Nutrition Labeling calories
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38 Part I • General Information
3-1table
Mandatory (Bold) and Voluntary
Components for Food Label Under
Nutrition Labeling and Education Act
of 1990
Total CaloriesCalories from fatCalories from saturated fatTotal fat
Saturated fatTrans fatPolyunsaturated fatMonounsaturated fat
CholesterolSodiumPotassiumTotal carbohydrate
Dietary fiberSoluble fiberInsoluble fiberSugarsSugar alcohols (e.g., sugar substitutes xylitol,
mannitol, and sorbitol)Other carbohydrates (the difference between total
carbohydrate and the sum of dietary fiber,sugars, and sugar alcohols, if declared)
ProteinVitamin A% of Vitamin A present as beta-caroteneVitamin CCalciumIronOther essential vitamins and minerals
From (7), updated.
Nutrition panel will have the heading “Nutrition Facts.” Only compo-
nents listed are allowed on the nutrition panel, and they must be in
the order listed. Components are to be expressed as amount and/or
as percent of an established “Daily Value.”
of 1990 (NLEA) (2, 3), which amended the FD&C Actwith regard to five primary changes:
1. Mandatory nutrition labeling for almost allfood products
2. Federal regulation of nutrient content claimsand health claims
3. Authority for states to enforce certain provi-sions of FD&C Act
4. Federal preemption over state laws formisbranding provisions
5. Declaration of ingredients
In 2003 the FDA also published a final rule in the Fed-eral Register that amended food labeling regulationsto require trans-fatty acid declaration (68 FR 41434)(effective date of rule: January 1, 2006). This modi-fication in nutritional labeling resulted from reportsthat intake of trans fat and other cholesterol-raising fatshould be limited (12).
3-1f igure
An example of the nutrition label, NutritionLabeling and Education Act of 1990. (Cour-tesy of the Food and Drug Administration,Washington, DC.)
3.2 FOOD LABELING REGULATIONS
For each aspect of nutrition labeling regulationsdescribed below, general or FDA labeling require-ments are covered, followed by, if applicable, certainFSIS regulations that differ from the FDA require-ments. While the focus here is on mandatory nutritionlabeling, it should be noted that the FDA has guide-lines for voluntary nutrition labeling of raw fruit,vegetables, and fish (21 CFR 101.45), and FSIS hasguidelines for voluntary nutrition labeling of single-ingredient raw meat and poultry products (9 CFR317.445, 381.445). These FDA and FSIS guidelines forvoluntary nutrition labeling differ in issues such assource of nutrient databases used, compliance checks,and use of claims on product labels.
3.2.1 Mandatory Nutrition Labeling
3.2.1.1 Basic Format
The FDA regulations implementing the 1990 NLEArequire nutrition labeling for most foods offered forsale and regulated by the FDA (21 CFR 101.9), and FSIS