscriptions, in millions of subscriptions (1997-2011)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Fixed broadband Wireless Internet
Millions
Source: OECD Broadband Portal (2012)
Thanks to nearly one billion broadband subscriptions in
the OECD area, the Internet is a key platform that supports
every sector of the economy and is a fundamental driver of
productivity gains and economic growth. And with mobile
broadband usage soaring thanks to the uptake of smart
phones, the Internet continues to expand to an even wider
rangeofportabledevicesandmarkets.
The economic activity stemming from this connectivity
provides increasing social and economic benefits through
greater access to information, e-commerce, communication,
socialnetworkingandwebservices.Itenablesnewbusinesses,
entrepreneurship, productivity gains and global business
expansion.TheInternetisalsocriticaltoempowerconsumers;
to improve health, education and labour market efficiency;
andtoenablegovernmentstomoreopenlycommunicatewith
theircitizens.
Find out more
• OECDInternetEconomyOutlook(2012)
• OECDKeyICTIndicators
www.oecd.org/internet
Internet economyToward ubiquitous connectivity
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Science, Technology and Industry 17OECD wOrk On
© OECD 2012
Security and privacyFor global networks to be trustworthy, infrastructures and
services must be reliable; transactions must be secure and
private;andpersonaldatamustbeeffectivelyprotected.
Suchobjectiveshavetraditionallydependedongovernments,
butgiventhefast-pacedevolutionofinformationtechnologies,
theprivatesectorplaysanincreasinglyimportantrole.
The OECD promotes an internationally co-ordinated policy
makingapproachtoprotectingsecurityandprivacy inorder
to help build trust in the global information society and to
facilitateelectroniccommerce.
Find out more
• TheProtectionofChildrenOnline(2012)
• TheEvolvingPrivacyLandscape:30YearsaftertheOECDPrivacy
Guidelines(2011)
• ReviewofCross-borderCo-operationintheEnforcementofLaws
ProtectingPrivacy(2011)
www.oecd.org/sti/security-privacy
Broadband and telecommunicationsBroadband is a fundamental infrastructure for economic
and social development. It serves as a communication and
transaction platform for the entire economy and improves
productivity across all sectors. Trends show that broadband
speeds keep increasing while prices are falling. The OECD
performsanalysisontelecommunicationmarketliberalisation
and performance; regulatory issues such as interconnection
anduniversalservice;andonthedevelopmentofbroadband
infrastructuretosupportelectroniccommerce.
Find out more
• OECDCommunicationsOutlook(2011,2013)
• OECDBroadbandPortal
www.oecd.org/sti/telecom
Broadband price and speed changes in OECD area (2008, 2011)
-3%
+32%
-4%
+31%DSL
Cable
Prices
Speeds
Source: OECD Broadband Portal (2012)
…Work on privacy and transborder data flows at the OECD began in the early 1970s. In 1980, the OECD Privacy Guidelines were the first internationally agreed-upon principles for information privacy, and the subsequent basis for many national policies on data privacy.
did you know
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Internet openessThe decentralised and open nature of the Internet has
stimulated innovation, delivered economic benefits and
given voice to democratic aspirations. Amid concerns that
this openness is at risk, the OECD strives to preserve the
fundamentallydynamicnatureoftheInternetwhileprotecting
privacy,security,childrenonline,intellectualpropertyandthe
freeflowofinformation.
The OECD Principles for Internet Policy Making urge policy
makers to protect the openness of the Internet in order to
furtherunleash innovation,creativityandeconomicgrowth.
Theprinciplessupportaflexible,multi-stakeholdermodelof
development and management for the Internet rather than
an international regulatory approach, while strengthening
internationalco-operationintheprocess.
Find out more
• OECDPrinciplesforInternetPolicyMaking
www.oecd.org/internet
Digital contentTheInternethastransformedindustriesaroundtheworldand
has ushered in an ever-increasing switch to digital content.
The OECD provides cutting-edge analysis on the related
developments,trendsandpolicyimplicationssurroundingthis
constantlyevolvingfield.
Find out more
• TheAppEconomy(2012)
• E-books:DevelopmentsandPolicyConsiderations(2012)
• TheRelationshipbetweenLocalContent,InternetDevelopment
andAccessPrices(2012)
• TheRoleofInternetIntermediariesinAdvancingPublicPolicy
Objectives(2011)
• VirtualWorlds:ImmersiveOnlinePlatformsforCollaboration,
CreativityandLearning(2011)
www.oecd.org/sti/digitalcontent
It is really important to preserve openness to increase innovation.”
“
Tim Berners-Lee,DirectoroftheWorld
WideWebConsortiumandinventorof
theWorldWideWeb,HighLevelOECD
MeetingontheInternetEconomy,
June2011
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Find out more
• ConsumerProtectionforOnlineandMobilePayments(2012)
• ConsumerPolicyToolkit(2010)
• GlobalPortalonProductRecalls
www.oecd.org/sti/consumerpolicy
Consumer empowermentConsumersaccountforover60%ofGDPintheOECDareaand
thusplayavitalroleaseconomicdecisionmakers.Consumers
who know their rights and have the information to make
meaningful choices when buying goods or services spur
businessinnovationandcompetition.
Consumers are also the driving force behind much of the
Internet Economy. Having access to timely, comprehensive
andtrustworthy informationontheircomputersandmobile
devices, consumers are more knowledgeable of product and
servicecharacteristicsandareabletomakebetterpurchases.
Moreover,theirdecisionsdrivemarketstowardslowerproduct
pricesandhigherquality.
Governments play an important role in helping consumers
understandtheirrightsandinprotectingtheirinterests.The
OECD aims to help governments around the world design
effective consumer policies by examining issues of global
relevance to consumers and by developing principles to
promote efficient, transparent and fair global markets for
consumers.
TheOECDconductsresearchone-commerce,productsafety,
education,cross-borderfraud,disputeresolutionandredress.
It also examines consumer economics, focusing on the new
insightsprovidedbyworkonbehaviouraleconomics.
”
…Credit card contracts were typically one page long in the 1980s compared to over 30 pages today. Contrary to popular belief, more information is not always a good thing. Instead, less jargon is better for consumers.
did you know
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Theaimofthisworkistoexplorehowgovernmentscanmake
efficient policy interventions to strengthen their economies
andtofosternewareasofpotentialgrowth,withoutdistorting
nationalorinternationalmarketsintheprocess.Theresearchis
basedonanalysisofsectoralandfirm-leveldata,whichprovide
detailedinsightsintofirmbehaviourandtheroleofpoliciesin
strengtheninggrowthandproductivity.Theempiricalanalysis
iscomplementedbyqualitativeevaluationsofbusinesscases
andnewbusinessmodelstoprovideadditionalinsights.
Find out more
• AttractivenessforInnovation–LocationFactorsforInternational
Investment(2011)
• OECDHandbookonEconomicGlobalisationIndicators(2010)
• OECDScience,TechnologyandIndustryScoreboard(2011,2013)
• InnovationinFirms:MicroeconomicPerspective(2009)
• BilateralTradeinGoodsbyIndustryandEnd-useCategory
(BTDIxE)Database
• MeasuringGlobalisation:OECDEconomicGlobalisation
Indicators(2010)
• STANInput-OutputDatabase
www.oecd.org/sti/industry-issues
Amainconcernofgovernmentsaroundtheworldistheimpact
ofindustrialglobalisationondomesticemployment,economic
growthandinnovativecapacity.
Industry and globalisationAdapting to new economic interdependencies
The OECD focuses on the structural characteristics of
economies for growth and productivity performance, and
on the role of governments in fostering growth-enhancing
structuralreform.Itincludesanalysisontherespectiveroles
ofmanufacturingandservicesintheeconomy,aswellason
theroleofglobalisation.
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ShipbuildingOECD work on shipbuilding seeks to progressively establish
more competitive conditions in the industry. It encourages
transparencythroughdatacollectionandanalysis,andseeks
toexpandpolicydialoguewithnon-OECDeconomiesthathave
significantshipbuildingindustries.
Byprovidingaforumforinformationexchange,policydialogue
and peer review, the OECD helps discourage subsidies and
other non-commercial practices. It is the only international
body that can influence and guide government policies by
identifying and, where possible, eliminating factors that
distorttheshipbuildingmarket.
Find out more
• ShipbuildingIndustryinTurkey(2011)
• ShipbuildingIndustryinChina(2009)
www.oecd.org/sti/shipbuilding
SteelForover30years,theOECDhashelpedtoensuretransparent
andopensteelmarkets.Byfocusingonissuesrelatedtomarket
conditionsinsteelandrelatedrawmaterials,theOECDhelps
governmentsaddressevolvingchallengesfacingtheindustry.
Work also explores the contribution of new steelmaking
technologies,suchascarboncaptureandstorage,tomitigate
climatechange.
While the OECD is not the place to establish and supervise
legallybindingrulesofthesteelmarket,ithasemergedover
the years as the unique platform where multilateral steel
problemscanbediscussedandpoliticalsolutionsfound.
By fostering a global environment in which steel producers
competeunderfairconditions,theOECDcontributestoamore
transparent, viable and sustainable steel industry, so that
steelcontinuestocontributetoimprovedeconomicprosperity
aroundtheworld.
Find out more
• DevelopmentsinSteelmakingCapacityofNon-OECDEconomies
(2010)
www.oecd.org/sti/steel
…OECD Steel Committee members and observers account for around 50% of world steel production and more than 80% of world exports of steel.
did you know
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Trade in value-addedUnderstanding and measuring global value chains is clearly
essential to capture value from world trade. However, the
fragmentation of production has meant that the traditional
measuresoftradethatrecordgrossflowsofgoodsandservices
every time they cross borders often present an inaccurate
pictureofbilateraltradebalances.
Sinceexistingdataand indicators fall shortofcapturing the
impact of GVCs on national economies, governments are
lookingformoreandbetterpolicyevidence.
Due to its high quality databases, the OECD, in partnership
withtheWorldTradeOrganisation,haslaunchedanambitious
projecttomeasuretradeinvalue-added.Insteadofthedouble
countingincurrentestimatesofgrosstradeflows,theproject
measures flows related to the value-added by a country (in
labourcompensation, taxesandprofits) in theproductionor
assembly of goods. The results will provide a better picture
oftheintegrationandpositionofcountriesinGVCsandhelp
to illustrate the complex interdependencies in our global
economy.
Find out more
• TradeinValue-Added:Concepts,MethodologiesandChallenges
• STANInput-OutputDatabase
• BilateralTradeinGoodsDatabase
www.oecd.org/trade/valueadded
Global value chainsAs globalisation motivates companies to restructure their
operationsthroughoutsourcingandoffshoring,international
tradeisbeingprogressivelyorganisedwithinglobal value chains
(GVCs) whereby different stages of production take place in
different countries. As a result, firms, countries and other
economicactorscontinuetobecomeincreasinglyconnected.
The importance of GVCs has reshaped the global trade
landscape, but the policy impacts go beyond trade. OECD
workonGVCsidentifiesdomesticsourcesofcompetitiveness,
impact of GVCs on employment, opportunities for emerging
economies to move up the value chain, and how increased
economicinterdependencymayaffectglobalsystemicrisk.
GVCs are expected to result in a more efficient allocation of
productive resources across the world, however, the gains
are not distributed evenly and differ across countries.
The OECD assists by providing greater understanding and
better measurement of the impact of GVCs in order to help
governmentsenhancethebenefitsfromglobaltrade.
Find out more
• ExportPerformanceofCountrieswithinGlobalValueChains(2012)
• InternationalComparativeEvidenceonGlobalValueChains(2012)
• StayingCompetitiveintheGlobalEconomy:MovinguptheValue
Chain(2008)
www.oecd.org/sti/industry-issues
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Science, Technology and Industry 23OECD wOrk On
© OECD 2012
The import content of exports is the amount of imported goods used in the
productionofanexportedgood.Theabovefigureshowsthatbehindevery
exportedgoodisahostofimportedintermediarygoodsthatwereusedin
theproductionprocess.Formanycountries,thisshareofimportedcontentis
closeto40%andhasrisensignificantlyovertime.Suchfiguresdemonstrate
that traditional measures of trade that only record the final stage of
productionoftenpresentanoutmodedpictureofbilateraltradebalances.
The chart to the right takes an even closer look at this phenomenon by
focusingonaspecificsector.Itshowsthatforeverycomputerexportedby
China,roughlyhalfofthecomponentpartshadbeenimportedfromother
countries.Putanotherway,China’scontributionintermsofvalue-addedis
only50%ofacomputer’sfinalvalue.
Import content of exports, as % of total exports (1995, 2005)
LUX
HUNES
TIR
LSVK
CZESVN
BEL PRTKOR FIN ISR
MEXDNK
NLD AUTES
PSWE
POL ITA CANCHN
DEU FRA
GRCTUR
GBRIN
DID
NNOR
JPN
ZAFBRA
AUSUSA
NZL RUS0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70%
2005 1995
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2011, based on OECD STAN Input-Output Database (2011)
Import content of exported computers by China (2005)
China
EU27
North America
Latin America
Japan
Rest of World
Asia-Pacific
Source: OECD STAN Input-Output Database (2011)
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Main Science and Technology Indicators Database (MSTI)www.oecd.org/sti/msti
76indicatorsonresearchandexperimentaldevelopment(R&D)aswellasresearchpersonnel,patents,technologybalanceofpaymentsandinternationaltradeinR&D-intensiveindustries.Updatedbiannually.
Research and Development Database (R&D) www.oecd.org/sti/rds
CoversawiderangeofdataonR&Dexpenditureandpersonnel.Updatedannuallyandavailablefrom1981onwards.
Input-Output Database (I-O)www.oecd.org/sti/inputoutput
Internationally-harmonisedtablesusedtoexploreinter-industrialrelationships,includingthemeasurementoftradeinvalue-added,carbonembodiedintrade,etc.
Structural Analysis Database (STAN)www.oecd.org/sti/stan
Industryemployment,production,investmentandtradedatafor57manufacturingandservicessectorsbasedontheISICRev.3classification,from1970onwards.
Bilateral Trade Database (BTDIxE)www.oecd.org/sti/btd
Exportsandimportsofgoodsusedtoprovideinsightsintothepatternsoftradeinintermediategoodsbetweencountries.Thesedatahelptrackglobalproductionnetworks,supplychainsandtradeinvalue-added.
Patent Databasewww.oecd.org/sti/ipr-statistics
Dataonpatentapplications,patentcountsbycountryandtechnologyfields,internationalco-operationinpatents,etc.
Broadband Portalwww.oecd.org/sti/ict/broadband
Coversawiderangeofbroadband-relatedstatisticsonpenetration,usage,coverage,prices,servicesandspeeds.
Key databases
Databases, publications and platformsOn-demand resources for policy makers
002012221_Brochure STI.indd 24 21/08/2012 09:21:03
Science, Technology and Industry 25OECD wOrk On
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OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook
TheSTIOutlookreviewskeytrendsin
science,technologyandinnovation.
Italsoprovidesindividualprofilesof
thescienceandinnovationperformance
foreachOECDcountry,aswellasfor
anumberofmajoremergingeconomies
includingBrazil,China,India,the
RussianFederationandSouthAfrica.
www.oecd.org/sti/outlook
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard
Themostcomprehensivesetof
indicatorsontheknowledge-based
economy,theScoreboardbrings
togetherinternationallycomparable
indicators.Ithasbecomeawidely
usedreferencethatcombines
statisticalrigourwitheasyaccess
andreadability.
www.oecd.org/sti/scoreboard
Flagship publications
OECD Internet Economy Outlook
TheInternetEconomyOutlook
analysesmarketdynamicsand
trendsinITgoodsandservices
industries,thedevelopmentand
impactofelectronicbusiness
processes,digitalcontent,ICTskills
andemploymentandtrendsinICT
policy.
www.oecd.org/internet
OECD Communications Outlook
TheCommunicationsOutlook
examinesdevelopmentsinthe
communicationssectorand
comparestherelatedperformance
andpolicyframeworksinOECD
countries.
www.oecd.org/sti/telecom/outlook
002012221_Brochure STI.indd 25 21/08/2012 09:21:06
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Working papers and policy reportsOECDScience,TechnologyandIndustryWorkingPaperscover
abroadrangeofscientificandtechnologicalissuesandconsist
of studies, both technical and analytical in nature, prepared
bystafforoutsideconsultants.Theseriesprimarily includes
working papers, meant to share early knowledge and elicit
feedback.
TheOECDDigitalEconomyPapersseriescoversabroadrange
ofICT-relatedissuesandmakesselectedstudiesavailabletoa
widerreadership.Theseriesprimarilyincludespolicyreports,
which are officially declassified by an OECD Committee for
publicdiffusion.
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/18151965
OECD Digital Economy Papers
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/20716826
Country studies and peer reviewsThe OECD provides independent assessments of countries’
progress in achieving policy objectives in the areas of
telecommunications, ICT diffusion to business and fostering
innovation.Reviewsareconductedtopromotepeerlearning,
take advantage of good practice and to help governments
implement reform. The analyses are supported by a broad
rangeofeconomicdataandcountrycomparisonsandresultin
targetedpolicyrecommendations.
OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
Sweden(2012),SouthEastAsia(2012),Slovenia(2012),Peru(2011),
RussianFederation(2011),Mexico(2009),Korea(2009),China(2008),
SouthAfrica(2007),etc.
www.oecd.org/sti/innovation/reviews
OECD Telecommunications Reviews
Mexico(2012),Germany(2004),France(2003),China(2003),Canada
(2002),Turkey(2002),UnitedKingdom(2002),Poland(2002),etc.
www.oecd.org/sti/telecom/reports
OECD Reviews of ICT Diffusion to Business
Spain(2010),India(2010),Austria(2006),TheNetherlands(2005),
Denmark(2004),Finland(2004),Italy(2004),Korea(2004),etc.
www.oecd.org/sti/internet/ict-reviews
002012221_Brochure STI.indd 26 21/08/2012 09:21:06
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© OECD 2012
Global portal on product recallsHealthandsafetyareattheheartofOECDworkonconsumer
policy.Protectingconsumers,especiallychildren,fromunsafe
productsandpartsrequiresrigorouslegislationandbetterlaw
enforcement.
The OECD is developing an online data portal that will
provide updated information on global product recalls and
emerginghazards.Thispublicportalwillbemadeaccessible
inseverallanguagestothebenefitofregulators,policymakers,
businessesandcitizensalike.
Find out more
www.oecd.org/sti/consumerpolicy
Innovation Policy PlatformGrowththat isdrivenbyscience, technologyand innovation
requirestherightmixofcross-functionalandmultidisciplinary
policyactionsacrosssuchdiverseareasaseducation,research,
financeandpublicprocurement.Thechallenge is to identify
thepolicysolutionsthatworkinagivennationalcontext.
TheInnovationPolicyPlatform(IPP)isajointprojectbetween
theOECDandtheWorldBanktobuildaweb-based,open-data
interactiveplatformtofacilitatecollectivelearningprocesses
aroundscience, technologyand innovationpolicy. Itsgoal is
to provide policy makers with tailored support in analysing
anddevelopingnationalinnovationsystems.TheIPPisbeing
builtaroundasetofmodulesthatcovercoreareasandfrontier
topics,including:
Policy briefstoprovideshortevidence-baseddescriptionsof
policyinstrumentsandtopics;
Case studies that use written narratives and video to
highlightspecificexperiencesintacklingproblems;
Country profiles with snapshots of the main indicators
characterisingcountries’innovationperformance;
Quantitative indicators to support policy analysis and
benchmarking. Interactive visualisation tools will also
enableuserstoexploreanddownloaddata.
Find out more
www.oecd.org/sti/innovation
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28
TheCommittee for Information, Computer and Communications Policy (ICCP) and its working parties develop the policy and
regulatory environments needed for the expansion of the
Internet and information and communications technologies
(ICTs) as drivers of innovation, productivity, growth,
sustainabledevelopmentandsocialwell-being.
The Committee on Consumer Policy (CCP) and its working
party promote consumer trust by developing cross-border
policiesandmechanismsforamoreefficient,transparentand
fairglobalmarketplace.
TheSteel Committee (STEEL)andtheCouncil Working Party on Shipbuilding (COUNCILWP6)worktowardsensuringthat
markets in the steel and shipbuilding industries remain as
unrestrictedandfreeofdistortionaspossible.
Global ForumsOECDGlobalForumsarecreatedbyOECDcommitteesasaway
to involveabroader rangeofviews in theirwork.TheOECD
GlobalForumsarenotofficialbodies,butrathercommunities
of stakeholders that meet under the responsibility of one or
moreOECDcommittees.
The work of the Directorate for Science, Technology and
Industry (STI) is governed by its committees and working
parties,composedofseniorcivilservantsfromOECDcountries
nominatedbytheirgovernments.Membersaregenerallyfrom
ministries or government agencies with responsibility for
policymaking, regulationand implementation.Theyusually
meettwiceayeartodiscuss,assessandprioritisework.
In addition, STI draws on a wide range of competencies both
withintheOECDandfromexpertsingovernment,universities,
enterprises,tradeassociations,civilsocietyandNGOstoprovide
inputintokeyscience,technologyandinnovationissues.
Committees and working partiesTheCommittee for Scientific and Technological Policy (CSTP)
anditsworkingpartiesadvancethecontributionofsciencefor
economic growth, sustainable development, the creation of
skilledjobsandimprovedsocialwell-being.
TheCommittee on Industry, Innovation and Entrepreneurship
(CIIE) and its working parties focus on drivers of industrial
productivity and competitiveness, on factors affecting
the performance of firms (large and small) and sectors
(manufacturing and services) and on patterns and levels of
industrialglobalisation.
Our structure
002012221_Brochure STI.indd 28 21/08/2012 09:21:07
Science, Technology and Industry 29OECD wOrk On
© OECD 2012
OECD Council
Committee for Scientifi c and Technological Policy
Committee on Industry, Innovation and
Entrepreneurship
Committee for Information, Computer and
Communications Policy
Committee on Consumer Policy
Steel Committee
WorkingPartyofNationalExpertsonScienceandTechnologyIndicators
WorkingPartyonIndicatorsfortheInformationSociety
WorkingPartyonConsumer
ProductSafety
OECDGlobalForumonBiotechnology
TaskForceonIndustrialBiotechnology
OECDGlobalForumontheKnowledgeEconomy
WorkingPartyonGlobalisationofIndustry
CouncilWorkingPartyonShipbuilding
WorkingPartyonBiotechnology
WorkingPartyontheInformationEconomy
WorkingPartyonIndustryAnalysis
WorkingPartyonInnovationandTechnologyPolicy
WorkingPartyonCommunicationInfrastructuresand
ServicesPolicy
WorkingPartyonSMEsandEntrepreneurship
WorkingPartyonResearchInstitutionsandHuman
Resources
WorkingPartyonInformationSecurity
andPrivacy
WorkingPartyonNanotechnology
OECDGlobalScienceForum
Global Forums
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© OECD 2012
30
Thestaffat theDirectorate forScience,Technologyand Industryencompassessome130publicservants,economists,policy
analysts,statisticiansandadministrativestafffromover20countries.
Our staff
002012221_Brochure STI.indd 30 21/08/2012 09:21:11
Science, Technology and Industry 31OECD wOrk On
© OECD 2012
Key contacts
Director’sOfficeAndrew WyckoffDirector
[email protected].:+33145249355
Director’sOfficeYuko HarayamaDeputy Director
[email protected] Tel.:+33145241811
ManagementSupportUnitSusan PericHead of Unit
[email protected] Tel.:+33145249361
CountryStudiesandOutlookDivisionDominique GuellecHead of Division
[email protected] Tel.:+33145249439
EconomicAnalysisandStatisticsDivisionAlessandra ColecchiaHead of Division
[email protected] Tel.:+33145249412
Information,ComputerandCommunicationsPolicyDivisionAnne CarblancHead of Division
[email protected].:+33145249334
StructuralPolicyDivisionDirk PilatHead of Division
[email protected] Tel.:+33145249380
ScienceandTechnologyPolicyDivisionKen GuyHead of Division
[email protected] Tel.:+33145249232
InternationalFuturesProgrammeBarrie StevensHead of Programme
[email protected].:+33145247828
InternationalFuturesProgrammePierre-Alain SchiebCounsellor
[email protected].:+33145248270
GlobalScienceForumStefan MichalowskiCounsellor
[email protected] Tel.:+33145249289
002012221_Brochure STI.indd 31 21/08/2012 09:21:19
For more information
TheDirectorate forScience,Technologyand Industryproduces20-30 titlesayear inEnglishandFrench,withsummariesof
selectedtitlestranslatedintootherlanguages(availableforfreeontheOECDon-linebookshop).
Write to us:OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry 2,rueAndréPascal
75775ParisCedex16
FRANCE
BethefirsttoknowaboutthelatestOECDpublications
withourfreee-mailalertservice:
www.oecd.org/OECDdirect
Order our publications:Browsetitlesonyourscreenbeforeyoubuy:
www.oecdbookshop.org
FindJob VacanciesontheOECDHumanResourceswebsiteatwww.oecd.org/hrm.
SubscribetoourOECDiLibraryandstatisticsservices:
www.oecdilibrary.org
Photocredits:
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OECDPUBLICATIONS,2rueAndré-Pascal,75775PARISCEDEx16
PRINTEDINFRANCE–(002012221)–NO.90061–2012
002012221_Brochure STI.indd 32 21/08/2012 09:21:20
OECD WORK ON
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRY
2013-14
DIRECTORATE FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRYwww.oecd.org/sti
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