Objectives List the steps of the scientific method Use the scientific method to formulate a problem...
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![Page 1: Objectives List the steps of the scientific method Use the scientific method to formulate a problem or question you want to solve Differentiate between.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062401/5a4d1b6a7f8b9ab0599b2dc7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Objectives
• List the steps of the scientific method• Use the scientific method to formulate a
problem or question you want to solve• Differentiate between independent and
dependent variables• Differentiate between constant and control• Differentiate between qualitative and
quantitative
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The Scientific Method involves a series of steps that are used to investigate a natural occurrence.
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1. Define Problem/Question2. Research3. Hypothesis4. Experiment5. Observations/Data Analysis6. Conclude and Share
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Steps of the Scientific Method
1.1. Problem/QuestionProblem/Question:
Develop a question or problem that can be solved through experimentation.
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What is wrong with this hypothesis?
• If a black cat crosses my path, then I will have bad luck.
• Not testable because… – What is bad luck?– What is good luck?
• Not scientifically measureable!
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Steps of the Scientific Method
2. Observation/ResearchObservation/Research: Make observations and research your topic of interest.
Collect background info about the problem
Where can you find good information?– Books, scientific journals, internet (reliable
sites!)
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Do you remember the Do you remember the next “step?”next “step?”
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Steps of the Scientific Method
3. Formulate a HypothesisFormulate a Hypothesis: Predict a possible answer to the problem or question.
*Must be able to TEST it!**
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How could you test this HYPOTHESIS?
• Example: If soil temperatures rise, then plant growth will increase.
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Steps of the Scientific Method
4.4. ExperimentExperiment= an organized process used to test a hypothesis
Tests only ONE condition (AKA variable)
A controlled experiment tests the effect(s) of this variable
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Groups in a controlled experiment…
Control Group- Used as a standard- Constant – variable
that remains the same
Experimental Group- Is changed
Independent – changed by experimenter
- Dependent – changed by independent
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Steps of the Scientific Method
5. Observations and Data CollectionObservations and Data Collection:–Data= observations/measurements
collected during experiment
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Steps of the Scientific Method
6. ConclusionConclusion: judgment based on findings; sums up experiment– Was the hypothesis correct?– What could you change to better the
experiment?
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What do we do with the results of experiments… make Scientific Laws
and Scientific Theories!
What is a Scientific Law?
What is a Scientific Theory?
How are they the same? Different?
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How are scientific Laws and Scientific Theories SIMILAR?
• Both are based on tested hypotheses; • Both are supported by a large body of empirical
data; • Both help unify a particular field; • Both are widely accepted by the vast majority (if
not all) scientists within a discipline.• Both scientific laws and scientific theories could
be shown to be wrong at some time if there are data to suggest so.
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How are scientific Laws and Scientific Theories DIFFERENT?
• A law describes what nature does under certain conditions, and will predict what will happen as long as those conditions are met. – Often mathematically defined – Common in chemistry and physics
• A theory explains how nature works. – often non-mathematical– Common in biology
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Steps of the Scientific Method
Communicate the ResultsCommunicate the Results: • Why is it important to
communicate the results?–Science is always changing–All work must be “double checked”
by peer review