Ocean Circulation
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Transcript of Ocean Circulation
![Page 1: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Components of the Climate System
• Atmosphere• Ocean
• Biosphere• Geosphere
Image from NASA
![Page 2: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Atmosphere & Ocean Circulation
• Atmospheric Circulation– Depends on density
• Ocean Surface Circulation– Depends on the wind
• Deep Ocean Circulation– Depends on density
![Page 3: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Why is Ocean Circulation Important?
• Transport ~ 20% of latitudinal heat
– Equator to poles
• Transport nutrients and organisms
• Influences weather and climate
• Influences commerce
![Page 4: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Temperature Structure of Ocean
thermocline
![Page 5: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Ocean Circulation
![Page 6: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Wind-drive ocean surface currentsWind driven surface currents
• How fast? A few miles/hr (Gulf Stream off of Miami = 4.5 mph)
• How much? Total water in ocean surface circulation = about 100 Amazon Rivers (20 million m3/s).
![Page 7: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Atmosphere & Ocean Circulation
• Atmospheric Circulation– Depends on density
• Ocean Surface Circulation– Depends on the wind
• Deep Ocean Circulation– Depends on density
![Page 8: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Sea Surface Temperature
http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/dees/ees/climate/slides/sst_march.gif
![Page 9: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Ocean Salinity
http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/dees/ees/climate/slides/sal_march.gif
•http://ingrid.ldgo.columbia.edu/
![Page 10: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Temperature-Salinity (density) Diagram
![Page 11: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Thermohaline Circulation
North Atlantic Deep Water
(NADW
15 million m3 of near surface water descend into the deep ocean each second.
![Page 12: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Thermohaline Circulation - The Ocean Conveyor
![Page 13: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Equatorial to polar heat transport and water flow
![Page 14: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Ocean – Atmosphere Circulation
![Page 15: Ocean Circulation](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54bdf35f4a795946588b4592/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
UNEQUAL HEATING OF EARTH
BUT – Outgoing solar radiation is not as uneven