OPERATION RESEARCH

APARNA G. KHAPRE

JENNY RAUT

Guided by Ashish

tqma2z.blogspot.com

CHARACTERISTICS OF OPERATION RESEARCH System (executive) orientations. The use of interdisciplinary team. Application for scientific method. Uncovering of new problems. Improving in the quality of decisions Use of computers. Quantitative solutions. Human factors.

Models in Operation Research

Definition: A model as used in operation research ,is defined as

an idealized representation of the real life situation. It represents one or a few aspects of reality. Diverse items such as a map a multiple activity

charts, an autobiography,PERT,network,breakeven equation,balance sheet etc are all models because each of them represents a few aspects of real life situation.

CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES OF MODELS - The various schemes by which models can

be classified as-

1) By degree of abstraction.

2) By function

3) By structure

A) Iconic or physical models

B) Analogue or schematic model

C) Symbolic or mathematical model.

4) By nature of the environmenta) Deterministic modelb) Probabilistic model5) By extent of generalitya) General modelb) Specific model6) By time of horizonsa)Static horizonb)Dynamic horizon

CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD MODEL Simplifying assumputions. Relevant variables. System environmental changes. Adaptable to parametric type. Easy and economical to construct

PHASES OF OPERATION RESEARCH

1)Judgement phase

A) determination of operation

B)establishment of objective and values.

C)determination of suitable measures.

D)formulation of problems.

RESEARCH PHASE

a)Operation and data collection.

b)Formulation of hypothesis and models

c)Observation and experimentation to test hypothesis.

d)Analysis of available information and verification. e)Predictions of various results from the hypothesis f)Generalization of results and consideration. 3)Action phase