Fundamental movement skills are those which children need to successfully participate in games

o Locomotor skills *run *jump *hop *skip *gallop *leap *dodge o Non-locomotor skills *static balance *bend *sway *twist *turn o Manipulative skills *catch *throw *kick

 

   

Static balance

Skill components 1. Support leg still, foot flat on the ground 2. Non-support leg bent, not touching the

support leg. 3. Head stable, eyes focused forward 4. Trunk stable and upright 5. No excessive arm movements

*Proficiency of components 2, 3 and 4 is expected

Teachers should explicitly instruct students to:

• Stand with foot flat on the ground • Hold your bent leg away from your

other leg • Look at something in front of you • Stand up tall when you balance • Relax your arms

Additional non-locomotor movements include: *bending *stretching *pushing *pulling *twisting *turning *swaying *swinging  

Activities to teach, develop and assess non-locomotor skills  

• In class – warm up or cool down with a Kid’s Yoga episode (You Tube – Cosmic Kids Yoga). In these episodes, students are asked to perform a number of non-locomotive movements. This will give the classroom teacher time to informally assess students in their ability to balance, twist, stretch and bend. Tables and chairs will need to be moved in order to provide enough space for students to complete the activity correctly.

• Begin the lesson with a balance competition. Students sit down once they have lost their balance and the final student standing is the winner. Use this competition as a platform to discuss what is needed for good balance. Revise the skill components for balancing. Activity 1

Balancing on the wooden seats (in between the play

equipment and Kids Castle). Students will need to stagger

start.

*balance with bean bags for additional difficulty

Activity 2

Students balance with a beanbag on their head, alternating between their

dominant and non-dominate leg.

Activity 3

Tug of War To develop pulling movement

OR Frisbee

Activity 4

Teacher assessment

Teacher leads small group of students in a variety of non-locomotor activities in order to access proficiency of each

movement

Location: Activities to be completed on the K-1 oval.

Resources: *bean bags *large rope *Frisbees

 

Sprint Run

Teachers should explicitly instruct students to:

• Lift knees high • Bring your heel close to the your bottom • Look ahead • Make your feet follow an imaginary line • Don’t let your heels touch the ground • Land on the balls of your feet • Run tall

Skill components 1. Lands on ball of the foot. 2. High knee lift (thigh almost parallel to

the ground) 3. Head and trunk stable, eyes focused

forward 4. Elbows bent at 90 degrees 5. Arms drive forward and back in

opposite direction to the knees

*Proficiency of components 2, 3 and 4 is expected

Vertical Jump Teachers should explicitly instruct students to:

• Look up • Get ready to explode up high, get

ready to take off • Swing your arms back and up • Straighten your legs when in the air • Bend your knees on landing • Land with feet the width of your

shoulders apart

Skill components 1. Eyes focused forward or upward

throughout the jump 2. Crouches with knees bent and arms

behind the body 3. Forceful forward and upward swing of

the arms 4. Legs straighten in the air 5. Lands on balls of the feet

*Proficiency of components 1 and 2 is expected

Skill components 1. Support leg bends on standing, then

straightens to push off. 2. Lands and pushes off on the ball of the

foot 3. Non-support leg bent and swings in

rhythm with the support leg 4. Head stable, eyes focused forward

throughout the jump

*Proficiency of components 3 and 4 is expected

Hop Teachers should explicitly instruct students to:

• Bend your leg to push off • Land of the ball of your foot • Find your rhythm • Look ahead, with head and eyes level • Use your arms for balance

Side Gallop Teachers should explicitly instruct students to:

• Use light springing steps • Take off and land on the front of your

foot • Make your body face to the front • Keep your eyes straight ahead (or look

over your shoulder) • Step, close, step, close… or step,

together, step, together

Skill components 1. Smooth rhythmically movement 2. Brief period where both feet are off the

ground 3. Weight on the balls of the feet 4. Hips and shoulders point to the front 5. Head stable, eyes focused forward or in

the direction of travel *Proficiency of components 3, 4 and 5 is

expected

 

Skip Teachers should explicitly instruct students to:

• Use light springing steps • Keep eyes straight ahead • Step, hop, step, hop • Take off and land on the front of your

foot • Make sure your body faces to the front

Skill components 1. Shows a rhythmical step hop 2. Lands on ball of the foot 3. Knee of support leg bends to prepare

for hop 4. Head and trunk stable, eyes focused

forward 5. Arms relaxed and swing in opposition

to legs *Proficiency of components 1, 4 and 5 is

expected

Leap Teachers should explicitly instruct students to:

• Look straight ahead • Bend knee to take off • Scissor legs • Stretch your arms out • Lean into the leap • Land softly

Skill components 1. Eyes focused forward throughout the

leap 2. Knee of take off bends 3. Legs straighten during flight 4. Arms held in opposition to the legs 5. Trunk leans slightly forward 6. Lands on ball of the foot and bends

knee to absorb landing *Proficiency of components 1, 2 and 5 is

expected

Activities to teach, develop and assess locomotor skills  

• Warm-up using a range of non-locomotor skills • Vertical jump - revise correct technique. Students jump and touch the wall with fingertips, recording height

with chalk. • Side gallop, skip, hop, sprint run – revise correct technique for each movement. Students split into groups

and practice the movement called out by the teacher, following the lines of the handball court as a guide. • Leap – set up barriers of varying heights and have students run and leap over each obstacle. • Races – Using the basketball court, students compete in races incorporating a range of locomotor

movements (this could be done as a relay or a medley). Teacher can take this opportunity for assessment.

GAME: LOCOMOTOR LICENCE  

• Each asked to find a space, ensuring that they are not in the personal space of others. This space is their “parking spot” and they must remember it as they will have to return.

• Teacher calls out gears (movement cues) and students must “drive” in that manner, listening for instructions. The police officer is looking for safe drivers.

• 1st gear = skipping 2nd gear = side gallop 3rd gear = hopping 4th gear = leaping 5th gear = sprint run Reverse = walking backwards CRASH! = freeze Park = return to original spot

• Additional movement cues that may be added once students understand the game include: Raining: 5 star jumps (windscreen wipers) School crossing: Slow motion walking Traffic jam: 5 bell jumps (feet together – jump side to side) Stuck in mud – run on spot

Location: Activities can be played on the 2-6 side. Basketball court for relays

Resources: chalk, items to leap over.

     

Catch Teachers should explicitly instruct students to:

• Watch the object move onto your hands • Cup your hands • Move to the ball • Relax your hands • Point your fingers up for a high ball • Point your fingers down for a low ball • Bend elbows to absorb the force of the

object

Skill components 1. Eyes focused on the object throughout

the catch 2. Feet move to place the body in line with

objects 3. Hands move to meet the objects 4. Hands and fingers relaxed and slightly

cupped to catch the ball 5. Catches and controls the object with

hands only (well timed closure) 6. Elbows bend to absorb the force of the

object *Proficiency of components 1 and 3 expected

Overarm throw Teachers should explicitly instruct students to:

• Look at your target • Point to the target (with your non

throwing arm) • Stand side-on • Step forward and throw • Swing your arms down and back as you

prepare to throw • Step, throw, and follow through down

and across your body

Skill components 1. Eyes focused on target area throughout

the throw 2. Stands side-on to target area 3. Throwing arm moves in a downward

and backward arc 4. Steps toward target area with foot

opposite throwing arm 5. Hips then shoulders rotate forward 6. Throwing arm follows through, down

and across body *Proficiency of components 1, 2, 4 and 6

expected

Kick Teachers should explicitly instruct students to:

• Keep your eyes on the ball • Place your foot beside the ball before

you kick • Step forward and kick • Swing the arm opposite to your kicking

leg • Swing your kicking leg back • Follow through

Skill components 1. Eyes focused on the ball throughout the

kick 2. Forward and sideward swing of arm

opposite kicking leg 3. Non-kicking foot placed beside the ball 4. Bends knee of kicking leg at least 90

degrees during the back swing 5. Contacts ball with the top of the foot 6. Kicking leg follows through high

towards target area

*Proficiency of components 1and 3 expected

Activities to teach, develop and assess manipulative skills  

• Warm-up using a range of non-locomotor and locomotor skills. • Catch – Revise correct technique. Split students into two groups. Half of the group practices throwing a

tennis ball in the air and catching it while the other half throws tennis ball against a wall and catches rebound. Swap groups over.

• Throw & catch: Put coloured cones in two lines, leaving space between each cone and a substantial distance between lines. Students stand behind a cone and identify their partner. Partner A overarm throws and partner B catches. Partner B then over arm throws and partner A catches. Repeat. Stress the importance of technique rather than accuracy.

 

Activities to teach, develop and assess manipulative skills cont…  

• Throw: Beanbag into hoop activities. • Kicking: Make multiple kicking tees out of a pile of beanbags. Students take it in turns to practice kicking

and (when asked) retrieving their ball and returning it to the tee for the next kicker.

GAME: KEEP IT MOVING  

• Put all the balls in the playing area, the students job is to keep all the balls moving! When the teacher calls “go”, students must try to have all balls moving and when the teacher calls “stop” the aim is to have no balls moving.

• Kicks that go higher than the hip are considered too high. Penalty is 5 star jumps.

Equipment  

• Balls for everyone plus some additional various sized balls

GAME: PIRATES GOLD  

• Divide class into 2 groups. One group will be the “pirates” (wear bibs) and another group can be the “sailors”.

• Mark off 4 corners (goals) with cones – these are the “ships” • The object of the game is to see how many pieces of “gold” (balls) the pirates can shoot into one of their

four ships before the time is up (2 minutes). Once a ball is kicked into one of the four “ships”, it is placed into the “treasure chest” (box/crate). Designate a pirate to collect the “gold” and put it in the “chest”.

• The sailors must try to prevent the pirates from getting their gold to the ship (ball in the goal). Once a ball is in a ship a sailor cannot kick it out.

• At the end of the two minutes count how much gold is in the treasure chest. Groups swap and resume game *Note: This game could also be modified to practice throwing and catching. Pirates can line up and sailors can find positions near the ships. Pirates must overarm throw from the center and try and get the ball into the goal. Sailors may attempt to block by catching.

Equipment • 15+ balls • 1 box/crate • Bibs and cones (x8)

Location: Activities can be played on either side of the school, possibly the hall if it rains.

Equipment: balls of varying sizes (tennis, foam, soccer, handballs), cones, beanbags, hula-hoops, bibs, box/crate

Program modified from the following resources: Get Skilled Get Active – A K-6 Resource to support the teaching of fundamental movement skills NSW Department of Education & Training 2000 http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/media/downloads/schoolsdrug/learning/yrk12focusareas/druged/k6_der.pdf Coach Nelson PE Activities Page – a selection of games and activities to practice fundamental movement skills http://rm005.k12.sd.us/tracy%20nelson/activities%20for%20lessons.htm