Oceans Review

Wave Action

A wave is the movement of ________ through a body of water.

A wave is the movement of energy through a body of water.

Waves form when _____ blowing across the water’s ______ transmit their energy into water.

Waves form when winds blowing across the water’s surface transmit their energy into water.

What is the highest part of a wave called?

What is the highest part of a wave called?

Crest

What is the distance between crests called?

What is the distance between crests called?

Wavelength

What is the lowest part of a wave called?

What is the lowest part of a wave called?

Trough

The distance from the crest to trough is called ________.

The distance from the crest to trough is called wave height.

How a wave forms?

True or False

Short low waves are called swells.

False

The answer is…

LONG low waves are called swells

When waves get closer to the shore the wave height ________ and wavelength _________.

When waves get closer to the shore the wave height increases and wavelength decreases.

Where do long low waves occur?

Where do long low waves occur?

In deep water

True or False

A rip current is a rush of water that flows rapidly back to sea through a narrow opening.

True

A rip current is a rush of water that flows rapidly back to sea through a narrow opening.

Tides

A tide is the daily _____ and _____ of the Earth’s waters.

A tide is the daily rise and fall of the Earth’s waters.

True or False

The gravitational pull of the sun and moon causes tides

True

The gravitational pull of the sun and moon causes tides

Tides with the _________ range between high and low tides are _____ ______.

Tides with the greatest range between high and low tides are spring tides.

Tides with the ________ difference between high and low tides are _____ ______.

Tides with the least difference between high and low tides are called neap tides.

How many hours apart do high tides occur?

How many hours apart do high tides occur?

12 or 12.5 hours

Ocean Water Chemistry

The total amount of dissolved salts in water is called ________.

The total amount of dissolved salts in water is called salinity.

True or False

Salinity is highest near the surface because rain, snow, and melting ice add fresh water into the ocean.

False the answer is

Salinity is LOWEST near the surface because rain, snow, and melting ice add fresh water into the ocean.

Where is salinity highest? And explain why?

Where is salinity highest? And explain why?

Salinity is highest in hot and dry climates where water evaporates and salt is left behind. Salinity is also high near the poles where water freezes into ice and salt is left behind in the remaining water.

Salt water has a _____ density then fresh water.

Salt water has a higher density then fresh water.

The higher the salinity the higher the density.

Increases or decreases?

Salinity _______ water density. The densest water is in the _____ _____.

Salinity increases water density. The densest water is in the deep zone.

Currents and Climate

A current is a large ______ of_______ water that flows through the oceans.

A current is a large stream of moving water that flows through the oceans.

The Coriolis effect causes the currents in the ______ Hemisphere to curve ______ and currents in the ______ Hemisphere to curve______.

The Coriolis effect causes the currents in the Northern Hemisphere to curve right and currents in the Southern Hemisphere to curve left.

True of False

The upward movement of hot water from ocean depths is called upwelling.

False the answer is

The upward movement of COLD water from ocean depths is called upwelling.

Exploring the Ocean

Sea-floor spreading is caused by __________ plates.

Sea-floor spreading is caused by diverging plates.

The _______ ______ is the continuous chain of underwater mountains.

The mid-ocean ridge is the continuous chain of underwater mountains.

A deep canyon in the ocean floor is called a ________.

A deep canyon in the ocean floor is called a trench.

A _________ is a mountain whose peaks do not break the surface of the ocean water above them.

A seamount is a mountain whose peaks do not break the surface of the ocean water above them

The think layers of sediment formed by the sunken remains of dead organisms from the surface cover these vast, flat plains called the _______ _____.

The thick layers of sediment formed by the sunken remains of dead organisms from the surface cover these vast, flat plains called the Abyssal Plain.

A steady incline marks the ___________ _____.

A steady incline marks the continental slope.

The gradual sloping area the borders the continent is called the ___________ ____.

The gradual sloping area the borders the continent is called the continental shelf.

When volcanoes on the ocean floor erupt, they create mountains so high that their peaks break the surface of the ocean and _______ ______ are formed.

When volcanoes on the ocean floor erupt, they create mountains so high that their peaks break the surface of the ocean and volcanic islands are formed.

Draw a picture of the Ocean floor and label: - Seamount

- Abyssal Plain

- Continental Shelf

- Continental Slope

- Mid-ocean ridge

- Volcanic Island

- Trench

Life at the Ocean’s Edge

_________ are tiny algae and animals that float in water and are carried by waves and currents.

Plankton are tiny algae and animals that float in water and are carried by waves and currents.

________ are organisms that inhabit the ocean floor.

Benthos are organisms that inhabit the ocean floor.

________ are free swimming animals that can move throughout the water column.

Nekton are free swimming animals that can move throughout the water column.

True or False

Intertidal organisms have adaptations to tolerate pounding waves, changes in salinity and temperature

True

Intertidal organisms have adaptations to tolerate pounding waves, changes in salinity and temperature

As the ocean water in tide pools evaporates it becomes _______.

As the ocean water in tide pools evaporates it becomes saltier.

The Neritic Zone and Open Ocean

True or False

The neritic zone is the part of the ocean that extends from the high tide line out to the edge of the continental shelf.

False the answer is

The neritic zone is the part of the ocean that extends from the LOW tide line out to the edge of the continental shelf.

An organism in the deep ocean that produce their own light is called a ______________.

An organism in the deep ocean that produce their own light is called a bioluminescent.

Kelp forests grow in _____ neritic oceans.

Kelp forests grow in cold neritic oceans.