ODONATA Dragonflies and Damselflies
37
ODONATA Dragonflies and Damselflies
description
ODONATA Dragonflies and Damselflies. Forerunners of the Odonata. Protodonata. Paleodictyoptera. Forerunners of the Odonata. Protodonata. Simplified Evolutionary History of the Odonata. 300 200 100. Carboniferous. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of ODONATA Dragonflies and Damselflies
ODONATA
Dragonflies and Damselflies
Forerunners of the Odonata
Paleodictyoptera Protodonata
Forerunners of the Odonata
Protodonata
Simplified Evolutionary History of the Odonata
300 200 100
Carboniferous Permian Triassic Jurassic Cretaceous
Protodonata
Epiophlebioptera
“Anisozygoptera”Anisoptera
Zygoptera
Paleodictyoptera
Odonata
Number of Species
Common names
Distinguishing characteristics
Other features
Typical habitats
Hexapod Orders
>5000
damselflies, dragonflies, skippers , darners
Aquatic nymph, aerial adult
-direct flight muscles-wings can’t be folded
Odon - tooth
-nymphs with labial mask for prey capture-primitive wing venation - archedictyon
Odonata
• •
Direct flight muscles
Odonata -Evolutionary History
Meganeuropsis - Permian
Odonata - Adult modifications
Modifications for a predatory life
Large eyes
Well-developed mandibles
Odonata - Adult modifications
Modifications for a predatory life
-orientation of thoracic segments
-changed orientation of legs
-spines on legs
Odonata - larval modifications
Modifications for an aquatic predatory life
Mouthparts
submentum
palp
mentumprementum
Larvae Hunting
Odonata - Classification - OLD
Zygoptera
Anisozygoptera
Anisoptera
-larvae with caudal lamellae-wings held vertically at rest-wings same size
-larvae with no caudal lamellae-wings held horizontally at rest-wings different size
Odonata
Simplified Evolutionary History of the Odonata
300 200 100
Carboniferous Permian Triassic Jurassic Cretaceous
Protodonata
Epiophlebioptera
“Anisozygoptera”Anisoptera
Zygoptera
Paleodictyoptera
Zygoptera
Anisoptera
Epiophlebioptera
Epiprocta
Zygoptera
Anisozygoptera
Anisoptera
Odonata
Odonata
Odonata - Relationships
Zygoptera
Anisoptera
Epiophlebioptera
Epiprocta
Odonata
-larvae with caudal lamellae-wings held vertically at rest-wings same size-wings petiolate
-larvae with no caudal lamellae-wings held horizontally at rest-wings different size
Number of Species
Common names
Distinguishing characteristics
Other features
Typical habitats
Odonata - Suborders
≈ 2000
damselflies
Aquatic nymph, aerial adult
-direct flight muscles-wings can’t be folded-wings are same size-wings held vertically-slender-nymph - 3 caudal gills
ZygopteraZygo - equal, ptera- wing
-nymphs with labial mask for prey capture-Primitive wing venation
AnisopteraAniso - unequal, ptera- wing
dragonflies
-direct flight muscles-wings can’t be folded- hind wing larger- wings held horizontally-robust-nymph - no caudal gills
≈ 4000
Odonata - Suborders - Zygoptera
Damselflies - distinguishing features
1. Larvae with Caudal Lamellae
Odonata - Suborders - Zygoptera
Damselflies - distinguishing features
1. Larvae with caudal lamellae
2. Wings held vertically at rest
Odonata - Suborders - Zygoptera
Damselflies - distinguishing features
1. Larvae with caudal lamellae
2. Wings held vertically at rest
3. Wings are same size and shape
Odonata - Suborders - Zygoptera
Damselflies - distinguishing features
1. Larvae with caudal lamellae
2. Wings held vertically at rest
3. Wings are same size and shape
3. Wings are petiolate
Zygoptera – other features
Odonata - Suborders - Anisoptera
Dragonflies - distinguishing features
1. Larvae with no caudal lamellae
Odonata - Suborders - Anisoptera
Dragonflies - distinguishing features
1. Larvae with no caudal lamellae
2. Wings held horizontally at rest
Odonata - Suborders - Anisoptera
Dragonflies - distinguishing features
1. Larvae with no caudal lamellae
2. Wings held horizontally at rest
3. Wings are a different size and shape
Anal lobe
Odonata - Suborders - Epiophlebioptera
Living fossils - share features of Zygoptera and Anisoptera
Zygoptera Anisoptera
-wings are petiolate
-wings are ≈
-nymphs - no caudal lamellae
(-but no jet propulsion)
Odonata - Suborders - Epiophlebioptera
Odonata - Suborders - Epiophlebioptera
Odonata - General Features
Mating
Hagenius brevistylus
Odonata - General Features
Mating
Penes of maleArgia (Odonata)
Odonata - General Features
Mating
Courtship
Copulation
Oviposition
Odonata - General Features
Territory
Odonata - General Features
Territory
Switzer 2002
Odonata - General Features
Life Cycle
Aquatic nymph
Flies inland to feed and mature
Returns to water to set up territory and mate
Nymph leaves water and molts
Odonata - oviposition
Endophytic
Exophytic
So far in classfication
Zygoptera
Epiophlebioptera
Anisoptera
Odonata
Ephemeroptera
Paleoptera
NEOPTERA
Video on Dragonflies (Ignore the largely stupid, overly dramatic commentary)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ezq_JWd1Sd8
Neoptera
Plecoptera
PhasmidaOrthoptera
Zoraptera
Blattaria
GrylloblattodeaMantophasmatodea
EmbiodeaDermaptera
MantodeaIsoptera
PsocopteraPhthirapteraThysanopteraHemipteraColeopteraRhaphidiopteraMegalopteraNeuropteraHymenopteraMecopteraSiphonapteraDipteraStrepsipteraTrichopteraLepidoptera
Polyneoptera
Paraneoptera
Neuropterida
Panorpida?
