1. Chapter 1Introduction and Demographics ofAging

2. Introduction Nutrition influences how a person will age Process of aging affects nutrition Older adults are living longer 3. Factors that Influence Aging andQuality of LifeAdapted from American Dietetic Association. Position paper ofthe American Dietetic Association: Nutrition across the spectrumof aging. J Am Diet Assoc. 2005;105(4):616-633. 4. Administration on Aging Providers of home and community-based care Supportive services Nutrition services Preventative health services National Family Caregiver Support Program Services that protect rights of chronic disease andquality of life Healthy aging 5. Administration on Aging Rural area vs. urban area Poor health Lower incomes Less education Frequency of unhealthy behavior Obesity 6. Demographics Insuring adequate nutritional intake Maintaining functional independence Preventing malnutrition and complications Increased susceptibility to illness Impaired immune function Prolonged hospital stay 7. Demographics Barriers to Food Intake in Older Adults 8. Dietary Guidance Nutritionally adequate and nutritionally densediet Promote health Prevent nutrition-related complications Modified MyPyramid for Older Adults Emphasize nutrient-dense foods Importance of fluid balance Forms of foods Physical activity Supplements 9. Healthy People 2010 Goals Increase the years and quality of healthy life Eliminate racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare 10. Healthy People 2010 11. Healthy People 2010 Ten Leading Health Indicators Lifestyle Tobacco use Obesity and overweight Physical inactivity Alcohol and other substance abuses Sexual behaviors 12. Healthy People 2010 Second five Mental health Injury and violence Environmental quality Immunization Access to health care 13. Administration on Aging OlderMinority Groups AoA targets health disparities in three areas Diabetes Cardiovascular disease Adult immunization Modernization of the Older Americans Act Prevention programs for reducing the risk ofdisease, injury, and disability 14. Older Minority Groups Hispanic Americans Compared to All OlderAmericans Less educated Higher poverty rate Higher rate ofdiabetes More requireassistance forpersonal care Monkey Business Images/ShutterStock, Inc. 15. Older Minority Groups African Americans Compared to All Older Americans Higher poverty rate Similar life expectancy Higher rate of hypertension Similar rates of other chronic diseases Higher rate without private health insurance 16. Older Minority Groups Native Americans Indian Health Services Provides funds for health care Nearly half have private insurance coverage Compared to general population Higher prevalence of multiple chronic conditions High rate of stroke Women more likely to be obese, and less likely toexercise Lower life expectancy Rural areas = less access to health care 17. Older Minority Groups Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders High proportions own homes and completecollege Longest life expectancy among different racialgroups May use traditional medicine Low percent are uninsured or live under povertylevel 18. Older Minority Groups Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders Diet becoming more Americanized Most common chronic problems High cholesterol Hypertension Arthritis Asthma Diabetes Overweight and obesity in Hawaiians 19. Older Minority Groups Caucasian Americans (Non-Hispanic Whites) Highest median age 20. Health and Well-Being Influenced by numerous interrelated factorsover a lifetime 21. Health and Well-Being Classification of Factors That Affect FoodChoice in Older Adults 22. Health and Well-Being Poor Diet Affects the Older Adult 23. The Health Care WorkforceThe Percent of the Total Population Who are65/85 Years by StateData from U.S. Census Bureau, 2006 American Community Survey. 24. The Health Care Workforce Older adults use more health care services Three chronic health problems (on average) Use five prescription drugs (on average) Proportionally less professionals skills ingeriatrics Medicare payment issues/reimbursement 25. Conclusion Older adults are vulnerable to compromisednutrient intake Multiple factors influence eating habits andnutritional status Goal of nutrition intervention Maintain health and quality of life