The Korean War

Objective 3: Describe and analyze the foreign policy (decisions made) of the Truman Administration

Review QuestionEvents/decisions: Creating the United Nations Developing the Atomic BombDividing Europe (Iron Curtain)Truman DoctrineMarshall Plan/Molotov PlanJoining Germany with UK/France Berlin Airlift Creation of NATORefusing to recognize Communist ChinaGiving $ to Chinese Nationalist Sending $ and troops to contain communism in Korean War

If you had the power to change an event or decision from the Cold War, what would you change and why? What would the impact on the world be? Cold War at HomeLoyalty Review Board1947:Truman issues a Federal Employee Loyalty Program1947-1951: will investigate over 3 million employees (firing 212 considered suspicious)

The House Un-American Activities CommitteeHouse Un-American Activities Committee(HUAC): investigated possible Communist influenceInside and outside government jobs Investigation of movie industryCommunists sneaking propaganda into films43 witnesses from Hollywood: friendly and unfriendlyHollywood Ten: 10 unfriendly witnesses called to testify,did not cooperate, send to prisonBlacklisted: people condemned forhaving communist backgroundsSpy Cases Stun the NationAlger Hiss: accused of being Soviet spyClaimed he was innocent and that documents were forgedProsecuted by young conservative Republic Richard Nixon

Ethel & Julius Rosenberg: found guilty of espionage and executed Implicated during Kuchs Spy case (physicist accused of sharing bomb secrets with Soviets )Pleaded their innocence until their death

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wIlr_HXTvJg

Picture hyperlinked with short story video5McCarthy Launches Witch HuntJoseph McCarthy: Republican Senator from Wisconsin, extremely anti-communistMay lose next election so needed an issue that would win over with votersCommunists are taking over the governmentFalse accusations of suspected Communists became known as McCarthyism: unfair tactic of accusing people of disloyalty w/o providing evidenceClaimed to have list of over 200 Communists w/in State Department(never actually provided a SINGLE name)

Causes and Effects of McCarthyismCausesSoviets successfully establish Communist regimes in Eastern Europe after WWIISoviets develop atomic bomb more quickly than expectedKorean War ends in stalemateRepublicans gain politically by accusing Truman and Democrats of being soft on communismEffectsMillions of Americans are forced to take loyalty oaths and investigationsActivism by labor unions goes into declineMany people afraid to speak out on public issuesAnti-communism continues to drive U.S. foreign policyUnited States v. Soviet UnionTwo Nations Live on the Edge

Objective 4: Describe and analyze the foreign policy (decisions made) of the Eisenhower Administration

Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961)Policy of Brinkmanship (all out war)Brinkmanship Rules U.S. PolicyScientists created even more powerful weapon: H-bomb1 million tons of TNTWho could build it first mentality: U.S. or Soviet Union?America WINS! Brinksmanship: practice of threatening an enemy with massive military retaliation for any aggressionStock pile nukes Increase air force

Fear of Nuclear Fall OutIncrease in stock pile of nukes = Americans take action because of fear of attackGovernment starting passing out How To pamphlets regarding survival and shelters

Bottom picture hyperlinked with Duck and Cover VideoTop Right hyperlinked with Blast from the Past bomb shelter clip12Cold War Spreads Around the WorldCentral Intelligence Agency (CIA): way for government to attain information using spies abroad as well as carry out covert missionsMiddle East: Reestablish Western control and relations with Iran (*OIL FIELDS)Latin America: Take back American land in Guatemala (Dictator takes control)

Cold War Spreads Around the WorldWarsaw Pact: Soviet Military allianceGeneva Summit step towards peaceAllow for open skies between U.S./Soviet Union (DENIED)

Suez Crisis 1955-1956Egypt take control of Suez Canal

Cold War Spreads Around the WorldEisenhower Doctrine: U.S. would defend the Middle East from an attack by any communist country

Hungarian Uprising(1956):Hungarians revolted and called for Democratic governmentSoviets Response: swift and brutal (killing about 30,000 Hungarians)

Nikita Khruschev: Leader of Soviet Union [after Stalin]

Space Race:1957 Soviets launch Sputnik: first satelliteAmericans upset with being beaten pouring millions in own program: finally launch own satellite in 1958The Cold War Takes to the Skies

U-2 Shot DownU.S. secretly flew over RussiaLast U-2 flight shot down days before Eisenhower & Khrushchev metMeeting called off no more negotiations between U.S. & Soviet Union

The Eisenhower Administration How did the Eisenhower Administration contribute to the Cold WarHow did decisions made hurt the situation of the Cold War?How did decisions made help the situation of the Cold War Must say WHY you feel the way you do!