O ozing out knowledge in human brains to the Internet
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Oozing out knowledge in human brains to the Internet
Lada AdamicSchool of InformationUniversity of Michigan
http://www.ladamic.com
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Oozing out knowledge
Knowledge In ``Knowledge search is like oozing out knowledge in human brains to the Internet. People who know something better than others can present their know-how, skills or knowledge''
NHN CEO Chae Hwi-young
“(It is) the next generation of search… (it) is a kind of collective brain -- a searchable database of everything everyone knows. It's a culture of generosity. The fundamental belief is that everyone knows something.” -- Eckart Walther (Yahoo Research)
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can we identify experts?
fragment of the Java Forum Q&A network
Zhang, Ackerman, Adamic, WWW 2007
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ego-network structure of a technical forum
programming
Adamic et al., WWW 2008
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network structure of a discussion forum
politics
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8
Marc Smith: “This proves that marriage is more like wrestling than like programming”
Image: Eytan Bakshy
What can the network structure of Q&A forums tell us about interactions?
programming marriage wrestling
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Does focusing more narrowly correlate with higher quality contribution?
vs.
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num
ber o
f use
rs in
cat
egor
y(>
40
repl
ies t
otal
)
correlation between focus & % best
music
diseases and conditions
languages homework help
math
biology physics
chemistry
Yes, for technical/factual categories
Does focusing more narrowly correlate with higher quality contribution?
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11
mor
e fo
cus -
>hig
her q
ualit
y?
patents
papers
WikipediaQ&A
Adamic et al., First Monday 2010
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persistence and quality
• even the most active users have intermittent activity• intermittency negatively correlated with quality
Nam, Ackerman, Adamic, CHI 2009
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Why?
• What motivates users to answer hundreds to thousands of questions?
• From interviews of Naver (Korean Q&A site) participants– Altruism– Learning– Hobby– Business– Points
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what to answer?• filling in the blanks: users select unanswered questions• correcting others: last answer picked as best most often
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Many answers you can get for free…What do you need to pay for?
TaskCN: popular Chinese Witkey site
Jiang, Adamic, Ackerman, ICWSM 2008, EC 2009
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Taskcn knowledge sharing community
• Askers offer cash rewards for best “solution” to task
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How virtual points & real bucks influence participation in Q&A forums
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users learn to choose less competitive tasksav
. # o
f com
petit
ors i
n ta
sk
log(
inte
rval
) bet
wee
n w
ins
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Field experiment
• Crowdsourcing: 120 translation tasks– all pay auction mechanism: participants
contribute solutions, only 1 is selected to receive payment
– price treatment: high, low– shill treatment: enter in our own solution as a
user with or without prior success
• results– monetary incentives incentivize spam
(85% are machine translations)
– higher pay yields better contributions
– shills discourage other quality contributions
Liu, Yang, Adamic, Chen
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Q: can collaborative work yield better solutions than individual efforts?
– individual ideas & exploration– merging the best– e.g. Netflix prize
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Q: what is the role of “community” in retaining workers?
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for more info• Crowdsourcing and knowledgesharing: strategic user behavior on TaskCn
Yang, J., Adamic, L., Ackerman, M.S., EC2009• Questions in, KnowledgeIn?
Nam, K., Ackerman, M.S., Adamic, L., CHI 2009• Competing to share expertise
Yang, J., Adamic, L., Ackerman, M.S., ICWSM2008• Examining knowledge sharing on Yahoo Answers
Adamic, L., Zhang, J., Ackerman, M.S., Knowledge Sharing and Yahoo Answers: Everyone knows something, WWW’08
• ExpertiseRank algorithms and evaluations Zhang, J., Ackerman, M.S., Adamic, L., Expertise Networks in Online Communities: Structure and
Algorithms, WWW’07
Lada Adamic [email protected]://www-personal.umich.edu/~ladamic