Objective: Know the Proper terms to use when talking about horses.terms Be able to recognize some of...
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Transcript of Objective: Know the Proper terms to use when talking about horses.terms Be able to recognize some of...
Objective: Know the Proper terms to use
when talking about horses. Be able to recognize some of the
different color patterns of horses.
Horse Terms
Monday Morning Disease Equine exertional
rhabdomyolysis/ Azoturia/ Tying up
loins and quarters harden resulting in cramps and muscular stiffness when exercised
Hard working horse gets rest
Hindquarters: Rear of flank – top of tail – top of gaskin
• Highest point: poll• Weakest part of back: loin behind saddle• Top of hindquarter hip – tail: croup• Hock – Stifle: Gaskin• Withers: horse’s height is measured
Barrel
Pronounced croup: jumper’s bump
Hind cannon: shank
• Bony part of tail where hair grows: DOCK
Fistulous Withers (ridge btw shoulder blades):Inflammation of bursa
terms
Drive horse harnes
Farrier Skilled Craftsperson whoShoes horses
• Shoes distributes the weight of the limb over a larger surface area and moves the breakover point further back on the foot
• Shoes reduce the stress on the lamellar tissue along the front of the foot while consistently supporting the sole of the foot
Laminitis Transient ischemia:
coagulopathy breakdown and
degeneration between the horny and sensitive laminae
Illustration by Dr. Gheorghe Constantinescu
Laminitis stance/ Founder
Hoof
Frog: rubber pad on the sole, shock absorber
Fungal/bacterial infection in cleft of frog
Mare Female horse 4 yrs and older (after
3rd birthday) Usually after having an offspring.
Filly Young female horse< 4 yrs old (2-3 yrs old) Female foal: Filly foal Feathering Yearling: Colt or filly
btw 1-2 yrs
Brood Mare Mare that is used strictly for
breeding
Stallion Male horse STUD Uncastrated male horse Also calledEntire Intact male after 3rd birthday
Colt Young male horse Uncastrated Male horse 4yrs Old (2-3 yrs old)
Gelding Male horse castrated before
reaching sexual maturity
Foal
Young Horse male or female
Birth – weaning: 4-7 months Up to 1 yr old
Colt filly gelding (castrated)
Jack Male donkey
Jennet (Jenny) Female donkey
HYBRIDS
Mule Offspring of a
mare mated to a jack
More common than hinney
All male mules and most female mules are infertile
Hinney Offspring of a jenny mated to a
stallion
Zony Offspring of a pony mated to zebra
stallion
Zorse Offspring of a stallion zebra mated
to a mare
Hand Unit of measurement for horses A hand is equal to 4 inches. The height of a horse is
measured at the withers.
Light Horses Most horses, usually
riding breeds; small bones and thin legs
Above 14.2 hands 900 – 1200 lbs. AQH, Arabian,
Thoroughbreed, Morgan, Standarbreed,Tennessee walking….
Draft Horses
Was developed in Northern Europe as war horses
Above 16 hands 1,500 – 2,500 lbs Large bones and thick Percheron,
Clydesdale, Belgian
Pony A breed of horse
that is under 14.2 hands.
<800 lb. Welsh, Pony of
Americas, Shetland
Breed registries with color requirements Color is not breed Pinto, Palomino, Buckskin,
American paint horse, Appaloosa and Friesian are breeds with distinct color
Horse Colors
Horse Colors Continued
Bay Red – reddish brown, with black mane and tail
Brown
Black and tan
Sorrel
Reddish brown – brownish orange with same color mane with lighter extremities (if only red: chestnut)
Dapple Gray
"dapples", which are dark rings with lighter hairs on the inside of the ring, scattered over the entire body of the animal
Paint
Spotted
PalominoPale cream – gold with whitish mane and tail
Pinto
• White with patches
of another color• Piebald:
white/black• Skewbald:
white with any color except black
Buckskin
Light yellowish with black tail and mane
White
Roan
Base color: red, black or brown with white hair that give speckled look, usually darker in head and lower legs
Chestnut
Dark red or brownish red
Brindle horse
Patient Identification Signalment Breed, coat color Point markings
6: 4 legs, head, tail Standardization is limited:
Sock – stocking? Coronet – pastern?
Draw/ camera
Star
A star is any white marking on the forehead of the horse. A star can be small, large, regular or irregular in shape, in the center of the forehead or off to the left or right side of the forehead.
Stripe or Strip (small marking)
A stripe or strip is a white marking on the bridge of the horse's nose, below the level of the eyes and above the level of the nostrils
Connected Star and Stripe
A star is often connected to a stripe and is described as a connected star and stripe.
A stripe or strip can be long, short, wide, narrow, centered on the face of the horse or off to the left or right side.
Snip A snip is any white
mark that is located between the nostrils of the horse.
A snip may be small, large, centered or extend into one or both nostrils. A snip is often connected to a stripe, and many times with a star and stripe.
Blaze A blaze is a wider
white marking that usually covers the region of a star, stripe and snip, but extends to the width of the bridge of the horse's nose.
Bald A bald face is a
very wide blaze that extends to and may cover the eyes, nostrils, and upper lip
Bald face with white extending to lower lip.
Distal limb joints
Fetlock joint:Lowest joint on the horse’s leg
Shorter cannon bones better conformation
(shanks)
Pastern: connect hoof to
fetlock
Heel.-Horses will commonly have a white marking that covers one or both heels.
Coronet.- White covering the coronary band or coronet
Half Pastern White extending approximately half way up the pastern
Pastern A white marking which includes the entire pastern.
Fetlock or Ankle A white marking that extends to and covers the fetlock.
Sock A white marking that extends half way up the front or rear cannon. Often called a Half Stocking
Stocking A white marking that extends from the coronet to the knee or hock
References http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/horses/ http://www.thehorse.com/Glossary.aspx?L=A http://aces.nmsu.edu/pubs/resourcesmag/summer98/
one_horse.html http://www.horsecolor.com/basics/starting_point.htm http://www.vet.upenn.edu/Research/
BasicandClinicalResearch/SpeciesBasedResearch/LaminitisInstitute/LaminitisFAQs/tabid/1322/Default.aspx
http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=htm/bc/90722.htm
http://www.aaep.org/laminitis.htm