Occupational Hygiene and Sustainability
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Transcript of Occupational Hygiene and Sustainability
Occupational Hygiene and Sustainability
Steve Bailey GSK Sustainability & Environment
Pharma in the Millenium
Weak pipelinesNew drug
approvalsPatent expiries
Patient safety
Disclosure of data
Access to medicinesPricingParallel
imports
Taxation
Marketing practices
Clinical trials
CEO pay
Animal rights
Economic Recession
“When we got into office, thething that surprised me mostwas to find that things were justas bad as we’d been saying they were” John F. Kennedy
U.S. unemployment was 9.7% in March 2010, the highest rate since 1983 and roughly twice the pre-crisis rate
The Outstanding Public Debt as of 19 Mar 2010 is $12.6 trillion, and rising
The estimated population of the United States is 308,038,602so each citizen's share of this debt is $41,116.79
The National Debt has continued to increase an average of $4.05 billion per day since September 28, 2007
Social impacts
Charles H. Green,Trusted Advisor Associates 2009
“Trust in the world of business has evaporated as the world’s most
severe economic crisis since the Great Depression is causing
millions around the globe to lose their jobs and wiped out billions of
dollars of invested capital.”
Social impacts
Business for Social Responsibility (2009)
Sustainability Road Map• Develop business strategies based on
long- term trends• Innovate for sustainability and value• Think big - develop systemic answers• Refocus on partnerships with governments• Rebuild trust
Social impacts
PWC: Rebuilding the Global Economy (2009)
“The global economic and financial crisis as well as environmental
concerns have brought sustainability into sharp
relief.”
“We in big pharma should never take for granted our right to exist, our business model is not written into any country’s
constitution. So we should be turning up for work every day with the mindset that we are earning the right to exist. We are earning it by meeting the expectations of society. When you start to think like this,
you see the world differently.”
Andrew Witty, CEO GlaxoSmithKline
Business Impacts
“Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”
Brundtland Commission, United Nations 1987
Humanity’s Ecological Footprint
NaturalResources
Goods andServices
Pollution, Waste and Environmental
Disturbances
Resource Depletion
The Triple Bottom Line
Economic
Sustainability means thinking about the future when we make decisions today
It’s a way of life
Environmental Issues for Pharma
Climate change
Loss of biodiver
sity
Hazardous
chemicals
Disposal of
unused medicin
esPharmaceuticals
in the environment
Genetically
modified organis
ms
Ozone depletio
n
Waste disposal
Resource
depletion
Water scarcity
Nanotechnology
Sustainability Challenges for Pharma
Access to medicinesPatient safetyPricing of medicinesetc Work
Growth and financial
health
Innovation and pipelineGeneric vs. researchetc
Environmental footprint Climate
changeWateretc
Community and
workforce
Pharmaceutical Products
What do our products do?
• treat asthma, HIV/AIDS, malaria, depression, migraine, diabetes, heart failure, digestive conditions, cancer…
Prescription medicines
• protect against hepatitis A and B, diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, typhoid and influenza, cervical cancer
Vaccines
• over-the counter medicines like acetaminophen and ibuprofen
• nutritional products and health supplements
Consumer healthcare products
GSK’s Active Ingredients
Approx. 2,400 Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and intermediates
In-house exposure limits set from toxicology
Classified by Occupational Hazard Categories (OHCs)
70% are OHC-3 or higher
Skin exposure becomes an increasingly important route in the higher OHCs
Exp
osur
e Li
mit
(mic
rogr
ams
per c
ubic
met
re)
OHC- 1
OHC- 2(269)
OHC- 3
OHC- 4
5000
1000
100
10
1
Least hazardous
Most hazardous
Exp
osur
e Li
mit
(mic
rogr
ams
per c
ubic
met
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OHC -1
OHC- 2
OHC- 3
OHC- 4
5000
1000
100
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1
Least hazardous
Most hazardousOHC-5
Exp
osur
e Li
mit
(mic
rogr
ams
per c
ubic
met
re)
OHC- 1
OHC- 2(269)
OHC- 3
OHC- 4
5000
1000
100
10
1
Least hazardous
Most hazardous
Exp
osur
e Li
mit
(mic
rogr
ams
per c
ubic
met
re)
OHC -1
OHC- 2
OHC- 3
OHC- 4
5000
1000
100
10
1
Least hazardous
Most hazardousOHC-5
Examples of OHCs
• penicillins: respiratory sensitisers causing occupational asthma
• nicotine: systemic and reproductive toxicity
OHC-3: <100µgm
3
• corticosteroids: skin allergy• testosterone: hormonal
reproductive effects
OHC-4: <10µgm3
• cytotoxic cancer treatments, eg.• hycamtin (reduced white cell
counts)• idoxifene (withdrawn candidate
treatment for advanced cancer)
OHC-5: <1µgm3
Steroid Withdrawal
Rash
Challenges of protection
A “Respirator-Free” environment is a workplace where:– containment at source rather
than respirators (RPE) or protective clothing (PPE) is used as the primary form of control
– airborne exposures are below the Occupational Exposure limit (OEL)
– dermal exposure controlled
Our policy is that new and changed processes are designed to be Respirator-Free
Respirator-Free
Benefits of containment at source
Health - reduces risk of over-exposure and incidental exposure of co-workers
Quality - reduces risk of cross-contamination
Productivity - reduces cleaning, changing times, process interventions; improves ergonomics
Costs - reduces operating costs for respirator programme, breathing air supply, aircon and room ventilation
Employees - avoids discomfort and isolation; easier communications; improves safety
Environmental - reduces product losses, easier to treat releases
Energy savings & climate change
Saving airflow at high performance fume hoods by better design and operation– automatic sash closing
saved 500 tonnes CO2 per year in one laboratory without affecting containment
Recirculating filtered air instead of exhausting it– using alarms to protect
the employees
75%
10%
10%5% HVAC / AC
ProcessGeneral utilitiesLighting and office
Challenging the Standards
Face velocity 100fpm 80fpm ??
Flushing volume25cfm/ft2 10.7cfm/ft2
Hood Width6ft 4ft 6in
Operating cost savings 20%-50%with further improvements possible
From Occupational Hygiene…… to Sustainability
Competitiveness
• Licence to operate• Productivity• Operating costs• Product Quality
Social Responsibility
• Health protection• Employee benefits
“Respect for People”
Environmental Responsibility
• Environmental protection
• Energy savings
OH “Building Trust”
Pollution Prevention and Hygiene
Types of ProjectsInput substitution 86%Preventive Maintenance 46%Water Conservation or Quality 31%In-process Recycling 23%Operations and Maintenance 20%
Roelofs et al. AOEH, 15(11), 843-850,2000
1989 MassachusettsToxics Use Reduction Act:- changes in production processes or raw materials that reduce, avoid, or eliminate the use or generation of toxic or hazardous substances
Chemicals Policy
Societal pressure to eliminate use of chemicals that harm the environment
Reflected in “Producer Responsibility“ regulations (eg. REACH)
Occupational hygiene benefits, eg.– substitution of Carcinogens,
Mutagens and Reproductive toxins by the chemicals with the lowest toxicity and environmental impacts
– designing processes that use benign conditions (eg. aqueous solutions rather than organic solvents)
Manufacture of APIs
Manufacture of APIs requires raw materials, reagents, solvents
It involves many hazardous processes and wastes
Introduction of sustainability principles is led by new products
Encourages simplification and reduced use of materials
Embedding sustainability into New Product Development
Source: Eco-Design ToolkitMethodology:
Curzons AD, Constable DJC, Cunningham VL. 1999 Clean Products and Processes 1:82-90 and Jiménez-González C, Curzons AD, Constable DJC, Cunningham VL. 2005 J. of Clean Tech. and Env..Pol 7:42-50,
Chemical Legislation Guide
Conclusions
• core to Respect for People and Building Trust
• encourages innovation and simplification• benefits efficiency and product quality
Occupational hygiene is an
essential foundation for Sustainability
• improve standards of occupational hygiene• encourage substitution• reduce quantities handled• integrate hygiene into the business
Sustainabilityis an opportunity
• develop broader skills • better knowledge of the business • opportunity to show leadership
Hygienistsshould act !
Environment, Health, Safety
and Sustainability…
a matter of policySafeguard people and enhance their wellbeing
Protect our communities and the environment
Lead in what we do
Make continuous improvement
Integrate sustainability into our business
Be transparent with everyone
Sustainability @ GSK
Sustainability @ GSK
A sustainable business will build trust & deliver more products of value simplify the operating model thrive in a culture of individual empowerment
Why…
GSK CEO Sustainability Awards
• Environmental Sustainability• Health and Safety Sustainability• Sustainable Science and Technology
www.OHlearning.com
Help on Hand
An animated demo is linked from the bottom of every page
A Successful Launch!
Sustainability @ GSKthe power to build trust
GSK Occupational Hygienists from around the world meeting in UK