OBJECT FOCUS AFFIXES

An - (Object focus) typically denotes actions affecting the surface or appearance of the goal but not causing a change in its structure.

• Buksan (to open something) – binuksan, binubuksan, bubuksan

• Hugasan (to wash something)– hinugasan, hinuhugasan, huhugasan

• Walisan (to sweep a surface)– winalisan, winawalisan, wawalisan

An – (Directional Focus) denotes movement in relation to a goal

• Dalhan (to bring something to someone)) – dinalhan, dinadalhan, dadalhan

• Lapitan (to approach someone) - nilapitan, nilalapitan, lalapitan

• Puntahan (to go to someone) – pinuntahan, pinupuntahan, pupuntahan

• Upuan (to sit on something)– inupuan, inuupuan, uupuan

An- denotes action typically involving a human goal

• Halikan (to kiss someone)– hinalikan, hinahalikan, hahalikan

• Ngitian (to smile at someone)– nginitian, nginingitian, ngingitian

• Tulungan (to help someone) – tinulungan, tinutulungan, tutulungan

I – (objects focus) denotes action affecting the position of the goal but not causing change. Oftentimes, object is moving from one place to another. They correspond to mag- verbs.

• Itapon (to throw something) – itinapon, itinatapon, itatapon

• Iuwi ( to take home something) – iniuwi, iniuuwi, iuuwi

• Iakyat (to bring something upstairs) – iniakyat, iaakyat

in – (Object focus) - denotes actions radically affecting the goal such as those causing in change in its structure.

• Gawin (to do something) – ginawa, ginagawa, gagawin

• Inumin (to drink something) – ininom, iniinom, iinumin• Lutuin (to cook something ) - niluto, niluluto, lulutuin• Tapusin (to finish something ) – tinapos, tinatapos,

tatapusin• Tadtarin (to chop something ) – tinadtad, tinatadtad,

tatadtarin

In – (Directional focus) - may denote motion in relation to a goal in which case there is usual contact with the goal.

• Pasukin ( to enter a place) – pinasok, pinapasok, papasukin

• Salpukin (to hit someone)– sinalpok, sinasalpok, sasalpukin

• Pukpukin ( to pound on something) – pinukpok, pinupukpok, pupukpukin

In -may also denote action typically involving a human goal.

• Dalawin ( to visit someone)– dinalaw, dinadalaw, dadalawin

• Ibigin (to love someone) – inibig, iniibig, iibigin

• Sunduin (to pick-up someone)– sinundo, sinusundo, susuduin