11

Plagiarism and Plagiarism and

CheatingCheating What does this REALLY mean to you?What does this REALLY mean to you?

Adapted with permission from other sourcesAdapted with permission from other sourcesby Nancy Elderby Nancy ElderShorewood H.S.Shorewood H.S.

11

22

ObjectivesObjectives

Read about examples of plagiarism/cheating and Read about examples of plagiarism/cheating and the consequences in the real world.the consequences in the real world.

Learn more about plagiarism and cheating:Learn more about plagiarism and cheating:• What plagiarism and cheating are and how you What plagiarism and cheating are and how you

can avoid doing eithercan avoid doing either• When to cite your sourcesWhen to cite your sources• What are the consequences for plagiarism and What are the consequences for plagiarism and

cheatingcheating

22

33

You know something about You know something about plagiarism and cheating…Don’t plagiarism and cheating…Don’t

you?you?

Sure you do. Teachers have been Sure you do. Teachers have been talking (and talking, and talking) talking (and talking, and talking) about plagiarism and cheating—and about plagiarism and cheating—and how you should avoid it.how you should avoid it.

But, if it is so bad, why do students But, if it is so bad, why do students (and adults) do it?(and adults) do it?

33

Why do students plagiarize?Why do students plagiarize?Here are some excuses…Here are some excuses…

Why does it matter? My (pick one of the following)

teacher/parent/guardian doesn’t care if I do it.

I didn’t understand the assignment and I needed some

help.

I didn’t know that I had to

cite my sources.

Everybody else does it. Why not me, too?

The assignment was dumb/boring/too hard/too easy/etc., so why should I

put my effort into it?

Why do students plagiarize?Why do students plagiarize?Here are some excuses…Here are some excuses…

Why does it matter? My (pick one of the following)

teacher/parent/guardian doesn’t care if I do it.

I had to. I need to have good grades.

I didn’t have the time to do the work on my own. I had work/rehearsal/practice/etc.

I didn’t understand the assignment and I needed some

help.

I didn’t know that I had to

cite my sources.

Everybody else does it. Why not me, too?

The assignment was dumb/boring/too hard/too easy/etc., so why should I

put my effort into it?

But those are weak excuses But those are weak excuses ……

There is no acceptable reason for There is no acceptable reason for plagiarism or cheating.plagiarism or cheating.

Plagiarism is cheatingPlagiarism is cheatingand it will be treated seriously and it will be treated seriously

if it is found in your work.if it is found in your work.

Look at these real life examples…

Real Life Plagiarism Real Life Plagiarism ScandalsScandals

Doris Kearns Doris Kearns Goodwin, a Pulitzer Goodwin, a Pulitzer Prize winning Prize winning historian, was forced historian, was forced to step down from to step down from the Pulitzer board the Pulitzer board after she was found after she was found to have accidentally to have accidentally used another’s words used another’s words in one of her books. in one of her books. Disg

raced

Hostetter, Janet. 6 Apr 2006. Associated Press Images. 5 Aug 2008. <http://apimages.ap.org>

Kirpatrick, David D. “Author Goodwin Resigns from Pulitzer Board.” New York Times. (1 June 2002.) 5 Aug. 2008. <http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C06E7D7143AF932A35755C0A9649C8B63>.

Real Life Plagiarism Real Life Plagiarism ScandalsScandals

After being accused After being accused of rampant of rampant plagiarism in her plagiarism in her work, tenured work, tenured professor Madonna professor Madonna G. Constantine was G. Constantine was fired from her fired from her position at Columbia position at Columbia University. University. Fire

d

Bondafeff, Dian. 10 Oct. 2007. Associated Press Images. 5 Aug 2008. <http://apimages.ap.org>.

Santora, Marc. “Columbia Professor in Noose Case Is Fired on Plagiarism Charges.” New York Times. (24 June 2008.) 5 Aug. 2008. <http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/24/nyregion/24columbia.html?scp=1&sq=Madonna%20Constantine%20&st=cse>.

Real Life Plagiarism Real Life Plagiarism ScandalsScandals

As a reporter for the As a reporter for the New York Times, Jayson New York Times, Jayson Blair plagiarized or Blair plagiarized or fabricated in more than fabricated in more than 40 stories between 2002 40 stories between 2002 and 2005. He was fired and 2005. He was fired from his job. The top from his job. The top two editors of the two editors of the newspaper resigned as a newspaper resigned as a result of the scandal.result of the scandal.Force

d to

give up career

“Correcting the Record.” New York Times. 11 May 2003. The New York Times. 5 Aug 2008. <http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9403E1DB123FF932A25756C0A9659C8B63>

Image: Szymaszek, Jennifer. 12 May 2004. Associated Press Images. 5 Aug 2008. <http:// apimages.ap.org>

Real Life Plagiarism Real Life Plagiarism ScandalsScandals

Blair Hornstein was the Blair Hornstein was the valedictorian of her high valedictorian of her high school class and had school class and had earned admission to earned admission to Harvard University. After Harvard University. After articles Hornstein wrote articles Hornstein wrote for a local newspaper for a local newspaper were discovered to have were discovered to have been plagiarized, Harvard been plagiarized, Harvard University withdrew their University withdrew their acceptance. acceptance.

Admission

RevokedHarvard

Capuzzo, Jill P. “MOORESTOWN JOURNAL; Seeing Crimson.” New York Times. (20 July 2003.) 5 Aug. 2008. <http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E00E6D61E3CF933A15754C0A9659C8B63&scp=4&sq=Blair%20Hornstein%20&st=cse>.

“Blair Hornstein.” The Gothamist. 14 July 2003. 5 Aug. 2008. <http://gothamist.com/2003/07/14/gothamist.php>.

How is Plagiarism and How is Plagiarism and Cheating defined at Cheating defined at

Shorewood?Shorewood?

Definition of PlagiarismDefinition of Plagiarism• using the writings, passages, ideas, of using the writings, passages, ideas, of

others and passing them off as one’s own others and passing them off as one’s own work;work;

• using an outside source without proper using an outside source without proper acknowledgement;acknowledgement;

• submitting or using falsified data or recordssubmitting or using falsified data or records

Definition of CheatingDefinition of Cheating

acting dishonestly and practicing fraud acting dishonestly and practicing fraud (deliberate deception in order to secure unfair (deliberate deception in order to secure unfair gain):gain):

assisting, encouraging, inciting, helping or assisting, encouraging, inciting, helping or participating in misrepresenting someone’s work participating in misrepresenting someone’s work as your own;as your own;

““wandering eyes” (allowing ones eyes to stray to wandering eyes” (allowing ones eyes to stray to another persons work, quizzes or tests); oranother persons work, quizzes or tests); or

using unauthorized material including textbooks, using unauthorized material including textbooks, notes, calculators or computer programs during notes, calculators or computer programs during an examination or other assignment. an examination or other assignment.

School ConsequencesSchool Consequences 1st offense: Student is referred to 1st offense: Student is referred to

principal/designee, student’s performance on principal/designee, student’s performance on assignment or activity shall receive a zero. assignment or activity shall receive a zero. Parents shall be notified.Parents shall be notified.

2nd offense: Student is long term suspended from 2nd offense: Student is long term suspended from the class for the remainder of the semester. This the class for the remainder of the semester. This may be the same or different class from the 1st may be the same or different class from the 1st offense. Established suspension process with due offense. Established suspension process with due process will be used.process will be used.

3rd offense: Student is long term suspended from 3rd offense: Student is long term suspended from all classes for the remainder of the semester. all classes for the remainder of the semester. Parents shall be contacted and due process rights Parents shall be contacted and due process rights shall be given.shall be given.

Think you’ve got it?Think you’ve got it?

Read the following…Read the following…

(and pay attention! There will be a (and pay attention! There will be a quiz on this information at the end!)quiz on this information at the end!)

Let’s look at some Let’s look at some hypothetical situations.hypothetical situations.

For each, determine if the For each, determine if the student plagiarized or cheat or student plagiarized or cheat or

did not.did not.

Decide on your answer before you move Decide on your answer before you move to the next slide.to the next slide.

Jack’s SituationJack’s SituationJack has an English paper due tomorrow. He Jack has an English paper due tomorrow. He

read the book and paid attention during read the book and paid attention during class, but he has no idea what to write class, but he has no idea what to write about.about.

Jack logs onto the Internet to get some ideas Jack logs onto the Internet to get some ideas about topics for his paper.about topics for his paper.

He finds a great idea and begins writing his He finds a great idea and begins writing his paper using the topic he found. He is very paper using the topic he found. He is very careful to avoid copying any text or words careful to avoid copying any text or words from the Internet article he found.from the Internet article he found.

Is this plagiarism?

Jack Jack DIDDID plagiarize. plagiarize.

Jack’s actions constitute Jack’s actions constitute plagiarism.plagiarism.• Jack is committing plagiarism by taking Jack is committing plagiarism by taking

the ideas of the source without citing the ideas of the source without citing them in the paper.them in the paper.

• Even though he put the ideas in his own Even though he put the ideas in his own words, Jack is stealing ideas from the words, Jack is stealing ideas from the source.source.

Jill’s SituationJill’s SituationDuring history class, Jill is asked to find During history class, Jill is asked to find

some background on Fidel Castro’s some background on Fidel Castro’s rise to power. rise to power.

Jill does a Google search and arrives at Jill does a Google search and arrives at Wikipedia’s article on Fidel Castro. Wikipedia’s article on Fidel Castro. Without using quotation marks, Jill Without using quotation marks, Jill cuts and pastes several sentences cuts and pastes several sentences from Wikipedia into her assignment. from Wikipedia into her assignment.

Is this plagiarism?

Jill Jill DIDDID plagiarize. plagiarize.

Jill’s actions constitute Jill’s actions constitute plagiarism.plagiarism.• By taking the words from the Wikipedia By taking the words from the Wikipedia

article, Jill is committing plagiarism.article, Jill is committing plagiarism.• She can avoid plagiarizing by quoting She can avoid plagiarizing by quoting

the article in her assignment and the article in her assignment and including an entry that describes the including an entry that describes the source in a bibliography at the end of source in a bibliography at the end of her paper.her paper.

Gretel’s SituationGretel’s SituationGretel is a freshman who is having Gretel is a freshman who is having

trouble keeping up with work. When trouble keeping up with work. When her science teacher assigns a short her science teacher assigns a short worksheet on genetics, Gretel is worksheet on genetics, Gretel is confused and frustrated. confused and frustrated.

During lunch, Gretel borrows her During lunch, Gretel borrows her friend’s paper and copies the friend’s paper and copies the answers onto her own paper.answers onto her own paper.

Is this cheating?

Gretel Gretel DIDDID cheat. cheat.

Gretel’s actions constitute Gretel’s actions constitute cheat.cheat.• Even if Gretel’s friend gave permission Even if Gretel’s friend gave permission

for Gretel to copy her work, it is still for Gretel to copy her work, it is still plagiarism. If Gretel’s friend gave her plagiarism. If Gretel’s friend gave her permission, her friend is also guilty of permission, her friend is also guilty of cheating.cheating.

• Gretel is guilty of cheating. She tried to Gretel is guilty of cheating. She tried to take credit for the words and ideas of take credit for the words and ideas of another person. another person.

How to Avoid Plagiarism and How to Avoid Plagiarism and CheatingCheating

Cite the source of any idea or words you take from Cite the source of any idea or words you take from anyone else.anyone else.

Use quotation marks to mark the beginning and end Use quotation marks to mark the beginning and end of the source’s words.of the source’s words.

Write a bibliography (a list of your sources) to show Write a bibliography (a list of your sources) to show your sources.your sources.

Do you own work!Do you own work!

ResourcesResources Plagarism PPT by Michelle Kramer & Sherri Miller, Mount Plagarism PPT by Michelle Kramer & Sherri Miller, Mount

Lebanon High School, Pittsburgh, PALebanon High School, Pittsburgh, PA Plagarism PPT by Barb Lachman, Shorewood High SchoolPlagarism PPT by Barb Lachman, Shorewood High School Shoreline School District 2012-2013 Statement of Shoreline School District 2012-2013 Statement of

Responsibilities and Rights of StudentsResponsibilities and Rights of Students